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Query: UMLS:C0011053 (deafness)
 10,271 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Labyrinthine ossification can be found in a high percentage of patients with profound deafness resulting from bacterial meningitis. Radiographic evidence of ossification can be found as early as 2 months after the acute infection, indicating that the intracochlear process probably begins much earlier. If long, intracochlear cochlear implants are to be most successfully used in these patients, an aggressive approach to clinical management following the meningitis should be taken. Illustrative case reports and suggested guidelines for evaluation and treatment are given.
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PMID:Labyrinthine ossification after meningitis: its implications for cochlear implantation. 212 62

Labyrinthine ossification is a common occurrence in patients with profound deafness. This may run as high as 80 percent in patients deafened by meningitis. Ossification sometimes makes cochlear implantation difficult. Two patients are presented with severe scala tympani cochlear ossification who had scala vestibuli electrode implantation. Their functional and audiologic results seem to be equal to those expected with scala tympani implantation. Scala vestibuli implantation seems to be a viable alternative in patients with scala tympani ossification.
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PMID:Scala vestibuli cochlear implantation for labyrinthine ossification. 212 34

The Mondini dysplasia represents a developmental arrest during the embryogenesis of the inner ear. The malformation, commonly associated with deafness, is frequently heralded by meningitis secondary to communication of the middle ear with the subarachnoid space. Early recognition and successful repair of the CSF leak is important to avoid the sequelae of repeated episodes of meningitis. We believe the addition of CSF diversion in the form of a lumbar drain during and after surgery will result in improved success.
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PMID:Mondini dysplasia: spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea. New perspectives in management. 213 98

A case of blind-deafness due to Streptococcus suis meningitis is described. The high incidence of blind-deafness in this disease is emphasized. Rehabilitation problems are discussed. Special attention is given to the Lorm writing as an ideal way of revalidation in this particular patient.
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PMID:[Deafness-blindness caused by Streptococcus suis meningitis--epidemiology and rehabilitation]. 214 55

Here we described a case of syphilitic meningitis presenting the seventh nerve and the eighth nerve palsies. A 56-year-old man was admitted because of left facial palsy and hearing loss of bilateral ears. He had a penile chancre five months before admission. Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed high pressure, pleocytosis predominantly with mononuclear cells and high protein content. STS and TPHA of serum and CSF were positive. High dose penicillin G was effective, and he was discharged with only mild hearing loss in the left. Considering the penetration of penicillin G into the CSF and the minimum fully treponemicidal concentration of penicillin, the administration of large doses of aqueous penicillin G intravenously or intramuscularly was effective in such a case to prevent permanent deafness, though CDC recommends relatively low dose.
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PMID:[A case of syphilitic meningitis presenting the seventh nerve and the eighth nerve palsies]. 222 61

This study describes the development of the auditory, cognitive, linguistic, and social domains of a child deafened by meningitis at 20 months of age. He received a 3M/House cochlear implant at 27 months and is believed to be the youngest child to receive a cochlear implant. He was seen for intervention emphasizing audiometric conditioning and testing and language (speech and sign) stimulation for a period of 2:9 years (6 months pre-implant to 2:3 years post-implant). Videotapes of intervention; interviews with parents, teachers, and clinicians; test results; and medical and clinical reports were documented from pre-implant to two years post-implantation. The child regressed in all areas evaluated following his illness and subsequent deafness and cochlear implantation. At about one year after implantation, his social and cognitive skills began to improve. By two years after implantation (chronological age (CA) = 4:6), his abilities in all areas except auditory reception and speech had progressed to about the 4:0 age level. He communicates primarily through signs and seems to derive environmental sound and speech duration cues from the implant. Although it is difficult to separate the effects of the implant from maturational factors, he now willingly uses the implant simultaneously with his hearing aid on the non-implanted ear every day and seems to be functioning well with them. He responds inconsistently to his name when called, and consistently provides appropriate signed responses to questions. His imitative skills are improving; he can discriminate one- vs two-syllable words; and produces limited spontaneous speech. His cognitive and social abilities are at least age-appropriate and he signs 3- and 4-word combinations.
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PMID:A young meningitically deaf child with a cochlear implant: a case study. 226 91

Between December 1985 and July 1986 a study on cerebral palsy was undertaken among the inpatients and outpatients of the department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Muhimbili Medical Centre Centre, Dar Es Salaam. The objective of the study was to determine the clinical pattern of cerebral palsy and its associated handicaps. During this period, 100 children with cerebral palsy 56 boys and 44 girls ranging in age between four months and 10 years were seen. The commonest type of cerebral palsy seen was spastic tetraplegia which occurred in 36 percent of the cases followed by spastic diplegia and hemiplegia seen in 20 and 15 percent of the cases respectively. In 70 children the cerebral palsy was associated with other severe handicaps, the commonest being epilepsy which occurred in 35 percent of the children followed by deafness, speech disorders and blindness. Birth asphyxia, convulsions of undetermined causes, low birth weight, meningitis and cerebral birth trauma were found to be the leading causes of cerebral palsy. As these conditions are largely preventable or amendable to treatment, it is suggested that improvement of antenatal and perinatal care is important in the reduction of the incidence of cerebral palsy.
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PMID:Cerebral palsy in Dar Es Salaam. 239 97

Bacterial interstrain variation for cochlear invasion was studied by intraperitoneal inoculation of infant rats with Haemophilus influenzae type b. Eight pairs of CSF isolates from children with or without deafness due to meningitis were injected into half of each litter in separate experiments. At 48 h, quantitative CSF culture results and CSF white blood cell counts were equivalent for the two groups. Organisms within the cochlea were detected in four of eight animals in each group. There was no difference between the deaf and nondeaf isolates in the degree or frequency of inner ear inflammation in formalin-fixed sections. In separate experiments, animals were inoculated with H. influenzae type b and 24 h later treated with ampicillin, or ampicillin plus dexamethasone. At 48 h, although CSF white blood cell counts were significantly reduced in the steroid group, no difference was noted in the degree of cochlear inflammation between the two groups. The ability of H. influenzae type b to invade the inner ear of infant rats does not correlate with the development of sensorineural deafness in children following H. influenzae type b meningitis. Steroid administration does not appear to diminish the inflammatory reaction within the cochlea more than antibiotics alone in this model, but may delay CSF sterilization by ampicillin.
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PMID:Invasion of the inner ear by Haemophilus influenzae type b in experimental meningitis. 252 31

Information has been collected by questionnaire from parents and teachers of 928 deaf school children in South India. 374 of these children were examined during a 21-day visit to Madras. These findings are part of the outcome of the visit by a working party organised and financed by the Commonwealth Society for the Deaf. The Society has organised surveys of deafness in West Africa and Gambia. In this survey the causes of severe deafness in Madras have been identified. Streptomycin injections were responsible for 3.6% of cases and meningitis for 5.3%. Examination found 29% of children with ophthalmic signs of intrauterine rubella. These could be prevented. Only a third of Indian mothers of children with eye signs are aware of having had rubella infection during pregnancy.
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PMID:Causes of deafness in schools for the deaf in Madras. 262 94

Two cases of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease with rare neurological complications were reported, which are one case with vestibular and cerebellar ataxia, and one with multiple cranial nerve palsies. The first case, a 32-year-old man, was admitted to our ophthalmologic department because of visual impairment. Two weeks later, he complained of gait disturbance. Limb and truncal ataxia, vestibular dysfunction and perceptive deafness were observed. Ophthalmologic examination revealed typical findings of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. CSF showed elevated protein and mononuclear pleocytosis. After treatment with oral steroid therapy, vestibular and cerebellar ataxia, and visual impairment improved. The second case, a 22-years-old man, showed the VIIth, VIIIth, IXth, and Xth cranial nerve palsies with visual impairment, and he was diagnosed to have cranial nerve palsies associated with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. After steroid therapy, there was a marked clinical improvement. Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease is an autoimmune disease against the melanocytes and involving tissues containing melanocytes such as uvea, meningea, skin and inner ear, etc.. Neurological complications except for meningitis and perceptive deafness have been rarely reported in Japan. Related to the present cases, possible pathogenesis was discussed.
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PMID:[Each one case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease with vestibular and cerebellar ataxia, and multiple cranial nerve palsies]. 266 96


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