Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four patients with thyrotoxicosis, hypercalcaemia and metabolic bone disease are described. One of them had a 'hot nodule', T3 toxicosis and a parathyroid tumour and another had thin bones, subperiosteal cortical bone erosions and complete dysphagia. Hypercalcaemia persisted during treatment with antithyroid drugs in two patients, both of whom had hyperparathyroidism. The administration of salmon calcitonin to these two patients before starting antithyroid treatment produced an immediate and sustained fall in serum calcium and urinary hydroxyproline levels. Calcitonin administration should be of value in the early management of hypercalcaemic patients.
 ...
PMID:Thyrotoxicosis and hypercalcaemia: response to antithyroid drugs and salmon calcitonin. 6 11

This report deals with a middle aged man in whom the presenting symptom of the disorder was dysphagia. The clinical approach to the final diagnosis of thyrotoxic myopathy causing dysphagia is outlined and the pathophysiology of dysphagia then discussed. The need to include thyrotoxicosis in the differential diagnosis of an otherwise unexplained case of dysphagia is stressed.
 ...
PMID:Dysphagia as a primary manifestation of thyrotoxicosis: a case report. 262 17

A 55-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with an anterior neck tumor, hoarseness, and dysphagia that had continued for a few weeks. He was diagnosed as anaplastic thyroid cancer by fine-needle aspiration cytology. He was treated by external radiation and chemotherapy, but left hemothorax developed and he died of respiratory failure on the 76th day in hospital. On admission, the levels of serum free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and TSH were 12.8 pg/ml, 4.2 ng/dl, and 0 microU/ml, respectively. The simultaneous thyroidal I-131 uptake rate was 1.2% at 24 hours. The levels of free thyroid hormones fell gradually without antithyroid drugs to result in hypothyroidism (FT3 0.8 pg/ml, FT4 0 ng/dl, and TSH 36 microU/ml). The rapid growth of anaplastic thyroid cancer seemed to be responsible for destructive thyrotoxicosis followed by hypothyroidism in this patient.
 ...
PMID:Destructive thyrotoxicosis in a patient with anaplastic thyroid cancer. 263 16

Dysphagia is an uncommon feature of thyrotoxic myopathy, and is usually associated with other signs of bulbar weakness, such as dysarthria and nasal regurgitation. We report a case of thyrotoxicosis presenting with dysphagia due to diminished oesophageal motility associated with significant hypercalcaemia; both abnormalities resolved rapidly following treatment.
 ...
PMID:Disordered oesophageal motility in thyrotoxic myopathy. 402 94

During the course of 872 thyroidectomies performed at the University of Michigan Medical Center between 1972 and 1982, 50 patients (5.7%) were found to have substernal goiters, 42 of which were benign and eight malignant (16%). Symptoms included airway compression (22 patients), dysphagia (13 patients), hoarseness (four patients), weight loss (three patients), and thyrotoxicosis (10 patients). Five patients with compression symptoms, four of whom had benign disease, had superior vena cava syndrome. Most patients were elderly (mean age 66 years), were women (3.2 women:1 man), and had long-standing goiters (mean duration 16 years). All but one operation was performed through a cervical incision. There were no intraoperative deaths. Complications were: pneumonia (one patient), wound hematoma (one patient), transient hypocalcemia (two patients), and atrial fibrillation (two patients). This series illustrates five reasons to support operative management. (1) There is no other treatment for long-standing large multinodular goiters. (2) Iodine 131, the alternative to operation for patients with large thyrotoxic goiters, can precipitate acute reactions in the elderly that can result in respiratory distress. (3) A long history of having a large multinodular goiter precluded neither malignancy, hyperfunction, nor complications such as tracheal or esophageal compression. (4) Malignancy occurs in a significant number of these lesions, which are inaccessible to needle biopsy. (5) Nearly all substernal goiters can be removed through a cervical incision. Presence of a substernal goiter is in itself an indication for operation.
 ...
PMID:Rationale for the operative management of substernal goiters. 664 12

Thyrotoxicosis may manifest with dysphagia. The case of an elderly male with dysphagia as the initial symptom is discussed. It is suggested that thyrotoxicosis is included in the differential diagnosis of dysphagia in the elderly, particularly if muscle weakness is also present.
 ...
PMID:Thyrotoxicosis presenting as dysphagia. A case report. 706 41

Four cases of tuberculosis of the thyroid with different presentations including chronic sinus (following drainage of thyroid abscess), thyrotoxicosis, severe dysphagia clinically mimicking malignancy and euthyroid multinodular goitre are described. Except in the case presenting with chronic sinus (discharging acid-fast bacilli), the diagnosis was a pathological surprise (cytopathology in one and histopathology in two). Only in one case was there evidence of disease outside the cervical region. All cases showed multiple coalescing and caseating epitheloid cell granulomas along with giant cells, which are considered as diagnostic of tuberculous thyroiditis even if acid fast bacilli cannot be demonstrated. The literature is reviewed and the pathogenesis discussed.
 ...
PMID:Tuberculosis of the thyroid gland: a clinicopathological profile of four cases and review of the literature. 827 25

Nodular goiter is the natural evolution of nontoxic goiter, that may be endemic, sporadic or familiar. Iodine deficiency is the cause of endemic goiter, while genetical defects, impairing the thyroid hormone biosynthetic efficiency or altering the number and/or activity of growth factor receptors, play the major role in the pathogenesis of sporadic and familiar nontoxic goiter. The prevalence of nodular goiter is directly related to the degree of iodine deficiency that is still present in several areas of the world. In iodine deficient areas such as some Italian regions, nodular goiter is present in 25-33% of the population, its frequency increasing with age. In iodine sufficient areas the prevalence of nodular goiter is comprised between 0.4 and 7.2% high in iodine deficient areas and about 4% in iodine sufficient countries, its frequency increasing with the age. Dysphagia, dyspnea and coarsening of the voice may occur for esophagous, tracheal or laryngeal nerve compression, respectively. Iodine deficiency has little if any effect on the frequency of thyroid carcinoma, while, with regard to the histological pattern, it leads to an increased ratio papillary/follicular. Thyroid function is normal in uncomplicated nontoxic goiter. However, the evolution of nodular goiter is toward the functional autonomy of nodules that may result in thyrotoxicosis. Hypothyroidism is rare and is usually the result of thyroid autoimmunity. All the cases due to iodine deficiency can be prevented by an adequate iodine prophylaxis that can be accomplished in industrialized countries by the use of sale enriched in iodine.
 ...
PMID:[Multinodular goiter. Epidemiology and prevention]. 901 82

A 60-year-old man noticed rapid enlargement of a long-standing thyroid goitre, with dysphagia and difficulty in breathing. Thyrotoxicosis was diagnosed. Chest X-ray revealed multiple pulmonary metastases. He underwent near-total thyroidectomy. The histopathology revealed an undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma with some areas of papillary carcinoma and its follicular variant. Postoperative 131I total body scan showed residual thyroid tissue in the neck and one functioning metastasis in the right rib, posteriorly. The patient's condition deteriorated rapidly and he died from pneumonia. The autopsy showed widespread metastases of undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma. Only the right rib contained the follicular variant of papillary carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Primary thyroid carcinoma and thyrotoxicosis. 953 90

A 65-year-old man presented with hyperthyroidism associated with thyrotoxic dysphagia. Treatment with thiamazole improved his symptoms promptly. Although dysphagia is a rare manifestation of thyrotoxicosis, it should be emphasized that the possibility of hyperthyroidism must be discussed in unexplained dysphagia because it is readily treatable.
 ...
PMID:Hyperthyroidism presenting as dysphagia. 1085 57


1 2 3 Next >>