Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A rare case of extraskeletal ossification in the parapharyngeal region related to C2 cervical vertebra was observed in a child, without any history of trauma, inflammation or endocrinological disease. One-step surgical intervention was carried out from the side of the neck and pharynx making possible complete removal of the lesion. The girl was admitted to the hospital with dysphagia and breathing difficulties increasing in the last 6 months. During that time the child was observed in laryngological hospital departments. After the operation Horner syndrome and hypoglossal paresis developed, but presently the child is without symptoms.
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PMID:[A case of heterotopic ossification in the parapharyngeal region connected with the C2 vertebra in a 9-year-old girl]. 140 22

Dysphagia and postural disorders are the most important symptoms of the Wallenberg [correction of Wallemberg] syndrome, which takes in a considerable number of neurological symptoms including an alternate sensitive syndrome, the Claude Bernard Horner syndrome, paralysis of the half palate, of the half pharynx and of the vocal fold on the side of the injury, a vestibular syndrome and, finally, a cerebellar hemisyndrome. In the course of this study, four patients with the Wallenberg [correction of Wallemberg] syndrome were examined and underwent further periodical checks after injury. All the patients were fed employing a naso-gastric tube and in one case an emergency tracheostomy was performed because acute dyspnea. The diagnostic protocol following included the collection of a series of anamnestic data, an objective study of U.A.D.T. with fiberoptic endoscopy, swallowing simulation, dynamic radiologic examination (videofluoroscopy) and computerized static posturography. This routine was repeated upon every successive check. During the first observation a substantial uniformity of physiopathological characteristics was found in all the patients. Following logopedic and rehabilitation treatment, a high degree of diversity in the results obtained was observed in three patients (one of the patients was absent from successive checks). The most interesting phenomenon was the difference in time necessary to rehabilitate the swallowing reflex only after which it was possible to reassume oral alimentation. After two months of physiokinesitherapy, computerized static posturography, which initially revealed a sharp increase in the number of oscillations, showed a partial improvement of the postural disease with a reduction in oscillation amplitude. Even though the number of case followed was limited, our experience encourages us to underline importance of immediate rehabilitation therapy and of the collaboration of patients and their family members.
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PMID:[Wallenberg's syndrome: an assessment of the dysphagic and postural symptomatology]. 141 25

A 65-year old man suffering from dysphagia with aspiration was examined. ENT examination showed a Horner syndrome and cranial nerve palsy with paralysis of the soft palate and one vocal cord (palatolaryngeal hemiplegia, Avellis' syndrome). Pharyngeal manometry and videofluoroscopy depicted an asynergic swallowing with cricopharyngeal achalasia. CT scans of mediastinum, head, neck, and skull base showed no signs of abnormality. MR imaging of the brain stem demonstrated an enrichment of contrast medium in the dorsal region of the upper medulla oblongata in the level of the centre of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerve. This case demonstrates an uncommon cause of dysphagia which was related to transitory brain stem ischaemia. After a period of three weeks the patients' complaints vanished as well as the clinical features. In a follow-up of MR-imaging three months later no focal enhancement of contrast medium was seen confirming the diagnosis of a brain stem ischaemic lesion.
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PMID:["Palatolaryngeal hemiplegia" in transient brain stem ischemia--a contribution to neurogenic dysphagia]. 146 69

We attempted to define effects of stellate ganglion block (SGB) at the base of 6th cervical transverse process by evaluating extent and degree of sympathetic blockade after SGB using the infrared thermography. Ten healthy volunteers (7 females, 3 males, age 26.0 years) were subjects of this study. Two different volumes (5 or 10 ml) of 1% plain mepivacaine were used (B5 group and B10 group). We performed SGB twice using two different volumes in all subjects on different day. Thermography was performed before and 30 minutes after SGB. On thenar and hypothenar, change of skin temperature in the B10 group tended to be higher compared with the B5 group. There were no significant differences in forehead or cheek temperature between the two groups. The thermographic whole hot area pattern on the ipsilateral hand after SGB in B10 group (60%) tended to be more frequent compared with the B5 group (40%). All subjects showed Horner's sign. No severe side-effect occurred in either group, but complaints of dysphagia appeared more frequently in the B10 group (80%) than in B5 group (40%). The change of skin temperature on thenar and hypothenar after B5 was significantly larger than that after the SGB at the top of the anterior tubercle of 6th cervical transverse process (P less than 0.05). In conclusion, B10 had more effect on lower cervical and upper thoracic sympathetic nerves than B5, but it also had a significant incidence of dysphagia feeling. Concerning the effect of the lower cervical and upper thoracic sympathetic block, B5 was superior to the SGB at the top of the anterior tubercle of 6th cervical transverse process.
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PMID:[Thermographic assessments of the sympathetic blockade after stellate ganglion block (no. 3)--the block at the base of the 6th cervical transverse process]. 154 90

Spontaneous dissections of the internal carotid arteries are uncommon but are not rare. They constitute a fairly common cause of ischemic stroke in young patients (young in terms of the age at which strokes generally occur). The common presenting manifestations are (1) unilateral headaches followed after a period of delay by focal cerebral ischemic symptoms or (2) unilateral headaches and ipsilateral incomplete Horner's syndrome. These may or may not be associated with subjective or objective bruits. In rare instances, spontaneous dissections of the internal carotid arteries may present as lower cranial nerve palsies and cause dysphonia, dysarthria, dysphagia, and numbness of the throat. Affected patients may initially present to the otolaryngologist or be referred to one. This article describes eight patients with spontaneous dissections of the internal carotid arteries and lower cranial nerve palsies, and the pertinent literature is reviewed.
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PMID:Spontaneous dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery. Presentation with lower cranial nerve palsies. 155 74

We studied effects of two methods of stellate ganglion block (SGB) by evaluating the extent and strength of sympathetic blockade using infrared thermography, and classifying thermographic hot areas in the ipsilateral hand after SGB. Twenty healthy volunteers (18 females, 2 males, age 29.7 +/- 7.7 years) were subjects for this study. C7 and C6-SGBs were performed on each subject using 5 ml of 1% plain mepivacaine at the anterior face of 7th cervical transverse process in C7-SGB or at the top of the anterior tubercle of 6th cervical transverse process in C6-SGB. Thermography was performed before and 30 minutes after SGB. On the thenar and the hypothenar as well as the second, and the fourth finger tips, changes of skin temperature in the C7-SGB group were significantly larger than those in the C6-SGB group (P less than 0.05). There were no significant differences on the forehead or the cheek between the two groups. Thermographic hot areas on the ipsilateral hand after SGB were classified into three patterns as follows; whole hot area, partial hot area and absent hot area. Frequency of whole hot area pattern in the C7-SGB group (65%) was significantly higher than the one (30%) in the C6-SGB group (P less than 0.05). Frequency of absent hot area pattern in the C7-SGB group (5%) was significantly lower than the one (35%) in the C6-SGB group (P less than 0.05). All subjects showed Horner's sign. No severe side-effect occurred in either group, but complaints of dysphagia appeared significantly more frequently in the C6-SGB group than in C7-SGB (P less than 0.05). In conclusion, C7-SGB was considered to be superior to C6-SGB in strength and certainty of the lower cervical and upper thoracic sympathetic blockade, with less of side-effects.
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PMID:[Thermographic assessments of the sympathetic blockade by stellate ganglion block (2)--Comparison and analysis of thermographic patterns between C7-SGB and C6-SGB in 20 healthy volunteers]. 207 10

We reported a 71-year-old male with lateral medullary syndrome presented acute respiratory arrest after ataxic respiration. The patient had experienced transient diplopia repeatedly for about 2 weeks and then the developed persistent diplopia and vertigo. On the third day he was admitted to our hospital because of neurological deterioration and aspiration pneumonia. He showed left Horner's sign and double vision. And he had sensory disturbances of pain and temperature in the left face and the right side of the body, left limb ataxia and truncal ataxia. He showed dysarthria, severe dysphagia and left mild central facial paresis, but no hemiparesis. This case was clinically considered to be a typical case of left lateral medullary syndrome. When he was admitted to our hospital, he showed hypoxia with hypercapnea in spite of no history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This condition was considered to be a central alveolar hypoventilation. He had two episodes of sudden-onset respiratory arrest following ataxic respiration on the 4th and 5th days, but no cardiac arrest. He was supported his respiration by mechanical ventilation until he was able to breathe spontaneously on the 29th day. The 22nd day MRI disclosed high intensity area in the left lateral and dorso-medial medulla in T2-weighted image, and this lesion was 1.5 cm in length. Therefore this case was diagnosed medullary infarction. This case developed ipsilateral facial pain in chronic stage. Pain existed around the eye and in the cheek, and pain was like toothache and unbearable like thalamic pain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of medullary infarction presented lateral medullary syndrome and respiratory arrest after ataxic respiration]. 268 32

Eleven cases presenting a syndrome of the medulla oblongata are discussed with reference to the findings of clinical and angiographic investigation. The diagnosis of Wallenberg's syndrome is justified when the classic symptoms are apparent (Horner's syndrome, nystagmus, dysphonia and dysphagia, ataxia, ipsilateral sensory impairment of the face and contralateral elsewhere, and accompanying vegetative disturbances). If additional symptoms such as a facial or extra-ocular muscle paresis, especially hemiparesis, exist, another, more lateral or medial, syndrome of the oblongata should be considered. Angiographic findings vary considerably, ranging from a normal vertebral artery or posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) to an occlusion of these arteries (in three and two of the 11 cases respectively). Modification are often seen in the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA). A kind of complementary supply in the PICA-AICA region must occasionally exist. Localised processes affecting these vessels rather than diffuse multifocal vascular processes would lead to Wallenberg's syndrome. It is difficult to conclude from the clinical picture where a possible responsible vascular narrowing or obliteration may lie, even if pareses of the limb were present.
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PMID:[Clinical and angiographic findings in vascular medullary syndromes (author's transl)]. 731 26

The authors describe their experience with the Morscher titanium cervical plate with cancellous locking screws in the management of complex cervical spine disorders. Fifty patients (32 males and 18 females) with a mean age of 54 years (range 10 to 84 years) underwent anterior spinal fixation that extended two to five vertebral bodies, using a titanium cervical plate and autogenous bone graft. Surgeries were performed for a variety of reasons: one for a congenital lesion, five for spinal neoplasms, nine for trauma, and 35 for degenerative arthritides. Ten patients had symptomatic kyphoses due to previous laminectomy, failed anterior surgery, or trauma. Satisfactory fixation and fusion with no neurological deterioration was obtained in all but two cases. Specific complications included six cases of dysphagia, one of sepsis, one of Horner's syndrome, and one case in which the patient had a fatal myocardial infarction the night after surgery. At the end of the follow-up period, fusion was found to have occurred in all remaining cases with no outstanding implant-related problems.
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PMID:One-stage internal fixation and anterior fusion in complex cervical spinal disorders. 781 51

A 38-year-old man hit his forehead against a steel pipe, which made his neck hyperextended. He noticed unsteady gait and dysphagia approximately 6 hours after the accident. On the next day he was admitted. He had a Horner's syndrome, and pharyngeal and palatal weakness on the right side. There were no pyramidal tract signs. He could not balance on his right foot or gait tandemly. Sensation for cold and pin-prick was absent on his left limbs; position sense was intact. Angiography demonstrated an occlusion of the right vertebral artery at the 3rd segment. Cranial MRI demonstrated an infarction in the right lateral medulla. A radiogram demonstrated an atlanto-axial instability. There was an anomalous bone mass between the left superior articular process and the odontoid process. These abnormalities might have precipitated injury of the vertebral artery during the minor neck trauma. The plasma levels of molecular markers for coagulation and fibrinolysis were unremarkable. In contrast, beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 levels were high, suggesting activated platelet aggregation. To my knowledge, this is the first report showing evidence for platelet activation at the molecular level early in the course of vertebral artery thrombosis following a minor neck trauma.
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PMID:[Wallenberg's syndrome following minor neck trauma: a case associated with atlanto-axial subluxation, an anomaly of the axis, and platelet activation]. 852 48


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