Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010346 (Crohn's disease)
 21,615 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Diarrhea, moderate to high fever and pain in the RLQ associated with a tender mass or swelling of the terminal ileum arouse suspicion of acute terminal ileitis. Will diagnostic of the disease be laboratory data compatible with acute inflammatory disease and radiological findings of the terminal ileum, i.e., thickening of mucosal folds, round filling defects on the mucosa indicative of swelling of lymphoid tissue and fine irregularities of the margin without narrowing of the lumen. Yersinia infection was demonstrated in 7 of 10 patients whose stool and/or serum were examined. Yersinia enterocolitica was found to be an important causative agent of acute terminal ileitis. Its detection will be useful for differentiating the disease from acute stage of Crohn's disease.
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PMID:Acute terminal ileitis and Yersinia enterocolitica infection. 86 77

The rectal potential difference (PD) was measured in 27 patients with Crohn's disease, and in 16 subjects without gastrointestinal disease to establish a normal range. Sigmoidoscopic assessment and rectal biopsy were performed in all patients with Crohn's disease, and the mean resting rectal PD was significantly reduced in patients with sigmoidoscopically active disease and in those with abnormalities of the superficial epithelium on rectal biopsy. Patients with diarrhoea had a significantly lower mean resting PD than those with normal bowel habit, suggesting that an abnormality of rectal sodium transport may be contributing to the diarrhoea in these patients. The response of rectal PD to mineralocorticoid stimulation with oral fludrocortisone was measured in 13 patients. The PD failed to rise only with patients with sigmoidoscopically active disease, and the test proved to be a less sensitive indication of minor mucosal abnormalities than sigmoidoscopy of biopsy.
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PMID:Rectal potential difference and histology in Crohn's disease. 86 88

Serum lysozyme (muramidase) activity was determined by the Lyso-Plate diffusion technic in 419 subjects consisting of normal persons and patients with Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, nonspecific diarrhea and various other disorders. Lysozyme activity in the normal subjects did not exceed 37.8 microgram/ml. The values in the several groups of patients overlapped markedly with each other and with the normal range. Approximately two-thirds (62.1%) of the 37 patients with Crohn's disease had values that were within the normal range. In about half (51.8%) of the patients with this disease in whom the process was clinically active, serum lysozyme activity was increased. Of 10 patients with Crohn's disease who had undergone resection, heightened serum lysozyme activity was found only in the three patients in whom there was clinical evidence of recurrence of the disease. It is concluded that serum lysozyme activity is not a dependable means of distinguishing Crohn's disease from ulcerative colitis or nonspecific diarrheas. The determination would appear to be of value, however, in helping to identify activity, recurrence, or extension of the disease in patients with Crohn's disease.
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PMID:The diagnostic value of serum lysozyme activity in inflammatory bowel disease. 91 Jul 87

In 32 patients with Crohn's disease which started in childhood, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and weight loss were the common presenting symptoms, but unexplained fever and failure to grow were also prominent. Stunted growth was the most frequent physical abnormality when first seen in hospital. The mean delay in diagnosis was almost 3 years and the principal contributing factor here was failure to consider the diagnosis and thus perform a barium follow-through examination. The cumulative relapse rate after medical therapy or surgical resection was disappointingly high, but because the median relapse time is much longer for surgically treated patients, surgery is recommended at an early stage, especially in those patients who are growth-retarded or whose education is suffering because of time lost from school.
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PMID:Crohn's disease in childhood. 92 8

The case of a 20-year-old female patient is which ileo-colic Crohn's disease developed after repeated attempts at contraceptive treatment (no rgestrel-ethinyl estradiol) had resulted in periods of diarrhea, which ceased after stopping treatment, is reported. As a consequence of the severity of the disease, after the 3rd attempt at using oral contraceptives (OCs) a partial removal of the ileum and colon had to be performed. The relation between Crohn's disease and other acute ulcerative colitis in patinets receiving OCs and the role of these drugs as a triggering factor in Crohn's disease are discussed. It is conclude d that, while their causative role is unproven, in view of studies on th e relation between pregnancy and this disease, OCs may favor the development of the disease, and intestinal disorders during OC treatment should be carefully monitored.
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PMID:[Crohn's disease after administration of oral contraceptives. Report of a case (author's transl)]. 94 16

Bile acid absorption was studied by steady state perfusion technique in the ileum of 11 patients with regional ileitis (Crohn's disease). By computerizing absorption kinetics the presence of an active transport of glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDC) was rendered probable by finding a saturable transport system and a competitive absorption between conjugated bile acids. At the time of investigation 5 patients had no diarrhoea, whereas 6 patients had diarrhoea as defined from the amount of faecal output. In the former group the faecal bile acid excretion was low, the ileal absorption of GCDC high, and judged from the xylose absorption the ileal absorption surface large compared to the latter group, in which the faecal bile acid excretion was high, the ileal absorption of GCDC low, and the ileal absorptive surface small. It is concluded that malabsorption of bile acids in the ileum may be of significant physiological importance in the pathogenesis of diarrhoea in patients with regional ileitis.
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PMID:Regional ileitis (Crohn's disease). I. Kinetics of bile acid absorption in the perfused ileum. 95 61

Electrolyte and water movement was studied by steady state perfusion technique in the ileum of 11 patients with regional ileitis (Crohn's disease). Six patients who at the time of investigation had diarrhoea showed a constant secretion of salts and fluid during perfusion with control perfusate. Per 24 hours, the ileal effluents to colon would exceed the normal amount by 1-2 litres. In the 5 patients without diarrhoea the absorption patterns were normal. Electrolytes and water moved in parallel. Dihydroxy bile acids enhanced secretion or decreased absorption respectively, in the two groups of patients. It is concluded that functional disturbances of salt and water absorption in the inflamed ileum may be of significant physiological importance in the pathogenesis of diarrhoea observed in patients with regional ileitis.
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PMID:Regional ileitis (Crohn's disease). II. Electrolyte and water movement in the ileum during perfusion with bile acids. 95 62

Postprandial duodenal bile acids, intestinal protein loss, and albumin and IgG turnover were studied in 19 non-operated patients with Crohn's disease. A lesion of the terminal ileum was present in 18 of 19 patients, either alone or associated with regional colitis. Identical bile acid studies were made in a control group of 20 patients with chronic diarrhoea of undetermined origin. Duodenal bile acid concentration was decreased in 9 of 19 patients with Crohn's disease, and in 5 of 20 patients with unexplained diarrhoea. The glycine/taurine-ratio was increased in 8 of 17 patients with Crohn's disease, but in only one of the 20 control patients. Abnormal intestinal protein loss was present in 13 of 14 patients with Crohn's disease. The fractional catabolic rate of albumin and IgG was increased in all 17 cases of Crohn's disease studied, except the patient with no protein loss. A statistically significant and positive correlation was observed between glycine/taurine-ratio and fractional catabolic rate of both albumin and IgG. No patient with Crohn's disease harboured an abnormal bacterial flora in the proximal small intestine. It is concluded that, in the absence of abnormal bacterial flora in the proximal jejunum, the glycine/taurine-ratio is more valuable as an indicator of terminal ileopathy than postprandial duodenal bile acid concentration in nonoperated patients with terminal ileitis. Abnormal intestinal protein loss and increased catabolic rate of albumin and IgG are practically always present in active Crohn's disease and are strong evidence of an organic gastrointestinal lesion in patients with normal radiographic findings.
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PMID:Bile acid metabolism and plasma protein turnover in Crohn's disease. 99 38

An elemental diet containing predigested protein, a high content of predigested fat and carhobydrate, trace elements and vitamins, was administered as the only form of nutrition to 9 adult patients with chlonic, ileal and pancreatic fistulae, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, malabsorption states and abdominal lymphoma, and to 4 children with protracted diarrhoea. The diet was administered orally through a nasogastric tube for 1 - 8 weeks. Two patients were treated on an outpatient basis. There was considrable clinical improvement in 6 adults and in 3 children. Two adults and 1 child did not respond and 1 adult did not co-operate. The results justify the use of this elemental diet in carefully selected patients under strict medical supervision.
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PMID:The use of an elemental diet in gastro-intestinal diseases. 99 64

A patient over 40 years of age who complains of lower abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhea or both, and increased flatulence should be suspected of having diverticulosis. When pain becomes more severe and persistent, diverticulitis must be considered. Diagnosis depends on roentgen demonstration of the presence of diverticula. Sigmoidoscopy and barium enema study are essential to exclude coexisting disease but in diverticulitis may need to be postponed until severe local and systemic signs of inflammation have subsided. A number of diseases can simulate diverticulitis, and differential diagnosis may present considerable difficulty. Irritable colon syndrome and acute appendicitis may be indistinguishable clinically from diverticulitis. Differentiation from carcinoma is usually not difficult, but exclusion of coexistent carcinoma may be impossible except by resection. Ulcerative colitis is also easily distinguished except when, rarely, it coexists. Crohn's disease of the colon is less easily differentiated, especially in patients over 40, in whom the two diseases often coexist. Other colonic diseases, such as ischemic colitis, and pelvic inflammatory diseases usually show characteristic features which make them readily distinguishable from diverticulitis.
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PMID:Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of colonic diverticulitis. 103 35


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