Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010346 (Crohn's disease)
 21,615 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The sample population in this initial case control study of the adenosine diphosphate ribosyl transferase (ADPRT) response of inflammatory bowel disease patients included: 23 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC)-active and inactive, 13 patients with Crohn's disease (CD)-active and inactive, 14 first degree relatives of UC and CD patients, and 19 age-matched controls. Adenosine diphosphate ribosyl transferase activity was determined after one hour incubation with 1% plasma (the constitutive value) or with 1% plasma and 100 microM H2O2 (the activated value) with the resulting difference designated as the induced value. Statistically significant decrease in ADPRT activity was found for the constitutive, activated and induced values in human mononuclear leucocytes of UC and CD patients, compared with controls. The values in the first degree relatives of UC and CD patients were not significantly different from either the control or disease populations, indicating an intermediate ADPRT response. These results may be related to the nature of the immunological response of IBD patients and comparable with similar findings in other diseases with known DNA repair deficiencies--for example, colon cancer.
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PMID:Hydrogen peroxide induced adenosine diphosphate ribosyl transferase (ADPRT) response in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. 314 30

This presentation describes the progress during 1982-1986 of the OMGE Multinational Survey of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. After a brief description of the study design and protocol, the status of the survey in 1986 is presented. In all, 40 centres contributed 3175 cases at that time, data collection being meticulous via previously designed proformata. Diagnostic criteria are next discussed. Little change between 1976 and 1986 is noted, with wide congruence of diagnostic thought, now codified into a simple (and recommended) OMGE diagnostic scoring system. Patients seen prior to 1978 were reviewed in 1986. Where attempted, a follow-up of over 86% was achieved, usually more than 4 years after the original presentation involving no less than 5215 'patient-years' of observed follow-up. Following these overall considerations, details of four subprojects are annexed, each of which was presented as a 'free paper' at the 8th World Congress and concerning, respectively, the changing natural history of IBD, risks of perforation and toxic megacolon in the 1980s, IBD in elderly patients, and features associated with recurrence in Crohn's disease.
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PMID:The OMGE multinational inflammatory bowel disease survey 1976-1986. A further report on 3175 cases. 316 50

Inflammatory Bowel Disease is characterized by two major entities, Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. These bowel diseases have associated problems involving the eyes, joints, skin, kidneys, immunological system, hepatobiliary system, and psychiatric disturbances. A regional IBD registry encompassing 18 hospitals and IBD specialists in east/northeast Pennsylvania was established to promote awareness of the clinical and epidemiological aspects of the disease. Results of this data collection effort will be shared with patients and physicians through the use of newsletters and symposia. A Basic History (HX) form, an Operative Data (OR) form, and an Annual Follow-up (FU) form was used to collect relevant data. Participation is voluntary and all information is confidential.
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PMID:Development of an inflammatory bowel disease registry. 323 45

The colonic epithelial expression of HLA-DR molecules and of other markers of cell membrane perturbation was investigated by immunofluorescence in biopsy specimens from patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. It was found that in virtually all specimens from either groups showing active inflammation there was a diffuse epithelial expression of HLA-DR molecules. There was no relation between the grading of active inflammation and the epithelial expression of HLA-DR antigens. The epithelium of virtually all specimens from the macro and microscopically uninvolved areas of patients with active colitis and from patients with histologically quiescent colitis showed no detectable expression of HLA-DR molecules. The counts of isolated lamina propria lymphocytes expressing the transferrin receptor and the interleukin 2 receptor were higher in specimens with HLA-DR+ epithelium than in those with a HLA-DR- epithelium. Twenty-nine of the 35 (83%) HLA-DR positive specimens proved to express the 4F2 antigen on their epithelium and 19 (54%) were positive for the transferrin receptor. All sections positive for either the 4F2 antigen or the transferrin receptor were also HLA-DR positive while all HLA-DR negative sections were also negative for either of the two other markers. Data in this study suggest that in active IBD the epithelial participation in active inflammation is associated with a sequence of cell membrane rearrangements, and that the expression of HLA-DR molecules is a part of this sequence.
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PMID:HLA-DR antigens on colonic epithelial cells in inflammatory bowel disease: I. Relation to the state of activation of lamina propria lymphocytes and to the epithelial expression of other surface markers. 330 19

Measurements of mucosal dimension, architecture, and cell counts in both lamina propria and epithelium were made on rectal biopsy specimens from 20 patients with irritable bowel syndrome ("normal" controls); 54 patients with ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and non-specific proctitis; eight patients with small bowel Crohn's disease; and 34 in whom the rectal biopsy specimen was not diagnostic. Discriminant analysis was applied to multiple variables based on the measurements, and three variables were identified as of high predictive value. The most powerful discriminant was increased lamina propria cellularity in all forms of chronic colitis. The ratios of surface length to mucosal length and of surface epithelial height to crypt epithelial height also emerged as discriminants. Chronic inflammatory bowel disease was distinguished from normal in 95% of cases with a definite pathological diagnosis, and 85% of borderline cases were correctly classified as either normal or inflammatory when judged by the final diagnosis after follow up. This study provides a basis for automated diagnosis of rectal biopsy specimens and provides objectively validated criteria which can also be applied in routine histological diagnosis.
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PMID:What is colitis? Statistical approach to distinguishing clinically important inflammatory change in rectal biopsy specimens. 334 81

An epidemiologic study of inflammatory bowel disease was conducted in Regio Leiden, the Netherlands, between 1979 and 1983. Archives of endoscopy, radiology, pathology, and specialist letters were reviewed for suspected patients with inflammatory bowel disease, together with a survey of all general practitioners to verify completeness of data. One thousand forty patients were identified and each diagnosis was reviewed. Two hundred ten patients had Crohn's disease and 257 had ulcerative colitis. Of the other 573 patients, the largest proportion (21%) had incomplete data for disease classification. Others had irritable bowel syndrome, diverticulitis, or ischemic or irradiation colitis; some were nonresident patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated within the region and others were out of the period for inclusion in this investigation. The incidence of Crohn's disease was 3.9 per 10(5) per year and the period prevalence was 48 per 10(5). The sex-specific incidence was similar, although the disease was significantly more common in women aged 20-29 yr. The prevalence in the city municipalities of Leiden and Alphen on the Rijn (63 per 10(5)) was similar but significantly greater than in suburban (39 per 10(5)) or agarian areas (40 per 10(5)). This may be partially due to urban density but not to differences in water supply. The lack of cases in the migrant population almost reaches significant levels, but studies in locations with a higher migrant population may clarify the issue.
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PMID:Epidemiology of Crohn's disease in Regio Leiden, The Netherlands. A population study from 1979 to 1983. 349 61

A low tolerance for pain has been postulated as a factor in the expression of symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. This has been based on previous work demonstrating reduced intestinal thresholds for rectal pain induced by balloon distention in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. As the disease may alter the rectal response to distention, inferences regarding pain perception and reporting behavior cannot be drawn from these data. In this study, using electrocutaneous stimulation, we found that patients with irritable bowel syndrome had pain reporting behavior comparable to patients with Crohn's disease. Both patient groups were less likely than normals to report a noxious stimulus as painful. This suggests that pain perception and reporting is attenuated in patients with chronic abdominal pain and, accordingly, a generalized reduction in the threshold for reporting pain is not a factor in the expression of symptoms in the irritable bowel syndrome.
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PMID:Patients with irritable bowel syndrome have greater pain tolerance than normal subjects. 362 19

This international case control study was conducted in 14 centers in 9 countries to investigate factors in childhood which may have a bearing on the etiology or pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). 197 patients with UC and 302 with CD (499 with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD] whose disease started before age 20 years and whose age at time of study was less than 25 years were investigated, with two age- and sex-matched controls for each patient. All subjects were studied with uniform questionnaires. Eczema was found significantly more frequently in patients with CD (p less than 0.005) and in their fathers (p less than 0.025), mothers (p less than 0.002), and siblings (p less than 0.01) as compared with their respective controls. IBD was significantly more frequent in parents, siblings, cousins, grandparents, and uncles of patients than in their respective controls. The fathers of patients with UC had significantly more major gastrointestinal and cardiovascular diseases at the time of the patient's birth than the fathers of controls. In North America mothers of patients with UC and CD took vitamin, mineral, and iron preparations during pregnancy significantly less frequently than mothers of controls. Patients with CD and UC consumed a lower residue diet than controls. Recurrent respiratory infections were more frequent in patients with UC and CD (p less than 0.001); it is uncertain whether this preceded disease. Hospitalization for respiratory diseases was more frequent in patients than controls, and the use of antibiotics more frequent in patients with CD. Smallpox vaccination was less frequent (p less than 0.05) in patients with CD, and chickenpox infection was less common in patients with UC (p less than 0.01). No significant differences were found between patients and controls in relation to various human and non-human contacts during childhood. Number of siblings, being an only child, and birth order did not differ markedly between patients and controls, and we could not confirm the 'sheltered child' hypothesis in IBD. The parents of controls were slightly better educated and their social class tended to be higher than those of parents of patients. There were significant associations between some of the main factors investigated in this study. No significant differences were found between patients and controls in the frequency of breast feeding, cereal consumption, sugar added to milk in infancy, gastroenteritis in childhood, major stressful life events, and many other factors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Childhood factors in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. An international cooperative study. 368 76

The use of alternative medicine was assessed by questionnaire in 96 patients with irritable bowel syndrome, 143 patients with organic upper gastrointestinal disorders and 222 patients with Crohn's disease of comparable age and sex. Significantly more patients with the irritable bowel syndrome (16%) had consulted practitioners of alternative medicine about their condition than had patients in either of the other groups. Similarly, significantly more irritable bowel syndrome patients said they would consult an alternative medicine practitioner (41%) if conventional treatment failed. Current usage of alternative medicine remedies was significantly greater in the irritable bowel syndrome patients (11%) than in patients with Crohn's disease (4%) and tended to be greater than in patients with organic upper gastrointestinal disorders (6%). This study has shown that the use of alternative medicine is common in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and this does not appear to be explicable in terms of the nature, chronicity or refractoriness to treatment of symptoms.
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PMID:Alternative medicine consultations and remedies in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. 375 16

Mucus secreted by colorectal cancer differs in three respects from that produced normally: an overall reduction, a loss of O-acetyl substituents in sialic acid, and an increase in neutral mucin. Similar changes have been reported in apparently normal mucosa bordering colorectal cancer. "Normal" left sided colorectal mucosa from 32 patients with rectal cancer was studied. Each case was matched by age and sex to a patient with diverticular disease and a patient with irritable bowel syndrome. Twenty five patients with right sided cancer were matched to patients with Crohn's disease. Sections were stained with mild periodic acid Schiff (mPAS) (selectively stains N-acetyl sialic acid lacking in O-acetyl group) and other closely related techniques. Reactions were graded negative, weak, and intense. An intense reaction was found in 9% of cases; there was no difference between the various matched groups. Phenylhydrazine interposition failed to block the mPAS effect, indicating that a positive result was due to a deficiency of sialic acid with O-acetyl substituents rather than neutral mucin. Different staining patterns in left and right colon were probably due to differing ratios of total sialic acid:fucose. These findings indicate a hitherto unsuspected colorectal goblet cell sialomucin heterogeneity within the general population, but no association with neoplastic disease is apparent.
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PMID:Colorectal goblet cell sialomucin heterogeneity: its relation to malignant disease. 378 84


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