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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Primary care physicians are often required to make preliminary evaluations based only on the patient's history, especially during telephone encounters about sore throats. The authors studied adults with sore throats to determine whether patients can be stratified into higher and lower risks of strep throat by history alone. They first obtained data from 517 patients seen in an emergency room. Providers graded symptoms on a four-point scale (absent, mild, moderate, or severe). Initial analyses showed that prediction based on history should include three variables: fever, difficulty in swallowing, and cough. For ease of computation, these were consolidated into one score, "history" (= fever history + difficulty in swallowing - cough). This score was used to develop a model that predicts the probability of infection with group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus, and the model's performance was tested in two additional patient groups. The predictive accuracy of the "history" score was confirmed in all patient groups, despite differences in providers and disease prevalences. Primary care physicians may use this model to help them make decisions in situations such as telephone encounters without using additional data.
J Gen Intern Med
PMID:Rational decision making based on history: adult sore throats. 328 26

The transmission of whooping cough in a general practice community was followed after the identification of the first case for nearly three years. Intensive case-finding was undertaken to detect contacts of known cases of whooping cough and to take pernasal swabs from those with any cough; 102 swabs were taken. In three months 39 cases of whooping cough were clinically diagnosed, 17 (44%) of which were confirmed bacteriologically. All had a prolonged paroxysmal cough, one-third reported a catarrhal phase, 18 (46%) vomited with paroxysms and nine (23%) whooped. No isolations of Bordetella pertussis were obtained from the 84 contacts with non-paroxysmal coughs. There was no evidence that subclinical bordetella infection (showing none of the signs of whooping cough) is a common occurrence.It is probable that many recognizable cases of whooping cough are missed because it can be a milder illness than is often realized and commonly exhibits neither whooping, vomiting nor a catarrhal phase. Paroxysms may be infrequent. The diagnosis of whooping cough should be suspected from a prolonged paroxysmal cough alone.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1986 Dec
PMID:A search for subclinical infection during a small outbreak of whooping cough: implications for clinical diagnosis. 366 3

Thirty-four children, aged between three and nine years, presenting with nocturnal cough, were studied on successive nights using an automatic voice activated tape recorder system. Children with a family history of atopy coughed significantly more than children without such a family history. A wide variation in cough frequency was found both between and within subjects. No effects of treatment on cough frequency were demonstrated. Some of the physiological and pathological mechanisms underlying night cough are discussed.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1986 Feb
PMID:Night cough and general practice research. 371 37

Problems of evaluating health care arise partly from the amorphous nature of health itself. Using a method which allows a wide range of clinical information to be analysed in fine detail, the relative efficacy of antibiotics in the treatment of cough is explored, as well as some benzodiazepines, in the treatment of anxiety.Results are presented in terms of percentages of patients whose target symptoms were treated with the drug stated, and who returned or whose symptoms returned after an interval of time. The breadth of the system allows other paramedical factors to be evaluated in the increasingly important impact that the wider social malaise has on medical practice.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1974 Dec
PMID:A method of evaluating treatment in general practice. 446 18

A retrospective study of morbidity and prescribing habits in a tropical practice is presented. The common symptoms of pain, cough, and fever accounted for 60 per cent of all cases seen while analgesics accounted for 30 per cent of all drugs prescribed.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1974 Oct
PMID:Prescribing patterns and morbidity in a tropical practice. 446 38

Thirty-five children between the ages of one year and 11 years who presented with chronic or recurring cough over a two-year period were treated for asthma. They were given bronchodilator syrup for a trial period of one month. All the children improved symptomatically.It is suggested that any child with a persistent cough or recurring cough should be given bronchodilator syrup even in the absence of wheeze and particularly when there is a family history of asthma. This might result in the early diagnosis of unrecognized asthma and help to reduce the amount of unnecessary antibiotics and cough linctus that these children receive.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1984 Apr
PMID:Chronic or recurrent cough in children--a presentation of asthma? 650 60

One hundred and seventy-eight mothers who had recently been delivered were interviewed before discharge from hospital to ascertain their initial intentions about vaccination of their children. Nine months later the behaviour of 154 mothers was checked from health service records; 24 were lost to follow-up.One hundred and forty-one (92 per cent) of the infants had received at least one dose of vaccine against polio, diphtheria and tetanus. Eighty-five infants (63 per cent of 135) had received at least one dose of vaccine against whooping-cough; 19 mothers had been advised against the vaccine. Failure to have their children vaccinated against whooping-cough correlated with the mothers' initial intentions, although a high proportion of mothers who were initially against the vaccine had started vaccination by the time their child was nine months old. Mothers attending general practitioners were more likely to have their infants vaccinated against whooping-cough than those attending community health clinics, and this difference was not explained by the social characteristics of the mothers nor by more positive early intentions among the mothers who attended general practitioners.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1983 Apr
PMID:Mothers' intentions and the immunization of their infants. 688 91

The number and therapeutic grouping of prescriptions given to children before reaching their fifth birthday were examined. The records of 92 children were looked at. Between them they had received 1,241 individual prescriptions of which 33 per cent were for antibiotics, and 31 per cent for an antihistamine or cough linctus. Ninety-six per cent of the children had received at least one course of antibiotics and the average child 4.5 courses (SD +/- 3.9); 89 per cent had received an antihistamine or cough linctus, and 50 per cent a skin preparation.
J R Coll Gen Pract 1980 Sep
PMID:An examination of the prescribed therapeutic experience of five-year-olds in general practice. 745 89

1. We examined the effect of spirapril, a potent angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, on the number of capsaicin-induced coughs in rats and compared with that of enalapril. 2. Chronic treatment with enalapril, at doses of 1 and 3 mg/kg, p.o., significantly and dose-dependently enhanced the number of capsaicin-induced coughs. 3. Chronic treatment with higher dose of spirapril (3 mg/kg, p.o.) also significantly enhanced the number of capsaicin-induced coughs. However, lower dose (1 mg/kg, p.o.) of spirapril had no significant effect on the number of capsaicin-induced coughs. 4. These results suggest that cough induced activity, one of the most serious side effects associated with chronic treatment with ACE inhibitors, of spirapril is relatively lower than that of enalapril.
Gen Pharmacol 1993 Nov
PMID:Cough induced activity of spirapril in rats. 811 17

Headaches associated with exercise, cough, and sexual activity may present a diagnostic challenge in the emergency room or primary care provider's office. The majority of these patients have no underlying intracranial pathologic condition and have a good prognosis. However, new onset of these types of headache, with or without accompanying neurologic deficit, is an indication to exclude life-threatening conditions such as subarachnoid bleeding with neuroimaging and CSF examination. Since the pathophysiology is poorly understood, treatment choices are limited. Further research is needed to elucidate the pathophysiologic mechanisms of these uncommon headaches and to assess the cost-effectiveness of various diagnostic and follow-up strategies.
J Gen Intern Med 1993 Jun
PMID:Uncommon headaches: diagnosis and treatment. 832 May 79


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