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Query: UMLS:C0011168 (dysphagia)
 15,644 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thoracic aortic aneurysm is a rare clinical entity that is usually asymptomatic. Failure to treat this type of aneurysm can prove fatal. Here, the authors report a case of thoracic aortic aneurysm causing chronically worsening compressive symptoms including dysphagia. This was diagnosed following a suspicious chest radiograph, and confirmed with thoracic CT angiogram. These symptoms remitted over a period of months following thoracic endovascular repair of the aneurysm. Aneurysmal compression and deviation of the oesophagus is noticeably reduced following repair. This is one of few cases in the literature of a remittance of dysphagia following endovascular aneurysm repair, and highlights that rare causes of dysphagia ought not to be disregarded.
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PMID:Dysphagia due to thoracic aortic aneurysm, relieved by thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair: a case report and review of the literature. 2267 48

Thoracic aortic aneurysms are life threatening because of the risk of rupture. Moreover, aneurysm enlargement can lead to additional complications, including bronchial and esophageal obstruction. We report an 80-year-old man with a 7-cm diameter thoracic aortic aneurysm resulting in near-complete left main bronchial obstruction and significant dysphagia. He had a number of intensive care unit admissions for respiratory failure and had lost more than 10 kilograms. Under spinal anesthesia, he underwent endovascular thoracic aortic aneurysm repair. Postoperatively, he had left main bronchial total obstruction treated with a bronchial stent. He then recovered uneventfully and was discharged to home.
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PMID:Endobronchial and endovascular management of bronchial compression by a thoracic aortic aneurysm. 2273 93

A 70-year-old man reported dysphagia two months after undergoing thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). An endoscopic examination revealed a fistula between the esophagus and the thoracic aortic aneurysm, and computed tomography (CT) showed that the thoracic aortic aneurysm had increased in size. The patient was diagnosed with an aortoesophageal fistula (AEF), and surgical replacement of the thoracic aorta was performed. AEFs are a rare but typically fatal complication after TEVAR. Physicians should consider a diagnosis of AEF and perform endoscopic examinations and CT in patients who undergo TEVAR and subsequently complain of dysphagia.
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PMID:Aortoesophageal fistula after thoracic endovascular aortic repair diagnosed and followed with endoscopy. 2341

Aorto-oesophageal fistula refers to a rarely encountered communication between the aorta and the oesophagus that results in massive and lethal haemorrhage into the upper gastrointestinal tract. Although the time between the initial haemorrhage and the terminal event may be days, a clinical diagnosis may not be established by the time of autopsy. A fistulous tract develops between the aorta and the oesophagus most commonly due to expansion of a thoracic aortic aneurysm or from an ingested foreign body. Less common causes include infiltrating neoplasms, oesophageal ulceration, vascular rings and iatrogenic lesions. Three cases are presented to illustrate the features of such cases due to aortic dissection, bronchial carcinoma and tuberculosis. Cases should be suspected if there has been a history of midthoracic pain or dysphagia, a 'herald' haemorrhage and then massive fatal haematemesis with bright red blood. Careful dissection at autopsy is required to demonstrate the site of the fistulous tract.
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PMID:Lethal aorto-oesophageal fistula - characteristic features and aetiology. 2347 96

Phrenic nerve palsy causing hemidiaphragm paralysis is a very uncommon feature of thoracic aortic aneurysm. In one case, a 45-year-old man complained of chronic chest pain, dysphagia, and hoarseness of voice; posteroanterior view chest radiograph revealed lobular enlargement of the superior mediastinum and elevated right hemidiaphragm. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the thorax revealed a giant partially thrombosed aneurysm originating from the ascending aorta and extending into the aortic arch, causing a widening of the aorta-pulmonary window and a compression of the thoracic esophagus. Right hemidiaphragm elevation was explained by the gross mass effect of the aneurysm on the right hilum, causing right phrenic nerve palsy. The patient was to be operated on for surgical correction of the aneurysm, but died before surgery due to spontaneous rupture.
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PMID:Right phrenic nerve palsy: a rare presentation of thoracic aortic aneurysm. 2404 5

The vascular structure related compression of esophagus is rather rare. Aberrant right subclavicular artery accounts for the majority of the rare entity, while the thoracic aorta aneurysm is a more dangerous type, called as dysphagia aortica. Delay in diagnosis and treatment of the dysphagia aortica predisposes to rupture and death. Herein, we reported a female patient with thoracic aorta aneurysm. A quick diagnosis by using chest contrast computed tomography (CT) scan and angiography of heart was made, and followed by emergent surgery. In the process, there was no delay on the diagnosis and treatment. The patient is going on well in the follow up.
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PMID:An unusual cause of dysphagia: thoracic aorta aneurysm. 2441 20

Thoracic aortic aneurysms can be found incidentally, however, patients can also present with acute dissection and or rupture that can be fatal. Symptoms that might indicate dissection include chest and back pain as well as lightheadedness. The diagnosis can be made with imaging studies such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance angiogram and sometimes transesophageal echocardiogram. Management is based on the aneurysmal size, location, extension, and the presence of complications. Although smaller localized and slow growing aneurysms can be monitored, larger and or complicated ones may warrant immediate repair. Less-common complications include compression over anatomic structures in the vicinity including vessels and the mediastinum. We report a unique case of a 71-year-old man who presented with a very large thoracic aortic aneurysm with dissection causing compression over the brachiocephalic veins and the mediastinum leading to facial and upper extremity swelling, dysphagia, and cough. This case represents a rare but significant complication of thoracic aortic aneurysm and emphasizes the challenges of its management.
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PMID:Large thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection with rare complication. 2450 71

Aortoesophageal fistula is a rare but lethal condition. The initial presentations of the disease are mostly nonspecific, such as midthoracic pain, dysphagia, or episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding. Therefore, diagnosis is often delayed. Furthermore, despite timely diagnosis and management, the outcome is generally reported to be disappointing. Surgical intervention is the only chance for patient survival, but the optimal operative approach remains controversial. We present a case of esophageal perforation resulting from the contained rupture of an infected thoracic aortic aneurysm that was successfully managed by thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair and subsequent esophagectomy and reconstruction. The patient was 4 years after surgery.
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PMID:Endovascular salvage for contained rupture of infected thoracic aortic aneurysm with esophageal fistula. 2455 81

Dysphagia as the first or only manifestation in thoracic aortic aneurysm is referred to as dysphagia aortica, which is usually associated with old age, women of short stature, hypertension, and kyphosis. Systemic lupus erythematosus may complicate with early aortic aneurysm onset. Dysphagia aortica in young women with lupus may be more common than many doctors realize and easily missed at the first presentation.
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PMID:Dysphagia as the mere chief complaint of ruptured thoracic aneurysm in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. 2463 21

A 57-year old female was referred to our hospital after symptoms of hoarseness and dysphagia for a few years. She was diagnosed with a cervical vessel anomaly during childhood and had undergone surgery for a right-sided thoracic descending aortic aneurysm through a right thoracotomy at the age of 23 years. Now, enhanced computed tomography revealed newly developed multiple aneurysms in the aorta between the left carotid artery and the proximal descending aorta in the left hemithorax. A successful aortic surgical repair was accomplished via a left posterolateral thoracotomy. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a cervical aortic arch with formation of multiple aneurysms that required multiple surgeries via bilateral thoracotomies. This case suggests the inherent fragility and possibility of later aneurysmal formation in malformed vessels, thereby emphasizing the importance of periodical imaging tests in this rare congenital anomaly.
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PMID:Cervical aortic arch with multiple aortic aneurysms that required two aortic replacements with a 34-year interval. 2510 Feb 28


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