Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 55-year-old man with myelofibrosis was treated with natural alpha-interferon with a good hematologic response. Initially, he had anemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis and hepatospleomegaly. A bone marrow biopsy showed replacement with fibrosis with an increase in megakaryocytes. Natural alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) was started at a dose of 3 x 10(6) units/day. The leukocyte and platelet counts gradually normalized, and the liver and spleen decreased in size. However, the patient complained of a dry cough and dyspnea on the 61st treatment day, when the accumulated dose of alpha-IFN treatment had reached 1.8 x 10(8) units. He subsequently developed acute respiratory failure (PaO2 < 60 mm Hg) with bilateral lung infiltrations, suggesting the occurrence of interstitial pneumonitis associated with alpha-interferon therapy. Immediately, the alpha-interferon was discontinued and high-dose methylprednisolone (1.5 g/day) was administered for 3 days. This treatment was followed by oral prednisone therapy. Steroid therapy brought about gradual improvement as suggested by a repeat radiograph. Since high levels of fibrogenic cytokines, such as PDGF and TGF-beta, have been reported in patients with myelofibrosis, it is necessary to pay attention to interstitial pneumonia as a complication in alpha-IFN therapy for myelofibrosis.
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PMID:A case of interstitial pneumonitis associated with natural alpha-interferon therapy for myelofibrosis. 915 65

The case of a 3-month-old boy with lymphoid interstitial pneumonia (LIP) is reported. He had cough and tachypnea, his weight gain was poor and a chest radiograph showed microgranular shadows in almost all lung areas. Histological investigations revealed severe cellular infiltration by a variety of lymphoid and plasma cells with lymphoid follicle formation in the alveolar walls and also around the bronchioles. Foamy macrophages, a few lymphocytes and exudate filled the alveolar spaces. Epithelial cells lining the air spaces expressed human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR. Lymphocytes and macrophages in the alveolar spaces expressed transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta strongly. Serum TGF-beta 1 concentrations were measured eight times during the course of his illness. They exceeded the upper end of the normal range in four samples and were within it in the others. These results suggested that dysfunction of the immune system, especially abnormal expression of HLA-DR in non-immune cells and exaggerated production of TGF-beta played important roles in the pathogenesis of LIP in this patient.
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PMID:A case of lymphoid interstitial pneumonia in a 3-month-old boy not associated with HIV infection: immunohistochemistry of lung biopsy specimens and serum transforming growth factor-beta 1 assay. 936 Nov 4

In patients with chronic idiopathic cough, there is a chronic inflammatory response together with evidence of airway wall remodelling and an increase in airway epithelial nerves expressing TRPV-1. We hypothesised that these changes could result from an increase in growth factors such as TGFbeta and neurotrophins. We recruited 13 patients with persistent non-asthmatic cough despite specific treatment of associated primary cause(s), or without associated primary cause, and 19 normal non-coughing volunteers without cough as controls, who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and bronchial biopsies. There was a significant increase in the levels of TGFbeta in BAL fluid, but not of nerve growth factor(NGF) and brain-derived nerve growth factor(BDNF) compared to normal volunteers. Levels of TFGbeta gene and protein expression were assessed in bronchial biopsies. mRNA expression for TGFbeta was observed in laser-captured airway smooth muscle and epithelial cells, and protein expression by immunohistochemistry was increased in ASM cells in chronic cough patients, associated with an increase in nuclear expression of the transcription factor, smad 2/3. Subbasement membrane thickness was significantly higher in cough patients compared to normal subjects and there was a positive correlation between TGF-beta levels in BAL and basement membrane thickening. TGFbeta in the airways may be important in the airway remodelling changes observed in chronic idiopathic cough patients, that could in turn lead to activation of the cough reflex.
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PMID:Expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in chronic idiopathic cough. 1946 61