Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Local radical thyroidectomy, including cervical lymph node dissection and combined circumferential resection of the trachea, has been performed over the past 20 years in 31 patients with differentiated cancer invading the trachea. The 5- and 10-year survival rates for these patients were 77.4% and 66.7%, respectively. In 19 of the 31 (61%) cases the recurrent nerve was resected because of direct cancer invasion. Bilateral recurrent nerve palsy occurred in 12 patients, 3 of whom were managed postoperatively using a T-shaped tube for preservation of the larynx. Hoarseness remained in 21 patients. In two patients with recurrent cancer invasion of the larynx, partial laryngectomy and hemilaryngectomy were performed, and reconstruction was done using ear cartilage without postoperative dyspnea or dysphagia. Parathyroid function is an important factor in regard to the quality of life of patients. In 22 patients at least one of the parathyroids was preserved. Postoperative calcium administration was necessary in 14 patients. Our long-term observations indicate that local radical thyroidectomy with combined resection of the trachea can serve as a useful treatment for advanced differentiated cancer invading the airway.
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PMID:Merits and demerits of operative procedure to the trachea in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. 1137 6

Hypercalcemia is a common life-threatening complication associated with several genitourinary malignancies. Parathyroid-related peptide has been shown to cause hypercalcemia in several solid tumors but rarely in penile cancer. We report a case of advanced penile cancer with hypercalcemia and associated dysphagia. Treatment is clinically challenging and should be definitive as soon as the patient has been stabilized. Serum calcium measurement can be used for monitoring the outcome and follow-up in such patients. Dysphagia is a rare but potential symptom of hypercalcemia, but additional studies are needed to prove this association.
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PMID:Humoral hypercalcemia of penile carcinoma. 1727 Jun 52

Parathyroid cysts are much less common than other cystic lesions of the neck. The great majority of parathyroid cysts are endocrine non-functioning. Parathyroid cysts may become symptomatic because of hormonal activity or due to the size and pressure effects. This is a case history of a 43 year-old woman, who presented with dyspnea. A 9 + 8 + 6cm cervical-mediastinal parathyroid cyst causing dyspnea, dysphagia, respiratory failure and jugular vein thrombosis was found.
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PMID:[Parathyroid cyst associated with acute respiratory failure and jugular vein thrombosis]. 1785 54

Parathyroid cysts are rare lesions that can present clinically as low neck masses. The clinical diagnosis of parathyroid cyst can be challenging and requires a high level of suspicion as it often mimics a thyroid nodule. The cyst occasionally can cause compressive symptoms such as dysphagia or dyspnea. When it occurs in the mediastinum, it can cause recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. In this report, we present a patient with a hyperfunctional parathyroid cyst in association with a papillary thyroid carcinoma. In addition, we briefly discuss the current literature on parathyroid cyst. This case is unusual in its clinical presentation in that the parathyroid cyst mimicked a thyroid goiter.
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PMID:Cystic parathyroid presenting as an apparent thyroid goiter. 1829 71

Parathyroid cyst is a very rare abnormality. The diagnosis can be made based on ultrasound and the analysis of the aspirated cystic fluid for parathyroid hormone (PTH). We report the case of a nonfunctional parathyroid cyst in a 50-year-old female patient with an anterior neck mass. The patient was complaining of pain in the anterior cervical region, dysphagia, dyspnea and dysphonia started three weeks previously. Ultrasound demonstrated an anechoic and avascular lesion located in the left lobe of the thyroid. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) revealed a clear, colorless and watery cystic fluid, that showed a high concentration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in both the native and the diluted content of the cyst, while serum PTH was normal, indicating a nonfunctional parathyroid cyst. The patient was in remission by percutaneous aspiration and there was no relapse of the parathyroid cyst after one-year follow-up.
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PMID:Parathyroid cyst, a rare cause of cystic cervical lesion. Case report. 2165 43

Parathyroid cysts are rare causes of neck swelling accounting for 0.6% of thyroid and parathyroid lesions. They may be functional, resulting in the release of parathyroid hormone, or non-functional. Non-functional cysts may be cosmetically unacceptable or cause dysphagia, dyspnoea or recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy as a result of compression. This article presents a young woman who was diagnosed with a thyroid cyst both on examination and imaging. However, the final histology confirmed this to be parathyroid in origin and this should be considered in the differential of such neck swellings.
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PMID:Parathyroid cysts: a clinical and radiological challenge. 2250 55

The most common causes of mediastinal masses are thymomas, lymphomas and neuromas. Mediastinal cysts, such as bronchogenic cysts, which are usually benign, are less common. We report the case of a 59-year-old woman with a history of progressive dysphagia. A computed tomography scan revealed a cystic lesion in the anterior mediastinum. The cyst was surgically resected and turned out to be a benign parathyroid cyst. The patient's symptoms disappeared after surgical removal. Both the serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels were normal before, and after surgery. Parathyroid cysts are rare lesions of the mediastinum and only around 100 cases have been reported in literature. Here we report the first case of a mediastinal parathyroid cyst in Iceland.
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PMID:[Mediastinal parathyroid cyst - a case report]. 2524 14

Parathyroid glands undergo a variable descent during embryologic development and can be found anywhere in the neck from the level of the mandible to the mediastinum. To the best of our knowledge, we present the first report of a patient who was found to have bilateral parathyroid adenomas in her pyriform sinuses. A middle-aged woman with renal failure and secondary hyperparathyroidism presented with dysphagia and was found to have bilateral pyriform sinus masses on endoscopy. We performed direct laryngoscopy and surgical excision of these masses, and they were found to be parathyroid adenomas. Her dysphagia improved postoperatively, and she continues to be followed by her endocrinologist, who manages her secondary hyperparathyroidism medically. The differential diagnosis for hypopharyngeal masses is wide and should include parathyroid adenomas, even in patients with bilateral masses.
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PMID:Bilateral pyriform sinus parathyroid adenomas. 2955 10

Parathyroid hyperactivity is the state of over-production and PTH secretion [1]. The most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism is parathyriod adenoma - about 80% of cases, the remaining are parathyroid hyperplasia around 15%cases [2] [3], and in 1-5% of cases, cancer [2] [3] [4] [5]. The disease is diagnosed inabout 40 people in 100,000 [5] [6] [3] [7]. The most common cause of adenoma is the mutation in gene MEN 1. Less than 5% of cases are chronichyperparathyroidism, which is a component of the MEN 1 MEN 2a endocrine adenocarcinoma syndrome [1]. Excess PTH in the body leads to increased mobilization of calcium from the bones, and henceincreased osteolysis, what also increases the absorption of calcium from thedigestive system, as well as an increased amount of phosphate excretion in the urine. Clinical picture of the disease is multiform and often runs in a latent form. Most often the diseaseoccurs in the form of osteoporosis, chronic recurrent kidney stones, and is also commonpyelonephritis on the basis of urolithiasis. The disease may be accompanied by: dysphagia, abdominal pain, metallic taste in the mouth, persistent constipation. In addition, from the systemnervous: dizziness and headaches, disturbances of consciousness. Arrhythmia the form of additional contractions and paroxysmal tachycardia. Osteolysis, osteoporosis and pathological fractures [1]. The purpose of this article is to bring closer to the reader case of 33 years old woman with primary hyperparathyroidism on the adenoma.
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PMID:Primary hyperparathyroidism on the example of a 33-year-old female patient with parathyroid adenoma. 3275 98