Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The occurrence of secondary deposits in the esophagus from cutaneous melanoma has rarely been reported in medical literature. Since esophageal deposits may present as dysphagia, it is important that the clinical picture be defined. Such a case is presented, and the typical radiological appearance described. Surgical treatment for secondary melanoma deposits may be dictated by the need for palliation of symptoms, but the long-term results are poor.
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PMID:Metastatic malignant melanoma of the esophagus. 115 18

Primary noncarcinomatous malignant neoplasms of the esophagus are uncommon and data concerning treatment and results are sparse. To evaluate the results of therapy in this group, we reviewed the records of 32 patients with primary esophageal malignant tumors of unusual histologic type. Thirteen patients (41%) had sarcoma, eight (25%) melanoma, and 11 (34%) had oat cell carcinoma. Dysphagia was present in 78% (25/32) of the patients for a median of 13 weeks before diagnosis. Location of the esophageal primary tumor was upper third in four patients (12%), middle third in 12 (38%), and lower third in 16 (50%). Treatment consisted of esophagectomy in 10 of 13 patients with sarcoma (77%), seven of eight with melanoma (88%), and three of 11 with oat cell carcinoma (27%). Patients not undergoing resection received chemotherapy or radiation therapy, or both. The 3- and 5-year survival rates were 46% and 23% for sarcoma (median 20 months), 13% and 0% for melanoma (median 5 months), and 0% and 0% for oat cell carcinoma (median 5 months), respectively. Distant disease was the initial form of recurrence in 73% (11/15) of patients undergoing curative therapy. Surgical resection appears indicated for localized primary esophageal sarcoma. Optimum treatment of primary esophageal melanoma is less clear, but surgical resection may be of benefit in selected patients. Esophageal oat cell carcinoma is a systemic disease necessitating systemic therapy with local therapy reserved for palliation of dysphagia.
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PMID:Unusual malignant neoplasms of the esophagus. Oat cell carcinoma, melanoma, and sarcoma. 170 94

Primary esophageal melanoma is a rare tumor. A 35 year old male with primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus is reported. He presented with dysphagia and weight loss. At autopsy a fusiform polypoidal growth was seen in the middle third of the esophagus. Microscopic sections showed a malignant melanoma in an in situ as well as invasive form.
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PMID:Primary malignant melanoma of esophagus. 191 58

We report four cases of malignant melanoma of the esophagus treated at the National Cancer Center Hospital in Tokyo over a period of 28 years. There were three men and one woman. One patient had been diagnosed as having Werner's syndrome. The three male patients smoked and were alcohol drinkers. The chief complaint was dysphagia--three patients--and pain on swallowing--one patient. All the tumors were polypoid, and three were large at the time of initial diagnosis. Histological diagnoses were made by examining endoscopic biopsy specimens, and confirmed with resected specimens in three cases. Esophagectomy was performed in three patients, the other receiving radiotherapy. Three patients died of recurrent disease in a rather short period of time, as in many reported cases. The mean survival for the three patients was eight months. The fourth, who had a superficial polypoid lesion and received esophagectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy, lived for 29 months. The combination of early detection and extended radical surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy may offer a better prognosis than in the past.
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PMID:Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus: report of four cases. 194 60

Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus is very rare, and only 139 cases have been described in all the world literature. We present one case of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus in a 76-year-old woman who reported the symptoms of dysphagia and recent weight loss; the radiography showed a large polypoid mass filling the entire lower half of the esophagus, dark brown-black in the endoscopy. Histologic analysis demonstrated the existence of a malignant melanoma infiltrating the esophageal mucosa, composed of anaplastic cells with abundant brown pigment which had positive immunoreactivity for the S-100 protein.
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PMID:[Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus]. 227 1

Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus is an uncommon neoplasm. The world literature reports only 139 cases. It is mainly a disease of older age, predominantly in the 6th and 7th decades, with a male-to-female ratio of 2 to 1. Of all published cases, 60 (43.16%) occurred in the lower third, 40 (28.77%) in the middle third, 25 (17.98%) at the junction of the middle and lower thirds, and 14 (10.07%) in the upper third. Dysphagia was the commonest symptom and was found in 79.5% of cases. The tumors were polypoid, pedunculated, often pigmented, and usually presented as clinically advanced neoplasms. The histological and cytological features were similar to those of lentigo maligna melanoma, but with a more aggressive biological behavior. Hematogenous and lymphatic metastases were common. The overall survival was 9.8 months, and two-thirds of the patients died within a year of diagnosis, irrespective of therapeutic modalities. Deaths were disease-related in 85% of cases. It is concluded that, for operable patients, radical surgical resection is the treatment of choice, either for palliation or for cure, with a 5-yr survival of 4.2%. Irradiation is useful as a palliative or adjuvant measure. The roles of chemotherapy and immunostimulation need further evaluation.
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PMID:Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus. 237 95

An unusual case of primary esophageal melanoma is reported herein. A 68 year old man who had experienced occasional dysphagia for about one month without suffering any weight loss was admitted to our department. An esophagogram revealed two lobulated masses and esophagoscopy showed a pigmented tumor in one of the masses. Curative surgery was thus performed through a right thoracotomy. The macroscopic appearance of the resected specimen was very unusual and it was subsequently proven to be primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus by histological examination. Postoperatively, cyclophosphamide and interleukin-2 were administered intravenously, followed by lymphokine-activated killer therapy. However, multiple liver metastases were found on a CT scan, 3 months after the operation and he died about 1 month later. The operative indications for primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus are discussed in this report.
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PMID:Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus--a case report. 281 Sep 64

We report the case of a 74-year-old woman who was admitted to hospital with progressive dysphagia. Further examinations revealed a tumor in the esophagus in which the macroscopic aspect and the histological work-up showed a primary malignant melanoma. The histogenesis of primary malignant melanoma in the esophagus is discussed, and a short review of the literature presented.
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PMID:Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus. 379 82

Cutaneous malignant melanoma sometimes metastasizes to the upper respiratory and digestive tracts. It may cause significant local symptoms such as airway obstruction and dysphagia, and, in some cases, may represent the initial manifestation of disseminated disease. Of the 8,823 patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma seen at The University of Texas-M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute at Houston between 1944 and 1983, metastases to this region developed in 54 patients. The most common sites involved were the tonsil, tongue, nasopharynx, larynx, and lip. Five of ten cases in which an autopsy was performed were noted to have previously undiagnosed metastatic mucosal lesions. We conclude that metastases to the upper aerodigestive tract in patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma is a distinct possibility. Melanoma patients who manifest symptoms localized to this region should be carefully examined to exclude the possibility of metastatic tumor, since alternative treatment may be required. Local endoscopic treatment may be necessary to relieve airway or digestive tract obstruction.
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PMID:Upper aerodigestive tract metastases in disseminated malignant melanoma. 396 53

A 31-year-old white man presented with a 30-day history of dysphagia without weight loss. Esophagogram revealed a lobulated mass at the junction of the middle and lower third of the esophagus. Esophagoscopy showed the presence of a pigmented tumor at that level. Histological examination indicated that the tumor was a primary malignant melanoma. Partial esophagectomy was performed through a right thoracotomy incision, revealing hilar lymph nodes invaded by tumor. One month postoperatively, the patient died from extensive brain metastases.
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PMID:Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus in a young adult. 400 70


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