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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum immunoglobulin levels A, G, M, D have been studied in 902 patients suffering from allergic or non-allergic asthma, rhinitis and cough or various combinations of these disorders. In addition, a control group of asymptomatic persons was included. Serum IgA and IgD levels were significantly lower in both the allergic and non allergic groups of patients as compared to the control group, indicating that this decrease is a common feature for all patient groups studies. Serum IgA was significantly increased in amount in smokers. Serum IgA and IgG levels increased significantly with age. Females showed significantly higher serum IgM levels as compared to males. Atopic eczema did not seem to influence the serum level of immunoglobulin classes A, G, M or D.
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PMID:Serum IgA, IgG, IgM and IgD in allergic (type I) and non-allergic respiratory diseases. 683 83

We described three cases of eosinophilic pneumonia of unknown aetiology investigated clinically and by lung biopsy. The illnesses lasted between six and 20 weeks and consisted of cough, dyspnoea, malaise, and in two cases prolonged pyrexia. All had blood eosinophilia and chest radiographs showing widespread bilateral shadowing; in two cases this had a characteristic peripheral distribution. One patient recovered spontaneously and the other two responded to steroids, with disappearance of pyrexia within 12 hours and radiological clearing within 14 days. Lung function tests during the acute illness showed volume restriction or gas transfer defects or both in two cases. After remission all three showed abnormalities if small airways function. Lung biopsies performed during the acute illness were examined histologically and by transmission electron microscopy, and in two cases by immunofluorescence. There was both intra-alveolar and interstitial eosinophilic pneumonia with bronchiolitis obliterans, microgranulomata, and a vasculitis. Electron microscopy showed numerous eosinophils, many degranulated, and macrophages with phagocytosed eosinophilic granules and intracytoplasmic inclusions. In one case IgM, IgG, and IgA were demonstrated in the bronchial walls and interstitium. No IgE or complement was present. We believe that eosinophil granules are responsible for the tissue damage and fever and suggest mechanisms for this and for the response to steroid therapy.
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PMID:Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. 700 96

Antibodies to antigens in humidifier water were detected by double immunodiffusion in 30 of 63 (47.6%) persons who were exposed to aerosols from a water humidification unit in a cigar plant, whereas no antibodies could be detected in 49 unexposed blood donors (P less than 0.001). The presence of antibodies could not be related to fever or pulmonary symptoms (cough, expectoration, dyspnoe). Antibodies were found in 14 (93.3%) of 15 nonsmokers and in only 13 (31.7%) of 41 smokers (P less than 0.001), and the titres were highest in nonsmokers. Serum IgG and IgA levels were higher in nonsmokers than in smokers, and the variances within the groups were significantly different (F less than 0.05 and F less than 0.05, respectively). The mean serum IgM values were not significantly different in the two groups. Antibodies to Candida albicans and Escherichia coli 04 and 075 were detected with equal prevalences and titres in smokers and nonsmokers. These findings suggest that tobacco smoking may suppress the humoral immune response to inhaled antigens but not to antigens which are supposed to be absorbed through membranes other than those of the bronchopulmonary system. They may partly explain the reported increased incidence of allergic alveolitis in nonsmokers.
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PMID:Serum antibodies and immunoglobulins in smokers and nonsmokers. 704 42

The pertussis vaccination programme was started in Finland in 1952. Since then the incidence of the disease has decreased. No major epidemics have occurred during the last two decades. The majority of the patients with pertussis are children of school age. Their disease is characterized by prolonged cough without whooping and it is difficult to diagnose. The patients with atypical pertussis are, however, the major reservoir for transmission of the disease to young infants, in whom it can be serious. Recently developed ELISA for measuring antipertussis IgM and IgA antibodies is a valuable aid in the diagnosis of these cases. Pertussis vaccination has been a subject of considerable controversy in recent years. The vaccine used in Finland has proved to be safe and effective. This observation emphasizes the need for careful comparison of the vaccines used in different countries.
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PMID:Current status of pertussis and pertussis vaccination in Finland. 717 Dec 32

In vivo and in vitro mucociliary clearance have been investigated in 27 patients with chronic bronchitis with relation to the rheological, cytobacteriological and biochemical characteristics of sputum. In normal subjects, the mean percentage of bronchial radioactivity cleared (PBRC) by mucociliary clearance was 30.1 +/- SD: 12.5. The patients studied were differentiated into two groups: 1) 10 patients showing a PBRC similar to that of the normal subjects (30.6 +/- SD: 14.3), 2) 17 patients with a markedly decreased mucociliary clearance (PBRC: 4.1 +/- SD: 4.2). In the healthy subjects, PBRC by coughing was significantly lower than by mucociliary clearance, while no consistent difference was observed in the patients. A weak but significant positive correlation (r = 0.53, P less than 0.01) was observed between in vivo mucociliary clearance and the relative transport rate of the sputum measured on the ciliated frog palate mucosa. The optimal rheological conditions for mucociliary transport were characterized by an apparent viscosity (eta 0) ranging from 25 to 180 poise, a strain recovery (SR) ranging from 4 to 12 units and an elastic modulus (G) ranging from 4 to 8 dyn/cm-2. The apparent viscosity and the elastic modulus G respectively, were significantly correlated with the concentration of serum albumin and of secretory IgA. Patients with a sputum leukocyte count higher than 3500/mm3 had a significantly decreased mucociliary clearance in comparison with non-purulent sputum patients.
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PMID:Mucociliary transport in vivo and in vitro. Relations to sputum properties in chronic bronchitis. 720 98

Dogs inoculated intranasally with a live avirulent Bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine were monitored for the development of resistance to experimentally induced infectious tracheobronchitis (canine cough). Dogs were challenge exposed with a virulent strains of B bronchiseptica at various times after they were vaccinated. Clinical protection was detectable as early as 48 hours. At postvaccination days 4, 5, and 14, 56%, 83%, and 95% protection was observed. Humoral immunoglobulin (Ig) titers ranged from 1:8.6 on day 0 to 1:147 on postvaccination day 21. In the monitoring of B bronchiseptica-specific secretory IgA by indirect immunofluorescence, titers appeared as early as day 4 after vaccination. The IgA titers ranged from 1:16 on day 4 to 1: 1,024 on day 21. The appearance of IgA titers correlated with the development of resistance to clinical infection.
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PMID:Intranasal vaccination of dogs with liver avirulent Bordetella bronchiseptica: correlation of serum agglutination titer and the formation of secretory IgA with protection against experimentally induced infectious tracheobronchitis. 727 Oct 29

A 48-years-old patient with a clinical picture of dyspnea, unproductive cough, and nonspecific thoracic pain is reported. The most outstanding finding in the physical examination was the auscultation of fine crepitants after inhalation, located in both pulmonary bases. The chest X-ray desmonstrated the existence of some confluent, bilateral opacities of a net basal predominance, which were suggestive of an interstitial process. The lung biopsy, through a thoracotomy, has allowed for the diagnosis of a desquamative interstitial pneumonia. The alterations found in the humoral immunity, which basically consisted of an important increase of IgG and a less-marked increase of IgA, have shown a regressive tendency, closely correlated to a good response to the steroid therapy. The clinical and roentgenological course of the patient has been similarly favourable.
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PMID:[Immunological alterations in a case of desquamative interstitial pneumonia (author's transl)]. 738 12

Polyvalent vaccine bronchovaxom (BV) was studied for efficacy against chronic obstructive bronchitis and bronchial asthma exacerbation. Good results were reported: reduction of disability duration, number of recurrences, cough intensity, discharged sputum. Laboratory tests discovered that BV brought about IgE decrease, IgA, T3, T4/T8 increase in bronchoalveolar lavage.
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PMID:[Use of bronchovaxom in the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis and bronchial asthma]. 761 33

To evaluate the role of adults in the transmission of pertussis during an epidemic, persons presenting with unexplained cough to ambulatory care clinics were evaluated for evidence of pertussis infection. Nasopharyngeal specimens for culture and serum samples for IgG and IgA antibodies to filamentous hemagglutinin and pertussis toxin antigens of Bordetella pertussis were obtained. Thirty-eight adults were enrolled in the study; 10 (26%) had serologic evidence of B. pertussis infection. Clinical findings were not significantly different among persons with and without evidence of pertussis infection. Pertussis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of persistent cough in all age groups. Future use of new acellular pertussis vaccines in adults may substantially impact the control of the infection.
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PMID:Pertussis infection among adults during the 1993 outbreak in Chicago. 776 11

A pertussis outbreak was studied prospectively in an elementary school with 39 pupils. All had been immunized with at least three doses of Finnish diphtheria-tetanus toxoid-pertussis vaccine. Diagnosis of pertussis was based on culture, polymerase chain reaction results, and EIA serology using filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), pertussis toxin, and 69-kDa outer membrane protein as antigens. At the first sampling, 21 children had symptoms suggestive of pertussis, and 18 were healthy. Of the latter, 8 remained healthy without any antibiotic treatment and 9 developed clinical pertussis 1-22 days later. One child developed cough later, but this symptom did not meet criteria for pertussis. The mean levels of IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies to FHA were significantly higher in 8 healthy children than in 9 children who developed pertussis after the first sampling (P < .001, P = .027, and P = .011, respectively). The results show that antibodies to FHA of Bordetella pertussis in immunized schoolchildren correlate with protection against pertussis.
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PMID:Antibodies to filamentous hemagglutinin of Bordetella pertussis and protection against whooping cough in schoolchildren. 807 34


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