Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acute illness characterized by fever, cough, chest pain and pulmonary infiltrates on chest film is characteristic of patients witb sickle cell anemia and with sickle-C disease. The underlying hemoglobinopathy is usually recognized in the former, but because patients with sickle-C disease as a rule have less severe anemia and fewer, less severe crises their abnormal hemoglobin may not be detected until adolescence or adulthood. Acute pulmonary illness in such patients may therefore present a diagnostic dilemma for the unwary. Two cases are presented to highlight this point. Pulmonary angiographic findings in patients with sickle cell states might add information about the pathogenesis of this disorder since vascular occlusion appears to play a major role. Pulmonary angiograms in the two patients we describe documented the presence of localized abnormalities of perfusion. In one, the presence of filling defects in medium-sized arteries suggests intravascular thromboembolism.
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PMID:Hemoglobin S-C disease presenting as acute pneumonitis with pulmonary angiographic findings in two patients. 112 91

In a broom manufacturing factory the authors performed microclimatic measurements, measurements of sulfur dioxide concentration and dust content. Workers (n = 190) were polled regarding discomforts characteristic of sulfur dioxide effects. Sulfates were determined in urine of 56 subjects, and methemoglobin and sulfhemoglobin were determined in blood. Sulfates were determined in 43 controls and methemoglobin and sulfhemoglobin were determined in 39 controls. Sulfur dioxide concentration in work environment ranged from 17.1 to 149.4 mg/m3 in winter and from 0 to 0.75 mg/m3 in summer. The exposed workers complained most often of coughing (94.2%), dyspnea (91.0%), burning in nose, eyes and throat (from 74.7 to 83.7%), substernal pain (75.3%), sore throat (74.7%), tearing (64.7%), etc. Sulfate concentrations were found to be statistically significantly higher (P less than 0.01) in urine of workers exposed to sulfur dioxide than in the controls. Methemoglobin concentrations were also significantly higher in blood of the exposed workers, whereas no difference was found in concentrations of sulfhemoglobin.
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PMID:Discomforts and laboratory findings in workers exposed to sulfur dioxide. 365 97

This report describes a case of methemoglobinemia in association with dapsone therapy. The patient, an immunocompromised child with chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura, presented with fever, cough, perioral cyanosis, bilateral lower lobe rales, and low O2 saturation by pulse oximetry (89%). His medications included prednisone and rituximab for chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura, and dapsone for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis. Because of his lack of dyspnea and tachypnea, and the temporal association of his perioral cyanosis with the initiation of dapsone therapy, a methemoglobin (MetHb) level was obtained and found to be elevated at 9.6%. The authors discuss the mechanism and treatment of methemoglobinemia secondary to dapsone. They also stress the importance of monitoring for signs and symptoms of methemoglobinemia in immunocompromised patients on dapsone therapy for P. carinii pneumonia prophylaxis.
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PMID:Methemoglobinemia associated with dapsone therapy in a child with pneumonia and chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura. 1679 11

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a serious complication after solid organ transplantation. An elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a marker of PTLD activity. We report the case of a 58-year-old female renal transplant patient with a prior history of extranodal PTLD, which developed 19 years after a second transplant. She was successfully treated with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (R-CHOP) and maintained subsequently on sirolimus and prednisone. She presented 3 years later with fever, dyspnea, cough, lung infiltrates and elevated serum LDH concerning for recurrence of PTLD. Bronchoscopy revealed Pneumocystis carinii (jiroveci) pneumonia. The patient was treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, but developed nausea and was converted to dapsone. The patient was readmitted 4 weeks later with increasing dyspnea and hypoxemia and found to have a methemoglobin level of 16%. Dapsone was discontinued with resolution of all symptoms. We discuss the diagnostic and clinical challenges in this complex case.
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PMID:Didactic lessons from the serum lactate dehydrogenase posttransplant: a clinical vignette. 1829 52

The authors report a case of acute methemoglobinemia in a patient treated with naproxen for the common cold. A 42-year-old Asian woman began taking naproxen sodium and methocarbamol formylagia, chills, and coughing. On the day prior to her emergency department (ED) admission,the patient was taking lorazepam, trazodon, and paroxetine in addition to the naproxen and methocarbamol prescribed for the cold symptoms, and she also ingested approximately 300 mL of 20% alcohol. Upon awakening the next morning, the patient experienced dyspnea and dizziness. At the hospital, she was diagnosed with severe methemoglobinemia. After initiation of methylene blue therapy, the patient's symptoms improved substantially and her serum methemoglobin levels decreased. After 10 days in the hospital, the patient was discharged without any complications.Naproxen is known to cause oxidative stress. Alcohol is known to reduce G6PD activity, and thus it is hypothesized that the administration of naproxen in an alcohol-dependent patient caused methemoglobinemia.
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PMID:Naproxen-induced methemoglobinemia in an alcohol-dependent patient. 2485 47

Objective: This study evaluated the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 29 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection admitted to Henan Provincial People's Hospital between January 27 and February 27, 2020, with follow-up until April 01, 2020. Results: The median age of the patients was 56 years. Nineteen (19/29; 65.5%) had underlying conditions including cardiovascular disease, digestive disease, or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Twenty-two (22/29; 76%) had close contact with acquaintances or family members who were confirmed or probable COVID-19 cases. Many patients had white blood cell counts with abnormal neutrophil and lymphocyte numbers, abnormal hemoglobin concentration, coagulation profiles, and blood biochemistry, and increased infection markers. Mottling and multiple ground-glass opacities were seen in X-ray images of 19 patients (19/29; 65.5%). Most patients (23/29; 79.8%) received supplemental oxygen therapy and antibiotics (23/29; 79.8%) in addition to traditional Chinese medicines (26/29; 89.7%). The most frequent presenting symptoms were fever, cough, and sputum production. One patient, an 86-years-old woman with more than one underlying disease, died during follow-up. Patients with severe disease were significantly older and more likely to have been transferred from other healthcare facilities than those with mild disease. Anemia, decreased activated partial thromboplastin time, calcium, and albumin, and increased D-dimer and interleukin-6 were more frequent in severe disease. Need of oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation, intravascular immunoglobulin, and duration of antibiotic therapy were increased in those with severe disease. Conclusions: Significant differences in demographical and clinical characteristics were observed in patients with moderate and severe COVID-19.
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PMID:A Retrospective Analysis of the Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients in Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China. 3258 40

10-20% of COVID (Corona Virus Disease)-19 cases proceed to a severe stage, and age and the presence of comorbidity increased the risk of death from COVID-19. The identification of risk factors on progression to the severity stages is essential in providing more efficient and suitable management to COVID-19 patients. However, there is insufficient study on risk factors for severity stages of COVID-19 patients. In this study, 2959 confirmed COVID-19 patients were analyzed while using national data, COVID-19 patients Clinical Epidemiological Information provided from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. The epidemiological variable, hospital room, periods from confirmation to release, initial symptom and vital signs, underlying comorbidities, and initial blood variables were used to verify the relation with progression to severity stages of COVID-19 and severe COVID-19. The chi-square test, welch test, multiple regression and logistic regression analysis were performed. The ICU (Intensive Care Unit) admission rate of patients having characteristics, such as older age, male, abnormal BMI (Body Mass Index), high heart rate, high body temperature, fever, cough, sputum, sore throat, rhinorrhea, fatigue, dyspnea, change of consciousness, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic artery disease, chronic kidney disease, cancer, dementia, abnormal hemoglobin, abnormal hematocrit, abnormal lymphocyte, abnormal platelets, and abnormal white blood cell were high. The risk factors for severe COVID-19 were older age, shorter hospitalization, abnormal lymphocyte, abnormal platelets, dyspnea, change of consciousness, and dementia. Whereas, significant predictors for progression to severity stages of COVID-19 were older age, longer period from confirmation to release, higher BMI, higher body temperature, abnormal lymphocyte, abnormal platelets, fever, no sore throat, dyspnea, no headache, COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), and dementia. Therefore, classifying patients with a high risk of severe stage of COVID-19 and managing patients by considering the risk factors could be helpful in the efficient management of COVID-19 patients.
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PMID:Risk Factors on the Progression to Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 Patients in South Korea: Using National Data. 3326 Jul 24