Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010346 (Crohn's disease)
 21,615 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study of 60 patients with oro-facial granulomatosis has been conducted and the clinical presentation of this disorder defined. It encompasses the previously recognised clinical entities of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome and cheilitis granulomatosa. The pathological features of the disease are lymphoedema and the presence of multiple non-caseating giant cell granulomata. These granulomata are histologically indistinguishable from those found in both gastrointestinal Crohn's disease and systemic sarcoidosis. Within this series of patients, nine had evidence suggestive of gastrointestinal Crohn's disease, and in six this was confirmed. A diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made in a further two patients. The relationship of oro-facial granulomatosis to these systemic granulomatous diseases is not yet clear. Patients with oro-facial granulomatosis who have gastrointestinal symptoms should be investigated for the presence of gastrointestinal Crohn's disease. Those without symptoms should be investigated for evidence of malabsorption or serological evidence of Crohn's disease. Within the present study, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, full blood count, corrected whole blood folate, serum albumin and calcium were the most sensitive markers of gastrointestinal involvement. Sarcoidosis should be considered in all patients with oro-facial granulomatosis. The absence of clinical signs suggestive of sarcoidosis, a normal chest radiograph and normal levels of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme makes sarcoidosis unlikely.
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PMID:Oro-facial granulomatosis--a clinical and pathological analysis. 397 43

One hundred thirty patients with Crohn's disease operated at the Mount Sinai Hospital were studied to determine the incidence of early postoperative complications. Thirty per cent of patients developed postoperative complications, while eight per cent had major complications requiring readmission to the hospital, reoperation, or suture of a bleeding vessel. Patients with a low preoperative serum albumin concentration had a significantly higher incidence of nonseptic and multiple complications. Septic complications were more common in patients having extensive resections and in those with multiple previous operations. There was also a significantly higher complication rate in patients requiring permanent or temporary ileostomy as opposed to those having intestinal anastomosis. The majority of complications in the patients with ileostomy were nonseptic in nature. There were no mortalities in this series.
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PMID:Early complications following surgical treatment for Crohn's disease. 397 51

Among 124 patients who underwent an elective surgical procedure for Crohn's disease during 1 year at our institution, 16(13%) had postoperative complications, including one death. The risk of developing postoperative complications was inversely related to the concentrations of serum albumin and total iron-binding capacity. The complication rate was 29% among patients with low (less than 3.1 g/dl) serum albumin levels but only 6% among patients with normal albumin levels. Patients were also more likely to experience postoperative complications if they had previously undergone an operation for Crohn's disease, received sulfasalazine, or required an ileostomy. No correlations were noted between postoperative complications and preoperative weight loss or preponderance of Crohn's disease of the colon. The median duration of postoperative hospitalization was 24.5 days for the 16 patients with complications in comparison with only 10 days for patients without complications.
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PMID:Preoperative nutritional status and other factors that influence surgical outcome in patients with Crohn's disease. 399 9

Strictureplasty recently has been advocated in the treatment of obstructive strictures of the small bowel in patients with Crohn's disease. In contrast to conventional methods of treatment, such as conservative therapy with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or surgical resection of the involved bowel, strictureplasty eliminates the obstruction without loss of small bowel. The possibility of creating a short-bowel syndrome is of special concern in patients with diffuse Crohn's jejunoileitis. These patients usually present for surgery with chronic obstruction, anemia, weight loss, and malnutrition with folate and other vitamin deficiencies. The authors report the results of 12 strictureplasties for extensive Crohn's jejunoileitis in three patients presenting with chronic obstruction secondary to multiple small-bowel strictures. Both Heineke-Mikulicz and Finney strictureplasties were performed. In two patients, resection of an acutely inflamed phlegmonous segment was also performed. Symptoms (pain, abdominal distention, and nausea) were markedly improved postoperatively in all patients. Nutritional parameters, including serum albumin and total lymphocyte count, improved postoperatively. Dramatic rises in weight were noted also. All three patients were symptom-free six months postoperatively.
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PMID:Strictureplasty in diffuse Crohn's jejunoileitis. 401 13

A comparison was made of the efficiency of different anthropometric indicators in assessing serum albumin and prealbumin concentrations in 60 adult patients with Crohn's disease. Indicators included weight, mid-arm circumference and triceps skinfold thickness at different cut-off points of reference (Jelliffe, 1966) and at the 5th percentile. Mid-arm circumference at 90 per cent reference gave the most significant separation of serum albumin and prealbumin, and protein concentrations in patients whose mid-arm circumference was at or above 90 per cent reference approached most closely the values obtained in healthy subjects. Mid-arm circumference is a simple and reproducible measurement, and the results support the suggestion that it is a useful indicator for assessing protein nutrition in Crohn's disease.
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PMID:Efficiency of anthropometric indicators in the assessment of protein nutrition in Crohn's disease. 401 65

Dietary intakes of two groups of gastrointestinal patients, one group with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)--Crohn's disease or chronic ulcerative colitis--and the other with functional disorders (FD)--irritable bowel syndrome, nonulcer dyspepsia, or gastroesophageal reflux disease, were assessed by means of 48-hour recalls. The relationships between dietary intake and anthropometric and biochemical measurements were examined. The IBD group had lower mean serum albumin and hemoglobin levels (p less than .05); however, FD patients had less adequate diets. The mean energy intake of women with FD was significantly lower than that of women with IBD (p less than .05) and was associated with inadequate or marginal intakes of many nutrients. Comparison of nutrient intakes between the IBD and FD groups revealed a significantly lower mean intake of folate, ascorbic acid, and vitamin A for women with FD than for women with IBD (p less than .05). In general, women had poorer diets and a higher prevalence of abnormal biochemical parameters than men. One notable feature of the dietary pattern of the women was that they consumed less meat than the general population consumed. Increasing meat consumption would improve the intake of many nutrients, including protein and iron. The results of this study suggest that more attention should be given to the adequacy of dietary intakes of gastrointestinal patients in general and of women in particular.
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PMID:Nutritional status of gastroenterology outpatients: comparison of inflammatory bowel disease with functional disorders. 406 54

The response of active Crohn's disease to sulphasalazine (4-6 g per day) has been studied in a placebo-controlled trial. The study was carried out at two hospitals. From August 1977 to August 1979 all patients with established Crohn's disease were examined for their eligibility for the trial. A nine-item index of inflammatory activity was used as the primary measure of response. The variables in this index were serum albumin, ESR, body weight released to height, abdominal mass, temperature, stool consistency, bowel resection, and extraintestinal symptoms related to Crohn's disease. A favourable response to therapy was defined as a decrease of the activity index with 25% or more at the end of the trial period, compared with the initial value. Twenty-six patients (13 in each treatment group) have been followed up for six months. The response of active Crohn's disease to sulphasalazine was significantly better than to placebo.
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PMID:Effect of sulphasalazine in patients with active Crohn's disease: a controlled double-blind study. 611 23

12 cases of toxic dilatation of the colon in Crohn's disease were reviewed. In 11 this complication seemed to be the first manifestation of the disease and a considerable diagnostic delay may partly account for the strikingly high mortality (50%). On admission 83% had clinical features suggestive of Crohn's disease and 58% had experienced symptoms suggestive of preceding gastrointestinal disease. An iatrogenic precipitating factor was identifiable in all but the 1 patient with established disease and in 83% of cases antidiarrhoeals had been prescribed. Preoperative perforation occurred in 4 patients, 3 of whom had had a barium-enema examination, and thromboembolism was a common postoperative complication (50%). Fever, tachycardia, low serum calcium, and low serum albumin in a patient with diarrhoea, abdominal pain, and distension should alert the physician to the possibility of Crohn's disease even in the absence of preexisting symptoms. Sigmoidoscopy should be an early investigation with particular attention being paid to perianal disease.
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PMID:Toxic dilatation of colon in Crohn's disease. 611 26

A detailed nutrient assessment was made of 23 male and 24 female patients with Crohn's disease who entered sequentially into an outpatient clinic. Assessment included 48-hour dietary recall, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical and hematological tests appropriate to characterize protein-energy malnutrition. Approximately 40% of patients had energy intakes equal to only two-thirds of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). Three men and five women had relative body weights less than 85% of standard, but body weight was not correlated with energy intake. Relative body weight was correlated with arm muscle circumference in both male and female patients and with triceps skinfold and total lymphocyte count in women. Although the mean protein intake was greater than 150% of the RDA, evidence of protein malnutrition included low arm muscle circumference in 14% of the men and 15% of the women, low serum albumin concentration in 13% of the women, and low total lymphocyte count in one-half of the patients. The Crohn's disease activity index was correlated significantly with serum albumin, energy intake, and duration of disease in men and with serum ferritin and hemoglobin concentration in women. Thus, a reduced relative body weight or reduced serum albumin was not uncommon in patients with Crohn's disease but did not necessarily occur in those with reduced intakes of protein and energy. However, a low relative body weight may indicate need for further nutritional assessment.
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PMID:Protein-energy intake and malnutrition in Crohn's disease. 643 12

Malnutrition is frequently reported in chronic diseases with involvement of gastrointestinal tract, such as Crohn's disease; however, information about this problem is scarce, and available only for hospitalized patients with severe disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of 44 consecutive outpatients with Crohn's disease in remission or in a stage of low activity (CDAI less than 250). Eighteen of the patients weighed less than 90% of ideal weight and 5 of these weighed less than 80%. Triceps skinfold, a measure of fat store, was less than or equal to 15th percentile in 30%; arm muscle circumference, indicative of muscle mass, was less than or equal to 15th percentile in 59%. The alteration of weight and arm muscle circumference was greater in patients with midly active disease (p less than 0.005) and in those with ileal and ileocolic involvement. Caloric intake, assessed by a seven day questionnaire, was generally good (35.9 +/- 11 Kcal/kg ideal weight/day) and sufficient to maintain weight. Creatinine height index was elevated in 55% of the whole group. Serum albumin was decreased in only 2 cases, and haemoglobin in only 4. Our results show that malnutrition is a serious problem also in outpatients with Crohn's disease. Anthropometric parameters are more sensitive indicators than conventional laboratory studies.
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PMID:Assessment of nutritional status in Crohn's disease in remission or low activity. 646 2


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