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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke on pulmonary function were assessed in 21 subjects with asthma who claimed respiratory complaints (cough, shortness of breath, and chest tightness) on previous exposure to cigarette smoke. Exposure to mechanically produced tobacco smoke was performed in a static inhalation chamber for two-hour intervals at two distinct smoke levels (as measured by carbon monoxide, nicotine, and particulate levels). Seven of the 21 smoke-challenged subjects experienced a significant (greater than 20%) decline in FEV1 during passive exposure to tobacco smoke. One of these seven subjects was nonatopic, whereas a second subject had a negative response to methacholine challenge. The smoke-challenge responses were reproducible in all seven reactive subjects. Increasing concentrations of tobacco smoke failed to elicit pulmonary changes in previously challenged, unreactive or "smoke-tolerant" subjects. There was no association between a positive smoke challenge and the presence of serum IgE antibodies and/or a positive immediate wheal-and-flare skin test to a tobacco leaf extract. Collectively, these studies document a significant decline in pulmonary function in a substantial percentage (33%) of a population of "smoke-sensitive" subjects with asthma exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. The data also dissociate this effect from tobacco-leaf hypersensitivity.
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PMID:Cigarette smoke-sensitive asthma: challenge studies. 317 Sep 82

Storage mites (acarid mites) are related to the house dust mite but are usually found in agricultural environments. They have been shown to cause allergic symptoms in Scottish farmworkers exposed to stored hay, but whether farmworkers who grow and store grain are also at risk is unknown. One hundred and one farmworkers on 22 Essex farms with grain storage facilities (88% of the available workforce) participated in a survey of respiratory symptoms, with skin tests and determination of serum levels of IgE specific for mite species, including storage mites. Of the 101 workers, 21 reported attacks of cough, wheeze, or breathlessness after exposure to stored grain and 15 reported nasal symptoms after grain exposure. Storage mite specific IgE was found in 59% of farmworkers with work related respiratory symptoms, in 60% with work related nasal symptoms, and in only 9% of symptomless farmworkers. Work related respiratory and nasal symptoms were also significantly associated with atopy, and with positive skin test responses and serum IgE specific for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. Storage mites were found in grain samples from 16 farms in which grain was sampled, whereas D pteronyssinus was not found in any. The close association between serum storage mite specific IgE and occupational respiratory symptoms suggests that storage mites may be responsible for respiratory symptoms in these Essex farmworkers exposed to grain.
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PMID:Respiratory symptoms in arable farmworkers: role of storage mites. 319 76

Fifty adult subjects referred to a respiratory function laboratory of a tertiary care hospital for respiratory symptoms of uncertain etiology were investigated prospectively by means of a questionnaire, isocapnic inhalation of dry cold air (-20 degrees C), histamine inhalation tests, monitoring of peak expiratory flow rates, total eosinophil counts, and total IgE. Wheezing, tightness in the chest, dyspnea, and cough were reported by 35, 23, 41, and 30 subjects, respectively. FEV1 values less than 80% pred were found in only 2 subjects. Twenty-nine subjects had a PC20 histamine less than or equal to 16 mg/ml. Twenty, 15, and 10% falls in FEV1 were found in 10, 18, and 26 subjects, respectively, using hyperventilation of cold air. Significant eosinophilia and increased total IgE levels were seen in 5 and 18 subjects, respectively. Eight subjects had daily changes in PEFR greater than 20% on at least 1 day of monitoring. There was no significant association between specific responses to the respiratory questionnaire or the presence of rhinitis on the one hand and bronchial responsiveness to histamine and cold air on the other hand. The 10 subjects who demonstrated a greater than 20% change in FEV1 after cold air inhalation also had a PC20 less than 16 mg/ml, and 5 of them reacted at a concentration less than or equal to 2 mg/ml. Two subjects who had a PC20 less than or equal to 2 mg/ml demonstrated a less than 20% change in FEV1 after inhaling cold air. There was no association between the increase in total eosinophils or IgE and bronchial hyperresponsiveness.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness to inhaled histamine and hyperventilation of cold dry air in subjects with respiratory symptoms of uncertain etiology. 319 1

The authors examined the action of non-specific bronchial reactivity to methacholine (IBA) before and after treatment with ambroxol in a group of a children with clinic symptomatology of recurrent cough and/or rhinitis. The little patients are selected from a pediatric population that, besides the clinical data mentioned above, had a high probability to manifest nonspecific bronchial reactivity for which clinical and anamnestic data predisposed. In all patients were carried out an allergologic examination with the execution of Prick test and determination of total IgE. The results obtained and discussed suggest a favorable employ of the drug that is able to normalize the functional condition of the bronchial mucous membrane and of the ciliary apparatus which alteration are frequently present in subjects with high non-specific bronchial reactivity.
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PMID:[Study of the activity of ambroxol in children with aspecific bronchial hyperreactivity]. 331 96

One hundred and thirty four ambulatory children with bronchial asthma were investigated in the Pediatric Pulmonary-Allergic Service. In 95 patients an interval characterised by prodromal respiratory symptoms (cough, rhinorrhoea, and wheezing), behavioural changes (irritability, apathy, anxiety, and sleep disorders), gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain and anorexia), fever, itching, skin eruptions, and toothache preceded the onset of the attack of asthma. Each child had his own constant set of prodromal findings. A significant age related increase in serum IgE concentrations was observed in these patients. No such relation was observed in children with an acute onset of attack of asthma without any preceding symptoms. We suggest that awareness of these prodromal symptoms may lead to an early introduction of treatment, thus avoiding or abbreviating some of the acute attacks of asthma.
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PMID:Prodromal features of asthma. 359 26

This was a study of 50 patients, aged 3 months to 10 years. There were 27 males and 23 females. Symptoms varied from respiratory complaints to rash, headaches, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Twenty-seven patients had runny nose, 15 wheezing, 19 frequent infections, 10 coughing, 10 ear infections, 9 rash, 6 gastrointestinal symptoms, and 6 with headaches. Laboratory evaluation showed that 16 patients had elevated IgE. Forty-six patients had IgE RAST evaluation. Of these, only 17 had positive IgE RAST for foods including corn, egg, wheat, and milk. In contrast, 32 of 46 patients had positive IgG RAST for foods including corn, egg, wheat, and milk. Elimination diet of IgE RAST-positive and IgG RAST-positive foods caused a 70% reduction of symptoms. Although the data suggest that IgG antibodies may be helpful, further studies are warranted.
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PMID:Clinical studies of food allergy in infants and children. 368 67

Both upper and lower respiratory tracts can be affected by food allergy. In infants these symptoms may be due exclusively to food allergy or may result from the effect of food allergy and another co-factor (gastro-esophageal reflux, immunodeficiency, concomitant allergy to inhalants, etc.). The incidence of food-induced asthma is not well know. In this study, using open and double blind food challenge, we found that the incidence of IgE-mediated, food-induced asthma in children is 5.7%. The most offending foods were milk, eggs, and peanuts. Food allergy respiratory symptoms were almost always associated with other clinical manifestations (cutaneous, gastrointestinal). In fact we have been able to demonstrate only one isolated case of cough due to food allergy. It follows that the recognition of food dependent-IgE-mediated asthma is essentially limited to these cases characterized by food allergy with asthmatic expression.
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PMID:[Incidence of asthma caused by food allergy in childhood]. 369 22

History of acute symptoms (cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, fever, stuffy nose, and skin itching/rash) following exposure to grain dust was obtained from 661 male and 535 female current and former farmers. These symptoms were relatively common: 60% of male and 25% of female farmers reported at least one such symptom on exposure to grain dust. Association of cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, and stuffy nose with skin reactivity and capacity to form IgE is consistent with an allergic nature of these symptoms. Barley and oats dust were perceived as dust most often producing symptoms. On the other hand, grain fever showed a different pattern, i.e., it was not associated with either skin reactivity or total IgE. Smoking might modify the susceptibility to react to grain dust with symptoms. Only those who reported wheezing on exposure to grain dust may have an increased risk to develop chronic airflow obstruction.
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PMID:Acute symptoms following exposure to grain dust in farming. 370 86

The authors report the clinical, biological, radiological findings of 109 infants hospitalised for acute bronchiolitis. A prospective study was possible in 74 of them with an average of follow up of 18 months. After the admission, 31% were asymptomatic, 56% suffered at least one or several episode of wheezing, 13% have recurrent or chronic bronchopulmonary symptoms including cough and airway obstruction. Three points appeared determinant to predict recurrent wheezing: the rate of IgE, a familial history of atopy, and radiological pulmonary hyperexpansion. There was no statistic difference of evolution between the infants with wheezing at the admission and the others. The main prospective studies were analysed for discussion of the prognostic problems.
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PMID:[Short-term outcome of infants hospitalized for an attack of acute bronchiolitis]. 384 34

We present a case of Farmer's lung with antibodies to Thermoactinomyces vulgaris and Aspergillus fumigatus. A 56-year-old male patient with an atopic family medical history came to our hospital complaining of cough, dyspnea, fever, asthenia and anorexia. His condition worsened after being exposed to cereal powder, becoming symptomatic after 20 minutes or on occasion after 6 hours. Physical examination showed basal crepitant rales in lung auscultation. The radiograph of the thorax showed a bilateral interstitial reticulo-nodular pattern. An obstructive pattern was found on functional respiratory examination. There was also a slight restriction along with the decrease of the VC and a significant reversal of the M.M.E.F. with anticholinergics. The tests for intradermal cutaneous allergies were positive after 20 minutes and for Aspergillus fumigatus Niger and Terreus (Bencard) after 6 hours. With immunoelectrophoresis and double diffusion, precipitation bands in the presence of Aspergillus fumigatus and Thermoactinomyces, were detected. IgG and IgE were high-1570 mg% and 1000 U/ml respectively. The histological study of the transbronchial biopsy showed dilatation of the alveolar septum caused by a lymphocytic infiltration with fragments of collagenous fibres. In bronchoalveolar lavage there was a predominance of lymphocytes and histiocytes. After exertion, arterial blood gases showed desaturation with hypoxemia. The static lung volumes and the flow and diffusion of carbon monoxide (CO) showed a moderate decrease of vital capacity, with the total lung capacity being below normal. Diffusion was markedly attenuated. The provocation test by indirect bronchial inhalation using cereal powder (Alfalfa) was positive. After six hours dyspnea, cough and leukocytosis appeared with an outbreak of fever and an increase in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Farmer's lung with antibodies against Thermoactinomyces vulgaris and Aspergillus fumigatus. Clinical course and treatment]. 390 94


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