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Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Esophageal candidosis was found endoscopically in 135 of 496 AIDS patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Vomiting, dysphagia and retrosternal pain were the leading symptoms. Endoscopy showed different stages of esophagitis with Candida patches as early changes up to severe esophagitis with hemorrhage. 36 patients were treated with fluconazole orally or intravenously administered (100 mg per day). In 33 of 36 patients clinical, endoscopic and microbiological results were good with complete cure of the lesions after 7, 14 or 21 days of treatment. In 3 patients with wasting syndrome and severe opportunistic infections a resistance to the drug was discussed because of lack of sufficient therapy results. Maintenance therapy seems to be necessary to prevent relapses.
Mycoses 1990
PMID:[The therapy of Candida esophagitis in AIDS patients with fluconazole]. 210 62

Six horses with dysphagia (attributable to botulism, glossitis, or guttural pouch mycosis) were given a commercially available liquid diet as the sole source of nutrition. Seven horses with hypophagia caused by severe bacterial pleuropneumonia or peritonitis were given the liquid diet to supplement food consumed voluntarily. The liquid diet was administered through a nasogastric tube 2 or 3 times daily. Body weight did not change significantly, and pertinent laboratory values remained at satisfactory concentrations throughout the feeding period. Serious complications were not encountered. Three horses developed loose, low-volume feces, but did not require treatment.
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PMID:Use of a liquid diet as the sole source of nutrition in six dysphagic horses and as a dietary supplement in seven hypophagic horses. 212 65

Cineradiography of the esophagus showed signs of esophageal candidiasis in 11 out of 71 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) - both in diffuse scleroderma and the CREST syndrome. Culture of esophageal brushings confirmed the presence of Candida albicans in eight of these 11 patients. Antimycotic treatment decreased the cineradiographic signs of candidiasis and the degree of dysphagia. Since impaired esophageal motility and treatment with immunosuppressive drugs may predispose to candida esophagitis, and since dysphagia will decrease after antimycotic treatment esophageal mycosis should always be sought in patients with PSS.
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PMID:Cineradiography identifies esophageal candidiasis in progressive systemic sclerosis. 270 18

Balloon-tipped catheters were used to occlude the external carotid artery and its branches in nine horses with hemorrhage caused by guttural pouch mycosis. The internal carotid artery on the affected side was occluded simultaneously in four horses and had been occluded previously in two others. In three horses, a single balloon-tipped catheter was inserted in the external carotid artery beneath the floor of the guttural pouch and its tip was advanced blindly into distal branches. In one horse, the superficial temporal artery was occluded briefly during surgery by a balloon-tipped catheter so a catheter inserted into the external carotid artery could be diverted into the maxillary artery. In the other five horses, the external carotid artery was occluded proximally and the maxillary artery was occluded immediately caudal to the alar canal by a balloon-tipped catheter inserted into the major palatine artery. Serious postoperative hemorrhage did not occur in eight horses, but one horse that had a single balloon-tipped catheter inserted into the external carotid artery had profuse hemorrhage 11 days after surgery and was euthanatized. One horse was euthanatized because of persistent dysphagia. The only complication related to use of balloon catheters was a mild incisional infection in one horse. It was concluded that the external carotid and maxillary arteries must be occluded on both sides of the eroded segment to prevent hemorrhage from normograde and retrograde flow.
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PMID:Occlusion of the external carotid and maxillary arteries in the horse to prevent hemorrhage from guttural pouch mycosis. 292 37

Three hundred four patients have undergone cardiac transplantation at the University of Pittsburgh since 1980. Twenty patients have required 27 upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopic procedures. After heart transplantation the primary indications for endoscopy were epigastric pain (six patients with gastritis, one with multiple shallow gastric ulcers, and one with normal test results), mild upper GI bleeding (four patients with esophagitis, two with gastritis, and two with multiple shallow gastric ulcers), dysphagia and odynophagia (two patients with esophagitis), persistent nausea and vomiting (one with normal test results), lower GI bleeding (one with normal test results), and routine follow-up (one with normal test results). After heart-lung transplantation the primary indications for the endoscopy were massive upper GI bleeding (three patients with actively bleeding duodenal ulcers), dysphagia and odynophagia (one patient with esophagitis), mild upper GI bleeding (one patient with gastritis), and routine follow-up (one patient with normal test results). No complications resulted from endoscopy. The procedures were performed in the GI suite without cardiac monitoring. Prophylactic antibiotics were not routinely administered. No patient had a fungal infection of the upper GI tract--a finding attributed to the prophylactic use of nystatin in all patients. Opportunistic viral infections were identified histologically in six patients, including two patients with actively bleeding duodenal ulcers. The possibility of opportunistic viral infections in this immunosuppressed group required aggressive diagnostic techniques, including endoscopy and biopsy, which can be safely performed after cardiac transplantation.
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PMID:Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy after cardiac transplantation. 327 3

Of 53 patients with scleroderma (43 women and 10 men) evaluated by esophagoscopy and biopsy, 32 (60%) had erosive esophagitis. Symptoms of heartburn and dysphagia were significantly more frequent in the patients who had erosive esophagitis but often were present in those without this condition. Abnormal motility characterized by loss of peristalsis in the distal esophagus was present in all patients with erosive esophagitis, including the 5 who were asymptomatic. No patient with normal esophageal motility had erosive esophagitis at endoscopy. The patients with erosive esophagitis also had significantly diminished lower esophageal sphincter pressures and increased frequency and duration of gastroesophageal reflux episodes. Stricture was present in 13 of 32 patients with erosive esophagitis and was absent in the other 21 patients. The duration of disease, rate of gastric emptying, and fungal smear and culture were not significantly different in those with or without esophagitis. Treatment of fungal infection for a month had little beneficial effect. The pattern of esophageal motility in scleroderma identifies high and low risk groups for esophagitis and stricture, and can be used to select those who require further investigation, irrespective of symptoms.
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PMID:Esophagitis in scleroderma. Prevalence and risk factors. 349 74

This paper describes the outcome of treatment of 30 cases of guttural pouch mycosis by ligation of the internal carotid artery on the cardiac side of the lesion and lavage of the affected pouch with natamycin. Twenty-three horses recovered fully following this treatment while laryngeal hemiplegia persisted in one case and slight dysphagia caused by pharyngeal hemiplegia in another. The remaining five horses died or were destroyed. Five horses with guttural pouch mycosis, which had shown no epistaxis but had pharyngeal hemiplegia, were treated by topical natamycin alone. Only two of these survived, of which one remained slightly dysphagic. Ligation of the internal carotid artery of the cardiac side of the lesion is an effective means of reducing the chance of fatal epistaxis in cases of guttural pouch mycosis. Some cases of pharyngeal hemiplegia can make a complete recovery although it may take 12 to 18 months.
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PMID:Outcome of treatment in 35 cases of guttural pouch mycosis. 350 40

Eighteen cancer patients receiving intensive chemotherapy developed leukopenia, fever, dysphagia, and oropharyngeal soreness. Superficial esophageal ulceration suggestive of esophagitis was demonstrated by radiographic examination in 33% of the patients (5/15). Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed superficial ulceration and white mucosal patches in all patients. There was no morbidity associated with the endoscopic procedures. Sixty-one percent of the patients (11/18) had monilia albicans cultured from the oropharyngeal cavity, and 50% (9/18) had monilia cultured from the esophageal lesions. The evolution of the esophagitis correlated well with the survival of the patients. The monilial esophagitis persisted in six patients who all died within 24 days of systemic moniliasis. After initial improvement five additional patients succumbed; three of them from severe fungal infection. There was resolution of the esophagitis in the remaining seven patients who survived longer. However, two of them had recurrent monilial esophagitis and succumbed to systemic candidiasis. The other five have remained free of esophagitis, their underlying malignancies have remained under control, and so far they have survived an average of one and a half years. Endoscopy is more accurate than radiography in detecting postchemotherapy esophagitis. This complication can be fatal, since it is often followed by systemic candidiasis.
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PMID:Postchemotherapy esophagitis: the endoscopic diagnosis and its impact on survival. 378 62

Opportunistic infection of the upper gastrointestinal tract by cytomegalovirus (CMV) or invasive fungal infection was studied in 219 consecutive kidney and kidney/pancreas transplant recipients with regard to incidence, presentation, and clinical outcome. Prompt upper endoscopy was done in all patients with these symptoms: dyspepsia, dysphagia, or bleeding. Multiple biopsies were obtained for fungal culture, CMV culture, CMV assay, and histologic examination for fungal invasion. Between April 1991 and July 1993, 57/219 (26%) transplant patients developed upper gastrointestinal symptoms. At endoscopy, gross mucosal abnormality was evident in 48/57 (84%). Opportunistic infection was found in 21/48 (44%); however, CMV infection was also detected in 2/9 (22%) who had a normal study. Overall, CMV was present in 15/57 (26%) and invasive fungal infection in 8/57 (14%). All 23 infections were successfully eradicated. Opportunistic infection occurred in 12/31 (39%) with dyspepsia, 9/14 (64%) with dysphagia, and 2/12 (17%) with bleeding. Graft loss occurred in 5/23 (22%) with opportunistic infection vs 23/196 (12%) other recipients. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms are indicative of serious opportunistic infection in a significant number of transplant recipients. As opportunistic infection may jeopardize allograft function, all patients with upper gastrointestinal tract symptoms require prompt endoscopy and biopsy to effect appropriate therapy. Random biopsy is also recommended in the face of a normal endoscopic examination.
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PMID:Opportunistic upper gastrointestinal infection in transplant recipients. 759 82

The authors present a case of 60-year-old woman who suffered from a mycosis (Candidosis) infection of the ectopic lingual thyroid gland. Intensive inflammatory process caused enlargement of lingual goiter and dysphagia occurred consequently. Right diagnosis was made after scyntygraphic examination (the presence of lingual thyroid gland only), as well as histopathological and microbiological examinations which revealed the presence of Candida forms. Recovery was achieved after 5 weeks of antifungal treatment--Diflucan during a 2-week initial period, then followed by 3 weeks of local treatment with nystatin.
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PMID:[Mycosis infection (candidiasis) of the lingual thyroid gland]. 959 32


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