Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010346 (Crohn's disease)
 21,615 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sera from patients with ulcerative colitis (51), Crohn's disease (30), hypolactasia (13), untreated adult coeliac disease (11), irritable colon syndrome (24), and sera from 38 healthy control subjects were tested for antibodies to the principal cow's milk proteins-casein, alpha-lactalbumin, and beta-lactoglobulin. The red-cell-linked antigen-antiglobulin reaction was used to determine the titres of direct agglutinating antibodies and IgA and IgG incomplete antibodies. Apart from patients with coeliac disease, direct agglutinating antibodies were found infrequently and then in low titres. Approximately 50% of subjects had low titres of IgA and IgG antibodies. However, the titres found in sera from patients with ulcerative colitis did not differ from those found in the control subjects or in patients with Crohn's disease, hypolactasia, or irritable colon syndrome. Patients with untreated coeliac disease frequently had high antibody titres to the milk proteins. In all subjects tested, incomplete antibodies of IgA or IgG immunoglobulin class occurred with equal frequency. The frequent occurrence in adults of low titres of antibodies to the milk proteins may be due to continued absorption of minute amounts of protein. Absorption of allergens may be facilitated by mucosal damage, such as that of coeliac disease, with stimulation of antibody production. At the present time, however, there is little evidence to suggest that milk allergy is a factor in the aetiology of ulcerative colitis.
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PMID:Circulating antibodies to cow's milk proteins in ulcerative colitis. 508 69

Inflammatory bowel disease is a relatively common spectrum of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in women of the reproductive age group. Although Crohn's disease may decrease fertility, female reproductive ability is normal in UC. In general, IBD is not a contraindication to pregnancy or vaginal delivery and is not an indication for therapeutic abortion. Pregnancy will have a variable effect on IBD, and the patient's experience in previous pregnancies is not prognostic of future pregnancies. Whenever possible, pregnancies should be planned when IBD is quiescent and the patient is on a minimal drug regimen. The treatment of IBD is essentially the same regardless of pregnancy. Aggressive medical management with supportive therapy, corticosteroids, and sulfasalazine is effective in the treatment for this disorder. Sulfasalazine is effective in preventing recurrence of UC. Surgical treatment may be necessary in pregnancy. An enlarged uterus may make recognition of acute complications difficult, and fear of radiation may decrease the number of diagnostic x-ray studies performed. A proctocolectomy and ileostomy is curative for UC, but no procedure will cure Crohn's disease. In pregnancy, a limited surgical procedure may be necessary. There is a high incidence of fetal loss if surgery is required in IBD. This fetal loss is probably caused by the fulminant nature of the disease rather than surgery itself. If surgery is indicated, however, it should be performed for maternal indications despite the risk to the fetus. As can be seen, management of IBD in pregnancy is not to be taken lightly and requires extensive collaboration between obstetrician, gastroenterologist, surgeon, and other support personnel.
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PMID:Medical and surgical treatment of inflammatory bowel disease in pregnancy. 614 Oct 16

The mucosal concentrations of seven regulatory peptides and the density properties and integrity of their storage granules have been studied in mucosal biopsies from the human jejunum in eight gastrointestinal disease states and compared with normal controls. In diseases with associated mucosal inflammation (coeliac disease, Crohn's disease with jejunal involvement, postinfective tropical malabsorption, and common variable immunodeficiency) there was a selective increase in fragility of the gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and somatostatin storage granules. The gastrin, motilin, enteroglucagon, secretin, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide granules had normal properties in these conditions. In diseases in which diarrhoea occurred in the absence of changes in jejunal mucosal histology (irritable bowel syndrome, pancreatic insufficiency, jejuno-ileal bypass for morbid obesity, and purgative abuse) there were no abnormalities of the storage granules. Increased mucosal concentrations of all peptides except vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) were found in coeliac disease and selective increases of VIP found in Crohn's disease, motilin in the irritable bowel syndrome and gastrin and GIP in pancreatic insufficiency. It is suggested that the storage granule abnormalities in the diseases with abnormal mucosal histology are secondary to the inflammatory changes.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal regulatory peptide storage granule abnormalities in jejunal mucosal diseases. 614 62

Our results do not support the assertion that subjects with Crohn's disease consume significantly more sugar than controls or those with ulcerative colitis. A subgroup of patients may consume a high proportion of total kilocalories as sugar. In spite of recommendations to increase their dietary fiber intake, subjects with irritable bowel syndrome did not receive significantly more fiber from food sources. Clearly more research is needed to characterize the sugar and dietary fiber intakes of patients with gastrointestinal diseases.
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PMID:Diet of women with Crohn's and other gastrointestinal diseases. 630 79

Autoantibodies reacting with endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal mucosa were found by indirect immunofluorescence in 22 out of 268 sera (8.2%) obtained from patients with coeliac disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, and from subjects without bowel disease. A double immunofluorescence technique showed that the autoantibodies reacted with cells secreting gastric inhibitory polypeptide (glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, GIP), secretin, somatostatin or enteroglucagon. Most sera contained antibodies against more than one cell type. Neither the presence of a particular antibody nor the pattern of antibody combinations appeared to be specific for any diagnostic category. The mean plasma GIP concentrations, however, both fasting and two hours after a test meal, were significantly lower in subjects with GIP cell autoantibodies. Thus gut hormone cell autoantibodies may be markers of impaired hormone secretion.
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PMID:Autoantibodies to gut hormone secreting cells as markers of peptide deficiency. 634 Nov 78

Intestinal permeability to probe molecules has been shown to correlate closely with the presence or absence of villous atrophy in a jejunal biopsy. The purpose of this study was to establish if there exist groups of patients with functional derangement of intestinal permeability but normal histopathology of the small bowel mucosa. In 135 patients a cellobiose/mannitol permeability test was performed at the same time as jejunal biopsy. Diagnosis included coeliac disease, Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome, idiopathic diarrhoea, self diagnosed food allergy, atopic eczema and postinfectious malabsorption. The value of the cellobiose/mannitol test in identifying patients with abnormal jejunal biopsy histopathology was confirmed. The permeability test was abnormal in all 28 patients with partial or subtotal villous atrophy, and also in all 10 in whom there was a high intraepithelial lymphocyte count despite normal villi and crypts. Functional abnormality of the small intestine has not previously been reported in patients with this jejunal biopsy abnormality. Abnormalities of permeability were also found in patients with idiopathic diarrhoea, folate deficiency, postinfectious or traveller's diarrhoea, small bowel Crohn's disease, and atopic eczema. These results show that sugar permeability tests have more potential in clinical investigation than merely serving as screening tests before jejunal biopsy. There are groups of patients without morphological changes in the small bowel in whom intestinal permeability is abnormal.
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PMID:Cellobiose/mannitol sugar permeability test complements biopsy histopathology in clinical investigation of the jejunum. 643 13

It has been proposed that the presence of elevated serum titres against various Bacteroides species among patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease (CIBD) may yield aetiological, pathogenic, or prognostic information. Using a crossed immunoelectrophoretic method, we investigated circulating antibodies against four Bacteroides species in 122 patients with CIBD (80 with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 42 with Crohn's disease (CD)) and in 32 patients with the irritable colon syndrome. In this cross-sectional study we found raised titre scores (greater than 0) among 26% of the patients with CD, among 46% of the patients with UC, and among 34% of the patients with the irritable colon syndrome. These differences are not significant. There were no correlations between the antibody titres and the duration of the disease, the clinical disease activity, or the site of the disease. Furthermore, the antibody titres yielded no prognostic information as to the necessity of surgery--that is, colectomy and/or small-bowel resection.
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PMID:Serum antibodies to Bacteroides species in chronic inflammatory bowel disease. 666 42

The daily dietary consumption of refined sugar was studied in four equal-sized groups of 30 patients with Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis (UC), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), or minor orthopedic conditions. The latter group was matched for sex and age with the Crohn's disease group. The Crohn's disease patients consumed significantly more refined sugar (88.9 +/- 50.7 (SD) g/day) than the controls (64.3 +/- 45.6 g/day), the UC patients (64.3 +/- 38.7), or the IBS patients (59.9 +/- 33.3). Fifteen patients with Crohn's disease interviewed within 6 months of diagnosis consumed similar amounts of sugar (69.9 +/- 43.9) to those of the subjects in the other three groups. Fifteen other patients with Crohn's disease studied 7-36 months after diagnosis consumed significantly more refined sugar (107.9 +/- 41.2). These results indicate that the high sugar consumption in Crohn's disease is a secondary phenomenon without etiologic importance.
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PMID:Consumption of refined sugar by patients with Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, or irritable bowel syndrome. 667 83

An infectious etiology has been suggested for the inflammatory bowel diseases, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, and an association of cell wall-defective variants of Pseudomonas maltophilia and Pseudomonas-like group Va bacteria with Crohn's disease has been reported by Parent and Mitchell. Seven of the Parent-Mitchell isolates were compared by using DNA hybridization and six were identical and similar, but not identical, to a type strain of P. maltophilia. The seventh isolate showed extensive homology with VARC, a reference strain of group Va organism, but not with P. maltophilia. Pseudomonas DNAs were radiolabeled by nick translation and used as probes for homologous DNA in hybridization experiments involving 48 different tissues. The presence of DNA with sequences homologous to those of P. maltophilia was detected in three of 23 Crohn's disease samples, two of 10 ulcerative colitis samples, and none of 15 control samples. There was no hybridization with VARC or Pseudomonas aeruginosa probes. We were unable to culture cell wall-defective organisms from patients' tissues but have detected pleomorphic organisms in hypertonic cultures of 14 of 53 Crohn's disease specimens, none of six ulcerative colitis specimens, and none of 11 control specimens. None reverted to normal bacteria. These results do not support an exclusive association of P. maltophilia with Crohn's disease but rather suggest a possible association of P. maltophilia with IBD. Technical limitations currently preclude definitive conclusions regarding the significance of this association. Although we demonstrated the presence of DNA sequences with homology to P. maltophilia DNA in tissues of some patients with IBD, the role, if any, of these bacteria in the pathogenesis of IBD has yet to be established.
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PMID:DNA hybridization studies of the association of Pseudomonas maltophilia with inflammatory bowel diseases. 685 28

Rectal folds are seen best in the lateral view. Normal values for the thickness of the folds have been established by measuring these in patients with a diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome who had no evidence of rectal disease. In severe ulcerative colitis the valves disappear, but they are present earlier in the disease. The first barium enema examination in patients with ulcerative colitis was assessed. When the valve thickness could be measured in these patients it showed values significantly greater than normal. It is uncommon for this finding to be the sole indicator of disease. Patients with Crohn's disease of the rectum showed no increase in the fold thickness. This observation may be helpful in distinguishing between these two forms of colitis.
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PMID:Rectal fold thickness as an indicator of disease. 687 49


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