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Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Precancerous conditions are defined as a generalized state associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer. For the oral and perioral region, sideropenic dysphagia, oral lichen planus (OLP), oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), syphilis, discoid lupus erythematosus, xeroderma pigmentosum as well as epidermolysis bullosa play a role as precancerous conditions. The number of published cases of oral or perioral malignant transformation for some of these diseases is small. In addition, carcinomas of the tongue and the oral cavity associated with syphilis are of historical interest, although publications in the 1990s still reported positive serology of syphilis and carcinomas of the tongue. OLP is still controversially discussed as to its premalignant nature. Transformation rates have been reported between 0% and 5.6%. Recent prospective studies have revealed that possibly oral lichenoid reactions (OLR) are more likely to form the basis of malignant transformation as compared to the classic OLP. The differentiation between OLP and OLR is difficult both from clinical and histopathological aspects. The second most important precancerous condition is oral submucous fibrosis, which is caused by betel quid chewing. OSF is most prevalent in South and Southeast Asia. The transformation rate is as high as 7.6% making OSF one of the most important precancerous conditions of the oral region.
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PMID:[Oral precancerous conditions--an overview]. 1296 Oct 69

A 56-year-old woman underwent a laparoscopic Heller-Dor operation for esophageal achalasia in June 2002. As dysphagia became exacerbated and the oral intake became extremely poor, an esophagectomy was thus considered to be indicated. In September 2005, a transhiatal esophagectomy was performed, and the esophagus was reconstructed using a gastric tube through the posterior mediastinum. The patient developed pneumonia postoperatively, but responded to conservative therapy and was discharged in good health 30 days after surgery. A histopathological analysis demonstrated degeneration and a loss of gangliocytes throughout the esophagus as well as the presence of seven intramucosal cancers. The main cause of dysphagia was due to a marked flexion of the upper esophagus. Even though we identified a precancerous state, we believe that surgery was an appropriate option in this case.
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PMID:Achalasia complicated by multiple intramucosal carcinomas: report of a case. 1787 43

Barrett's Esophagus (BE) is defined as a premalignant condition, where the esophageal squamous epithelium is replaced by intestinal epithelium. Specialized intestinal columnar metaplasia, typical for Barrett's esophagus, does not generate any symptoms. Most of the patients are initially seen for symptoms associated with the gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), such as heartburn, regurgitation and dysphagia. The histological progression from intestinal metaplasia to dysplasia and then to BE-associated adenocarcinoma forms the argument for screening and endoscopic monitoring. The examination of Barrett's esophagus is controversial. Certain groups suggest a screening of the patients who exhibit more risk factors for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma (for instance, gastroesophageal reflux disease, age 50, male, high body mass index with abdominal fat distribution). The main reason behind the treatment of acid reflux is that it may lead to chronic esophageal inflammation, which in its turn may predispose to the development of cancer.
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PMID:Barrett's Esophagus - State of the Art. 2950 31

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is one of the "diseases of civilization" because of the large differences in prevalence among races, geographic areas, and individuals at different socioeconomic levels. It is a premalignant condition strongly associated with the habit of chewing areca nuts. This study is to compare the scoring system in relation to the burning sensation of mouth and dysphagia using the visual analog scale (VAS) and Dakkak and Bennett grading system for Indian food, respectively, in OSMF patients. This study was a randomized clinical trial incorporating a total of 50 cases of OSMF divided into a control group (antioxidant therapy) and pentoxifylline test cases. Values for burning sensation of the mouth using the VAS and modified Dakkak and Bennett grading system for Indian food were recorded. Statistical analyses were done using t test, Mann -Whitney U test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Patients subjected to pentoxifylline when compared to the control group showed significant reduction in dysphagia for Indian food. Burning sensation was recorded according to the visual analogue scale. Significant reduction in burning sensation was seen in the pentoxifylline group when compared to the control group. This grading system provides quantitative and qualitative parameters in patients with OSMF.
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PMID:"Introducing Modified Dakkak and Bennett Grading System for Indian Food in Oral Submucous Fibrosis": A Dharwad Study. 2962 59