Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An 81-year-old man suffered a spontaneous rupture of the thoracic aorta through an atheromatous plaque, leading to total dysphagia and eventual esophageal infarction.
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PMID:Esophageal infarction complicating spontaneous rupture of the thoracic aorta. 57 62

Atypical dementias confront the adequacy of current diagnostic concepts. The two patients with atypical dementia syndromes described here shared common postmortem features of numerous neocortical neuritic (senile) plaques and microvascular amyloid, sparing of hippocampus and substantia nigra, and the virtual absence of neurofibrillary tangles. Microscopically, the two differed only by the presence of a few subcortical Lewy bodies in case 1. These similar morphologic features were associated with dramatically different clinical presentations. In the first patient, visual hallucinations, Capgras' syndrome, cognitive slowing, myoclonus, parkinsonism, and primitive reflexes evolved over 3 years. Memory and language were relatively spared. In the second, dysphagia, nonfluent aphasia, hypophonia, motor perseveration, and a severe disorder of attention developed during this 18-month illness. At autopsy, an unrecognized colon malignancy was found. Despite high neuritic plaque counts in cortex, neither the clinical nor the pathologic criteria for Alzheimer's disease adequately describe either case. The cases will be examined first as clinical, then as neuropathologic, entities. From this approach, we conclude that a specific clinical dementia syndrome may be expressed by several neuropathologic "diseases" and that a variety of clinical syndromes may represent a single neuropathologic diagnosis. This strategy identifies a conceptual dichotomy between Alzheimer's syndrome and postmortem Alzheimer's disease. Meticulous clinical and neuropathologic observation is essential in advancing an understanding of the relationship between the two.
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PMID:Alzheimer's disease or plaque disease? Two cases at the frontier of a definition. 141 64

Cervical exenteration is a radical operation to remove the larynx, portion of the trachea, and the esophagus, and frequently requires a mediastinal tracheostomy. Highly selected patients with obstructing neoplasms of the esophagus and airway can be palliated and sometimes cured by this aggressive surgical approach. Fatal hemorrhage from pressure or exposure of the innominate artery is avoided by elective division of the artery (preoperative angiograms and intraoperative electroencephalographic control are essential), using the omentum to separate the trachea and great vessels, and removal of a bony plaque of chest wall to allow a well-vascularized bipedicled skin flap to drop into the mediastinum for the tracheocutaneous anastomosis. Eighteen exenterations were performed. Mediastinal tracheostomy was performed in 14 patients and division of the innominate artery was performed in 7. Esophageal replacement was predominantly with the left colon. Complications include esophageal leak (2 patients), stomal separation (2), transient hemiplegia (1), colonic obstruction by substernal tunnel (1), and need for prolonged mechanical ventilation (4). There was a single operative death. Postoperative survival was disease dependent. All patients achieved an excellent airway and relief from dysphagia.
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PMID:Cervical exenteration. 217 69

A case of granular cell tumor of the esophagus was reported. A 48-year-old man was admitted with a history of intermittent dysphagia and postprandial substernal discomfort. Esophagography demonstrated a 3 cm filling defect in the lower portion of the esophagus. Esophagoscopy identified a white-yellowish, plaque-like tumor with small ulceration on the posterior esophageal wall of 35 cm distant from the incisor teeth. Because of the high suspicion of esophageal cancer, esophageal resection with retrosternal esophagogastrostomy was performed on March 21, 1980. The surgical specimen revealed a 2.5 X 2.5 cm submucosal tumor with superficial ulcer near the esophagogastric junction, and histologically it was diagnosed as granular cell tumor. Postoperative course was uneventful. Clinical features of this lesion were reviewed in 69 cases in the literature.
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PMID:[Granular cell tumor of the esophagus: a case report and a review of the literature]. 649 86

A 77-year-old male was hospitalised following haematemesis of sudden onset. Emergency endoscopy revealed an oesophageal ulcer 5 cms in length. Biopsies taken from the margin of this lesion showed severe dysplastic changes. The patient was seen one month later, at which time his general condition was good, and there was no dysphagia. A second endoscopy showed that the ulcer had healed, and in its place was found a mucous plaque which was redder than normal. This plaque was iodonegative. Biopsies taken from this region confirmed a diagnosis of carcinoma in situ of the oesophagus. To our knowledge this is the first recorded case in which a malignant ulcer has healed.
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PMID:Healing of malignant ulceration in a case of early oesophageal carcinoma presenting as haematemesis. 687 65

The clinicopathological features of 10 cases of superficial oesophageal carcinoma without lymph node metastasis are reported. Superficial oesophageal carcinoma, an uncommon form of oesophageal cancer, is defined as invasive squamous cell carcinoma confined to the mucosa and submucosa. It includes plaque-like, erosive, papillary and occult types but is not associated with the usual macroscopic features of advanced oesophageal cancer. The main presenting symptom of dysphagia and oesophagitis is a frequently quoted endoscopic diagnosis. Superficial oesophageal carcinoma may be preceded by dysplastic and in situ carcinomatous changes and is probable oesophageal counterpart to early gastric cancer.
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PMID:Superficial oesophageal carcinoma: an oesophageal counterpart of early gastric cancer. 728 13

In 10 patients presenting with acute recurrent dysphagia, seen over a 4-year period, idiopathic, eosinophilic esophagitis (IEE) was diagnosed. The diagnosis was confirmed histologically. Dysphagia of other causes or other diseases causing eosinophilic infiltration was ruled out. Endoscopy showed discrete white structures in the esophagus which were partly finely reticular or plaque-like in 9 of the 10 patients. Of these one had a web and another a mucosal ring. Peripheral eosinophilia and elevated IgE-levels were found in 70% of the cases. To date IEE has been thought to be a rare disorder. Emerging evidence suggests its prevalence has been underestimated. It may also be the most frequent form of eosinophilic gastroenteropathy. The flat, only endoscopically visible form may be more common than the proliferative type. With knowledge of the typical history and of the distinct endoscopic pattern, and with adequate diagnostic workup, the disease will be found more often in the future. Prompt diagnosis also avoids further diagnostic procedures and permits rapid remission through treatment with steroids and antihistamines.
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PMID:[Idiopathic eosinophilic esophagitis: a frequently overlooked disease with typical clinical aspects and discrete endoscopic findings]. 793 9

Children with esophageal burns due to toxic ingestion are medically compromised in many ways. They have problems like strictures in esophagus, dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux and necessity to be fed with a special soft diet. Taking these distinctive features into consideration, we aimed to study these children with special focus on the dental caries risk. The experimental group consisted of 33 children between 2 and 14 years old (mean age 6.42 +/- 0.56) who had received stricture treatment in the Pediatric Surgery Department of our university. The control group consisted of 20 healthy children aged between 3 and 14 (mean age 7.25 +/- 0.7) who applied to the Pedodontics department for dental treatment. While mean dfs (+/- SE) was 11.13 +/- 2.30 and mean DMFs (+/- SE) was 9.79 +/- 4.76 in the experimental group, mean dfs (+/- SE) was found as 11.53 +/- 2.16 and mean DMFS (+/- SE) was 1.90 +/- 0.56 in control group. For the determination of Streptococcus mutans (SM), Lactobacilli (LB) and Buffer capacity (BC), salivary tests of Dentocult SM (Vivacult SM Vivadent-Liechtenstein), Dentocult LB (Vivacult LB-Vivadent-Liechtenstein) and Dentobuff (Vivacult BC-Vivadent-Liechtenstein) were applied to both groups. Our findings were evaluated statistically and compared by the Mann Whitney Confidence Test. The amount of Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilli and the level of buffering capacity in the children with esophageal burns showed a high caries risk. Positive correlations were found between SM and LB, SM and dfs, LB and dfs levels and DMFs and duration of stricture treatment (p < 0.05). However, negative correlations were found between BC and DMFs, DMFs and tooth brushing habit, dental visit and DMFs (p < 0.05). The mean DMFs, LB and SM levels were lower and BC levels were higher in the control group. Although a significant difference was found between DMFs scores (p < 0.05), no significant difference was found between LB, BC, SM and dfs levels (p > 0.05). It could be concluded that children with esophageal burns have high dental caries risk and for this reason parental counseling about oral hygiene, diet, dental plaque controlling and preventive dental regimens have an importance in these medically compromised children.
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PMID:Salivary Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilli levels and buffer capacity in children with esophageal burns. 1131 25

Patients with dysphagia typically have poor oral health. Because of improper swallowing, they cannot easily and safely clean their mouths. As a solution for such a problem, a manual toothbrush with both irrigation and suctioning functions has been developed, called the "e-Brush". The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cleaning effectiveness of the new e-Brush (9 mm and 11 mm in bristle length) for removing supragingival plaque, compared with a conventional toothbrush, GUM # 211 by Butler. In this study, 12 subjects (12 female of average age 20.6) were selected, and plaque control record (PCR) and scrubbing method were used. The following results were obtained: 1. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were recognized between e-Brush/9 mm (55.54 +/- 18.27%) and the others (e-Brush/11 mm: 30.88 +/- 8.14%, GUM # 211: 35.42 +/- 9.32%). 2. Bristles 9 mm in length were more effective than 11 mm bristles (p < 0.05). 3. Irrigation/suctioning function is more effective than the conventional tooth-brushing method. 4. The irrigation function of e-Brush was meritorious in making almost all users comfortable. These results suggest that this new oral hygiene device, "e-Brush/9 mm", is effective for improving oral care management for patients with dysphagia.
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PMID:[Effectiveness of a new toothbrush with irrigation and suctioning capabilities (ty e-Brush) for removing supragingival plaque]. 1182 40

The purpose of the present study was to investigate some symptoms related to dysphagia, comprehensive health status, and oral care in the frail elderly. The subjects were 92 elderly individuals (30 men, 62 women) above 65 years in a nursing home. The risk factors of dysphagia were evaluated by 15 items of self-assessment and 18 items of assessment by their caregivers. Both assessments contained 12 identical items. Basic ADL, cognitive status, and QOL were evaluated by the Barthel index, HDS-R, and PGC morale scale respectively. The status of oral care was evaluated by the frequency of tooth cleaning a day and the number of total anaerobic bacteria or streptococci in the dental plaque. "Chewing difficulty with hard food" was frequently found (21.74%) in the self-assessment, while "fever" was frequently found in the caregiver's assessment (20.65%). Also, in the duplicate items in both assessments, "anamnesis of pneumonia" showed a high agreement (k = 0.85), while "decline of appetite" had a low agreement (k = 0.27). These results suggest that dual assessment is effective to detect dysphagia. We also investigated the relationship among dysphagia, comprehensive health status, and oral hygiene. The status of dysphagia was related only to the Barthel index (p < 0.01). These results suggest that subjects with decreased basic ADL tend to have some risk factors related to dysphagia, and that subjects with dysphagia risk factors need to improve oral care to prevent aspiration pneumonia.
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PMID:[Care assessment related to dysphagia in the frail elderly]. 1514 61


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