Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Drug resistance has made malaria prevention difficult and the new agents are too expensive for widespread use. Primaquine, an established drug for treatment, is potentially useful for prevention. Malaria prophylaxis with primaquine was evaluated in Irian Jaya during one year in Javanese men who were not deficient in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD). 126 volunteers were randomised to receive 0.5 mg/kg primaquine base or placebo daily (double-blinded), or 300 mg chloroquine base weekly (open). The protective efficacy of primaquine relative to placebo was 94.5% (95% confidence interval 57-99) for Plasmodium falciparum and 90.4% (95% CI 58-98) for P vivax. Attack rates for either parasite did not differ significantly between the chloroquine and placebo groups. Incidence density of physical complaints not associated with parasitaemia was low (17-18 complaints/person-year) and was about the same in all groups except for cough, which was increased in the primaquine group. Complete blood counts were normal and no evidence of hepatic or renal dysfunction was found with primaquine. However, at 50 weeks the primaquine group had a mean methaemoglobin of 5.8% (range 1.4-13%), which declined by half within 7 days of ending prophylaxis. When used daily for one year by men with normal G-6-PD activity, primaquine was well tolerated and effective for prevention of malaria.
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PMID:Randomised placebo-controlled trial of primaquine for prophylaxis of falciparum and vivax malaria. 747 58

A 35-year-old male with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency was admitted because of right chest (pleuritic) pain, fever, cough with scarce production of blood-tinged sputum, and generalized yellowish discolouration of skin for 2 days. Radiographic examination revealed right lower lobe necrotizing pneumonia. Hypotension, dyspnoea and severe haemolysis was noted the next day. Echo-guided lung aspiration and sputum cultures both grew Acinetobacter baumannii. Antibiotic therapy was started immediately, but fever persisted and abscess formation was noted 1 week later. After aggressive supportive and antibiotic therapy, he made a slow but complete recovery from the pneumonia, and was then discharged in a stable condition. Acinetobacter baumannii is a well-known causative agent of nosocomial infections, particularly in intensive units. Community-acquired pneumonia, however, is quite rare, and usually has a fulminant course and high case fatality rate.
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PMID:Community-acquired Acinetobacter pneumonia: a case report. 945 13

BACKGROUND Beta-hemoglobinopathies and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency are genetic disorders that cause hemolytic anemia when exposed to oxidative stress. Their co-existence is, however, not proven to enhance the severity of anemia. CASE REPORT We report the case of a young man with no known co-morbidities, who came with fever and cough and was diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia. He was found to have hemoglobin D thalassemia and G6PD deficiency during further evaluation. Hydroxychloroquine therapy started initially, was discontinued after 3 doses once the G6PD deficiency was diagnosed. His hospital course showed a mild drop in hemoglobin with evidence of hemolysis on peripheral smear. However, the hemoglobin improved without any need for transfusion. CONCLUSIONS Hydroxychloroquine therapy can induce hemolytic crises in patients with underlying G6PD deficiency or hemoglobinopathies and should be avoided or closely monitored. Immediate intervention to stop hydroxychloroquine after 3 doses saved our patient from a major hemolytic crisis. The significance of this case report is that it is the first report that outlines the clinic course of COVID-19 pneumonia in a patient with underlying hemoglobin D disease and G6PD deficiency.
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PMID:A Case of COVID-19 in a Patient with Asymptomatic Hemoglobin D Thalassemia and Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency. 3269 69