Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a rare case of primary thoracic rhabdomyosarcoma in a girl who was referred with acute chest pain, hacking cough, and wheezing. A chest X-ray revealed a complete opacity of the right hemithorax. Ultrasound revealed a right-sided pleural effusion and a solid mass above the liver dome, suggesting a neoplastic disease, which quickly led to further specific examination. Use of CT and MRI together with bone scintigraphy completed the investigation. The biopsy specimen showed a pattern of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. This case was reported to emphasize the role of US in the evaluation of a child with hemithorax opacity.
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PMID:Integrated diagnostic imaging of primary thoracic rhabdomyosarcoma. 1128 60

Rational approach to diagnosis and management of recurrent respiratory infections is needed, or else the child is subjected to unnecessary investigations and multiple drugs. Repeated respiratory symptoms do not mean a respiratory infection. A diagnosis of viral infection does not justify prescription of an antibiotic. Recurrent viral infections are part of the growing up process of any child. Giving antibiotics at every episode to cover "so-called superadded bacterial infections" will lead to "recurrent antibiotics" and adverse effects on growth. Systematic approach should be used to find the underlying cause. An otoscopic examination of a child should form part of a pediatric examination in all cases of respiratory infections. Antibiotics should be judiciously chosen depending on age, socioeconomic status, severity of infection and the type of organism expected and always given in adequate doses and proper duration. Treatment should be specific and symptomatic. Adequate drainage of the sinuses is an important adjuvant therapy. Use of cough syrups with various combinations should be avoided. Efforts should be made to diagnose and treat manifestations of hyperactive airway or allergy, role of CEA (cough equivalent asthma) and WLRI (Wheeze associated lower respiratory infections). Investigations are needed in recent lower respiratory infections and adverse effect on growth, school performance, abnormal physical findings. CBC, CRP, ESR, nasal smear, appropriate cultures, tests for TB, X-Rays, barium studies, milk scan, ultra sound, CT, MRI, bronchoscopy in selected cases.
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PMID:Approach to recurrent respiratory infections. 1141 74

Mediastinal mature teratomas are rare in children. Diagnosis is often made in the presence of a complication. We report a case of a mature mediastinal teratoma, complicated by its opening in the lung. The patient was a four-year-eight-month-old girl. She was admitted for fever, cough and dyspnea. The chest radiography showed a large mediastinal mass with calcifications. The CT scans and MRI aided in establishing the diagnosis. Biological tests (alpha-foetoproteins and beta-HCG) confirmed the benignity of the tumor. The child was operated on with full success.
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PMID:[Apropos of a mediastinal teratoma invading the lung]. 1181 Oct 31

Angiomyolipoma is a common tumor of the kidney but has rarely been found in the mediastinum. We report a case of angiomyolipoma of the posterior mediastinum in a 62-year-old woman. She experienced exertional dyspnea and intermittent cough at admission. Computed tomography indicated a tumor located at the left paravertebral and upper posterior mediastinum and MRI imaging demonstrated a mass with low signal intensity in T1-weighted image at T4-5 level. Thoracotomy was done for surgical removal of the tumor and histologic examination revealed a mesenchymal tumor composed of mature fat, capillaries and smooth muscle fibers. The tumor was immunohistochemically positive for CD34 and factor-VIII (for vascular component) smooth muscle actin (for smooth muscle component) and S-100 protein (for fat component). There have been four case reports about mediastinal angiomyolipoma, namely three Japanese cases and one French case. It is suggested that angiomyolipoma could be considered for the differential diagnosis of mediastinal tumors.
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PMID:A case of mediastinal angiomyolipoma. 1185 61

A 80-year-old male visited an outpatient department of a nearby hospital complaining of fever, cough, and poor appetite on June 2000. The patient was diagnosed as bacterial pneumonia and was treated with antibiotics although specific cause could not be identified. After one month, he was hospitalized due to lack of improvement. After admission, acid-fast bacilli (AFB) was found from the bronchial washing. The patient was then transferred to our hospital. Upon admission, sputum smear examination was positive for AFB and MTB was confirmed by PCR. Therapy was initiated with INH 300 mg, RFP 450 mg, EB 1000 mg, and PZA 1000 mg, orally daily. However, on the day following the admission, he became unconscious. Brain MRI showed several small granulomas on the cortex of the bilateral anterior and temporal brain. Although AFB was not detected from the cerebrospinal fluid, tuberculous meningitis was suspected and steroid was given. Nine days after admission, the patient died due to tuberculous meningitis. The isolation of MTB had been attempted on Ogawa culture medium using patient's sputum and liquor, and it took 14 weeks to find colony growth both from sputum and liquor. In the autopsy, numerous granulomas were detected in his lung, liver, kidney, and pancreas. These findings indicate that disseminated growth of MTB occurred in vivo in spite of very slow growth of MTB in vitro.
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PMID:[A case of disseminated tuberculosis requiring extended period for the identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on culture]. 1190 31

A 27-year-old man complaining of cough was admitted to our hospital because of a giant mediastinal tumor on the chest radiograph. Chest CT and MRI revealed a giant polycystic mediastinal tumor. Chest radiographs on admission showed left pleural effusion due to perforation of the cyst. Laboratory data showed high serum and pleural fluid concentrations of CA 125, CA 19-9, SLX and others. The mediastinal mass was resected and diagnosed pathologically as a mature teratoma. It is reported that patients with mediastinal teratomas often have pleural fluid as a result of self-digestion by pancreatic enzymes, and some mediastinal teratomas have high serum tumor marker levels. We suspected that the high serum tumor marker levels in our case were caused by the high concentrations of tumor markers in the pleural fluid. We suggest that serum tumor marker levels may be useful in the preoperative differential diagnosis of anterior mediastinal cystic tumors.
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PMID:[A case of mediastinal teratoma with elevated serum tumor marker levels]. 1192 19

A 58-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of cough, polydipsia and polyuria. Chest CT films showed mediastinal lymphadenopathy, nodules in the lung fields, and pleural effusion. Histopathologic examination of transbronchial biopsy specimens showed oat cell carcinoma. MRI films revealed tumorous swelling of the pituitary stalk. Central diabetes insipidus caused by pituitary metastasis of small cell lung cancer was diagnosed. After treatment with whole-brain irradiation and chemotherapy, the size of the swollen pituitary stalk was reduced and his urine volume decreased. He died of respiratory insufficiency 15 months after the initial diagnosis. No recurrence of pituitary metastasis was apparent. This was a rare case of central diabetes insipidus caused by pituitary metastasis of small cell lung cancer successfully treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
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PMID:[A case of central diabetes insipidus caused by metastatic small cell lung cancer]. 1197 72

A 52-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with sudden diplopia, right ophthalmalgia, and occipital pain. The nature of her headache was continuous, and changing her position provided no relief. Three weeks before her admission, she experienced continuous cough and rhinorrhea during a few days. On admission, her neurological examination revealed right abducens paralysis, and right lateral gaze aggravated diplopia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging scan demonstrated diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement by gadolinium. Radioisotope cisternography showed a leak of cerebrospinal fluid from near the third lumbar vertebra. The first lumbar puncture revealed an initial pressure of 0 mm H2O. She was given a diagnosis of spontaneous intracranial hypotension due to a leak of the cerebrospinal fluid. During her hospitalization, she complained of vertigo and nausea. We found horizontal gaze nystagmus to left side and sensorineural deafness in her left ear, which improved in a few days. After treatment by a lumbar epidural continuous infusion of saline and a lumbar epidural blood patch, her headache and abnormal MRI findings had improved. The continuous cough before her admission may be the cause of the leak of cerebrospinal fluid. We had difficulty in diagnosis only by the history and clinical examination, because she had no history of orthostatic headache.
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PMID:[A case of spontaneous intracranial hypotension without any history of positional headache]. 1251 25

Ruptured diaphragm as a result of blunt trauma can present acutely or late in the disease, process. Late presentation is often a result of herniation of abdominal contents into the thorax. Patients may present with nonspecific symptoms, and may complain of chest pain, abdominal pain, dyspnea, tachypnea, or cough. Clinicians must have a high index of suspicion for prompt diagnosis. Diagnostic tools include chest radiograph, CT scan, and MRI. The treatment for rupture of the diaphragm is surgical. The authors report a case of traumatic rupture of the diaphragm presenting 20 years after an automobile accident with blunt trauma to the abdomen.
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PMID:Delayed presentation of traumatic rupture of the diaphragm. 1273 6

Intraspinal neurenteric cysts are rare congenital cystic lesions, formed due to displacement of elements forming the alimentary canal. We report an 11-month-old infant presenting with a soft, fluctuant and transilluminant swelling posterior to the anus since birth; the size of the swelling varied with alterations in intraspinal pressure subsequent to crying, coughing, or sneezing. MRI showed a multiloculated lesion anterior to the sacrum and coccyx. Near total excision was carried out without any worsening in the neurological status.
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PMID:Presacral neurenteric cyst in an infant. 1294 6


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