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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We herein present an exceedingly rare case of pleural osteosarcoma that was surgically resected in an elderly patient. A 74-year-old man, complaining of a dry cough and breathlessness on effort, was found to have massive pleural effusion on a chest X-ray. The chest CT and MRI scans indicated a massive effusion and a pleural tumor encasing the left lower lung. The resected tumor was histologically an osteosarcoma, measuring 11.3 x 9.0 x 6.0 cm. Because there was no evidence of any other primary tumor, the diagnosis of extraskeletal osteosarcoma was appropriate.
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PMID:Extraskeletal osteosarcoma of the pleura: a case report. 1840 80

When a 45-year-old man visited his local hospital with a complaint of chest discomfort and coughing, an abnormal chest X-ray shadow was found. On referral to our department, pigmentation was mainly observed on his face, however, no striae cutis distensae or facial swelling was observed. After a systemic examination, Stage IV small cell lung cancer with Cushing's syndrome was diagnosed. Marked increases in ACTH levels were observed, but no abnormality was found in the pituitary MRI findings, and therefore ACTH-producing small cell lung cancer was suspected. Chemotherapy was administered in addition to appropriate treatment for Cushing's syndrome. The tumor temporarily began to decrease in size, but hypercortisolemia remained, and thus adrenal hormone synthesis-inhibiting therapy was concurrently administered. Subsequently, cortisole began to decrease, but it could not be sufficiently controlled, resulting in occasional colonization by bacteria. Hypercortisolemia is believed to induce the suppression of the immune system, thereby affecting the outcome and QOL more than the immediate symptoms of cancer. Therefore, from an early stage, it is believed that adrenal cortical hormone synthesis-inhibiting therapy should be performed concurrently with chemotherapy, if hypercortisolemia cannot be controlled by radiation and chemotherapy alone.
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PMID:[A case of small cell lung cancer complicated by Cushing syndrome]. 1840 68

A 57-year old woman had a five-day history of cough and high fever followed by abnormal behavior and headache with signs of meningeal irritation. A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) exam revealed polymorphonuclear pleocytosis. Streptococcus pneumoniae was cultured from the patient's CSF and serum. Clinical features and laboratory investigations supported a diagnosis of pneumococcal meningoencephalitis. After treatment with intravenous meropenem (MEPM), the patient's laboratory data improved and her neck stiffness disappeared, but a brain MRI showed white matter lesions in the bilateral frontal and temporal lobes. The patient responded to pulse therapy with intravenous methylprednisolone (1 g/day), carried out over three days: she recovered neurological function and her MRI lesions resolved. We report a case of acute meningoencephalitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, mimicking acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). We suggest that pneumococcal infection is one of the pathogenetic factors in ADEM.
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PMID:[Acute meningoencephalitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, mimicking acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]. 1845 57

Headaches provoked by cough, prolonged physical exercise and sexual activity have not been studied prospectively, clinically and neuroradiologically. Our aim was to delimitate characteristics, etiology, response to treatment and neuroradiological diagnostic protocol of those patients who consult to a general Neurological Department because of provoked headache. Those patients who consulted due to provoked headaches between 1996 and 2006 were interviewed in depth and followed-up for at least 1 year. Neuroradiological protocol included cranio-cervical MRI for all patients with cough headache and dynamic cerebrospinal functional MRI in secondary cough headache cases. In patients with headache provoked by prolonged physical exercise or/and sexual activity cranial neuroimaging (CT and/or MRI) was performed and, in case of suspicion of subarachnoid bleeding, angioMRI and/or lumbar tap were carried out. A total of 6,412 patients consulted due to headache during the 10 years of the study. The number of patients who had consulted due to any of these headaches is 97 (1.5% of all headaches). Diagnostic distribution was as follows: 68 patients (70.1%) consulted due to cough headache, 11 (11.3%) due to exertional headache and 18 (18.6%) due to sexual headache. A total of 28 patients (41.2%) out of 68 were diagnosed of primary cough headache, while the remaining 40 (58.8%) had secondary cough headache, always due to structural lesions in the posterior fossa, which in most cases was a Chiari type I malformation. In seven patients, cough headache was precipitated by treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. As compared to the primary variety, secondary cough headache began earlier (average 40 vs. 60 years old), was located posteriorly, lasted longer (5 years vs. 11 months), was associated with posterior fossa symptoms/signs and did not respond to indomethacin. All those patients showed difficulties in the cerebrospinal fluid circulation in the foramen magnum region in the dynamic MRI study and preoperative plateau waves, which disappeared after posterior fossa reconstruction. The mean age at onset for primary headaches provoked by physical exercise and sexual activity began at the same age (40 years old), shared clinical characteristics (bilateral, pulsating) and responded to beta-blockers. Contrary to cough headache, secondary cases are rare and the most frequent etiology was subarachnoid bleeding. In conclusion, these conditions account for a low proportion of headache consultations. These data show the total separation between cough headache versus headache due to physical exercise and sexual activity, confirm that these two latter headaches are clinical variants of the same entity and illustrate the clinical differences between the primary and secondary provoked headaches.
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PMID:Headaches precipitated by cough, prolonged exercise or sexual activity: a prospective etiological and clinical study. 1875 38

An eight month old male infant with protein energy malnutrition was admitted in the hospital with the history of repeated attacks of convulsion since four months of age. He was also suffering from frequent attacks of cough and cold since 6 months of age which was marked prior to admission. The infant had fair complexion, sparse fuzzy wooly hair with marked trunkal hypotonia. He had also mental retardation. Serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels were low, MRI showed prominent extraaxial spaces with gliosis, MR angiography revealed tortuosity of cerebral vessels. Microscopic examination of hair revealed pili torti. The patient was diagnosed as Menkes disease and treated symptomatically. For lack of facilities we were not able to do genetic study.
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PMID:Menkes kinky hair disease: A case report. 1880 Nov 84

Ruptured diaphragm as a result of blunt thorax or abdominal trauma can present acutely or late in the disease. Symptoms may be nonspecific and diagnosis can easily be missed. Patients may present with dyspnea, chest pain or cough. Chest radiograph, CT scan, and MRI are the primary diagnostic tools. Clinicians must have a high index of suspicion for prompt diagnosis, especially in patients with a history of trauma to the abdomen or thorax. The only treatment in diaphragm rupture is surgery. We report two cases of traumatic diaphragm ruptures presenting years after the trauma.
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PMID:[Late-onset traumatic rupture of the diaphragm: two case reports]. 1913 Mar 44

A 39-year old woman presented with cough. Computed tomography showed a mass in the lower lobe of the right lung. Although bronchofiberscope was performed, accurate diagnosis of the tumor was not obtained. Based on the characteristics of the tumor from the results of chest MRI and PET-CT, a diagnosis of bronchogenic cyst with infection was suspected. Therefore, surgical resection was performed, revealing an intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst and another tumor of the pleura on the vertebral body. Pathological findings demonstrated that the wall of the intrapulmonary tumor was covered with many ciliated epithelia and bronchial cartilages, suggesting a diagnosis of bronchogenic cyst. The tumor on the pleura was also diagnosed to be bronchogenic cyst based on pathological findings. Therefore, we diagnosed both intrapulmonary and pleural cysts.
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PMID:[A case of bronchogenic cyst coexisted with intrapulmonary and pleural cysts]. 1919 33

A 54-year-old woman brought by ambulance had a lower abdominal mass and cough. Bilateral pleural effusion was revealed by X-ray and CT. An abdominal CT and MRI disclosed bilateral ovarian tumors which were considered to be metastatic tumors. GI endoscopy disclosed IIc-like advanced gastric cancer on the posterior wall of the stomach. Distal gastrectomy, total hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy were carried out. Gastric cancer was pathologically diagnosed as signet-ring cell carcinoma. Ovarian tumors had a similar histology, which suggested metastasis from gastric cancer. Since bilateral pleural effusion completely vanished after the ovarian resection, we concluded that this case coincided with pseudo-Meigs' syndrome. Pseudo-Meigs' syndrome of metastatic ovarian tumor from gastric cancer is very rare, only 3 cases having been reported in Japan.
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PMID:[A case of pseudo-Meigs' syndrome caused by metastatic ovarian tumors from gastric cancer]. 1934 21

Solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura are rare malignant pathological findings, accounting for only 5% of all pleural neoplasms. Clinical manifestations are very unspecific and over 50% of the cases are asymptomatic. The commonest clinical symptoms include cough, pains, dyspnoea, fever and weight loss. The recommended diagnostic methods include chest x-ray, CT and MRI imaging and positrone emission tomography. The CT-assissted puction biopsy yield is less than 50%. The authors present a case review of a 58-year-old female with a history of dyspnoea. Her chest x-ray and CT examination suggested a large cystoid lesion in the right hemithorax, with extensive dystelectasis of the right lung lobe. Functional pulmonary examination confirmed severe gas transfer dysfunction, with diffusion lung capacity of 47% of the normal. Stenosis of the right middle and lower lobar bronchus resulting from extramusral pressure was detected on bronchoscopy. The authors performed right-sided thoracotomy and removed an encapsulated solid tumor measuring 24 x 16 x 13.5 cm and weighting 2850 grams from the thoracic cavity. Benign solitary fibrous tumor was diagnosed on histology. The postoperative course was complicated by bleeding into the pleural cavity, which was managed conservatively and did not require subsequent surgical revision. The patient was released for home care in a good condition. The aim of the study is to draw attention to this tumorous disorder of the pleura - the solitary fibrous tumor.
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PMID:[Giant solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura--case report]. 1952 38

To examine the diagnostic value of history, physical examination and needle EMG in predicting nerve root compression on MRI in patients with clinical suspicion of lumbosacral radicular syndrome (LSRS). Subjects comprised 202 consecutive patients from January 2006 to March 2007 with suspicion of LSRS referred by general practitioners. Clinical evaluation consisted of history, physical examination, EMG and MRI. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to calculate the diagnostic value of each test item compared to radiological nerve root compression. 95 patients (47%) had radiological nerve root compression. Significant predictors of radiological nerve root compression were dermatomal radiation [odds ratio (OR) 2.1], more pain on coughing, sneezing or straining (OR 2.4), positive straight leg raising (OR 3.0) and ongoing denervation on EMG (OR 4.5). 15 patients (7%) had ongoing denervation on EMG without radiological nerve root compression. In clinical practice, dermatomal radiation, more pain on coughing, sneezing or straining, positive straight leg raising and ongoing denervation on EMG may be used to predict nerve root compression on MRI. EMG may also be of additional value in patient with clinical suspicion of lumbosacral radicular syndrome without nerve root involvement on MRI.
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PMID:Diagnostic value of history, physical examination and needle electromyography in diagnosing lumbosacral radiculopathy. 1976 81


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