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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The paper is concerned with pathogenetic mechanisms of cough syncope, its diagnosis, evaluation of working ability in this disease. Obesity plays a substantial role in the onset of cough syncope. The severity of pulmonary insufficiency or hypotonic dyskinesia of the tracheobronchial free are not essential for the disease course. Treatment of cough syncope should be based on therapy of pulmonary process and its complications.
Klin Med (Mosk) 1991 Dec
PMID:[Cough-syncope syndrome]. 178 77

Exercise-induced asthma is a common but frequently undiagnosed problem. The patient may not wheeze, but rather have shortness of breath, chest tightening, and coughing. The coach and the physician must be particularly alert to the signs and symptoms of exercise-induced asthma to recognize this syndrome. Proper conditioning, warming up, inducing refractoriness, participating in sports less likely to provoke exercise-induced asthma, and the aggressive use of appropriate medications allow patients to enjoy sports and compete effectively. A rare but potentially fatal syndrome is exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Accurate diagnosis and differentiation from other exertion-related syndromes are critical, and appropriate precautions are necessary. A third clinical entity, exercise-induced cholinergic urticaria, although not life-threatening, can be quite annoying. Aggravating factors, such as increased heat, compound the problems. In summary, exercise-induced allergic phenomena are common and should be recognized by the practicing physician.
Prim Care 1991 Dec
PMID:Exercise-induced asthma, anaphylaxis, and urticaria. 178 58

A 79-year-old man with primary chylopericardium associated with large granular lymphocytosis was followed for more than 26 years. Except for development of dyspnea on exertion during the past four years and more recently cough with sputum production, he has remained largely asymptomatic over this interval. Based on detailed examinations of cellular and humoral immunity, we speculate that increased natural killer cell activity and an increased number of large granular lymphocytes circulating in his peripheral blood represent a reactive response to production of various cytokines secondary to persistent loss (? chyloptysis) and sequestration of central lymph.
Lymphology 1991 Dec
PMID:Primary chylopericardium with pulmonary shadow and large granular lymphocytosis: a case report. 179 27

13 new and 19 explanted hydrocephalus shunt valves were tested under perfusion for two weeks, using a modified ASTM test. Some manufacturers seem to have problems with quality control. Our results show large deviations in pressure-flow-characteristics in different valves, in some cases leading to an extremely high pre-shunt pressure. Test results almost corresponding to manufacturer's specifications were found in diaphragm valves and in some ball and spring valves. Results from slit valves usually varied widely, some being good, but others bad (much too high a pressure) or dangerous with even possibly fatal characteristics. Whilst laboratory performance may not correlate with clinical results, due to different impact of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure and flow on hydrocephalus shunting systems, manufacturers should provide devices that meet their supposed specifications. We developed an apparatus allowing simulation of different CSF production rates, CSF outflow resistances, CSF pressure waves caused by arterial and venous pulsation, breathing and coughing, and hydrostatic differential pressure caused by body position changes. This model enables testing of shunt valves under almost physiological conditions, thus closing the gap between conventional bench test results and clinical performance of hydrocephalus shunt valves.
Eur J Pediatr Surg 1991 Dec
PMID:Testing the hydrocephalus shunt valve: long-term bench test results of various new and explanted valves. The need for model for testing valves under physiological conditions. 180 84

A 33-year-old albinotic woman whose parents were consanguineous was referred to our hospital with dry cough, dyspnea on exertion, and diffuse reticulonodular shadows on chest X-ray film. She had no apparent bleeding diathesis, although platelet serotonin content and ATP release were reduced. Open lung biopsy revealed pulmonary interstitial fibrosis with deposition of ceroid-like material with alveolar and interstitial macrophages. From these findings, the diagnosis of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) with interstitial pneumonia was mode. The reported characteristics of pulmonary interstitial pneumonia associated with HPS are occurrence of this disease in the thirties to forties, diffuse reticulonodular shadows in all lung fields with sparing of the subpleural zones, and bullous formation in the upper lobes. Progression usually occurs to diffuse interstitial fibrosis, but these is little decrease in lung volume. The prognosis of HPS with interstitial pneumonia is worse than that of uncomplicated HPS, and patients die of respiratory failure within 1 to 6 years after diagnosis. Steroid therapy is not effective.
Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi 1991 Dec
PMID:[Pulmonary interstitial pneumonia in association with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome]. 180 83

A 76-year-old man with spindle cell (squamous) carcinoma of the lung developed fatal respiratory failure after limited thoracic irradiation at a total dose of 18 Gy. He developed severe pulmonary toxicity, which presented as dry cough, dyspnea, and pulmonary infiltrates extending beyond the radiation field. Microscopically, a transitional form of squamous to spindle-shaped cells was observed in the primary tumor, located at right S8. Immunohistochemical examination showed positive staining of spindle cells for keratin, vimentin, and EMA, but not for desmin. These results indicate that the spindle cells had characteristics of squamous epithelial cells, and differed from carcinosarcoma. Distant metastatic lesions were composed of only the spindle cell component.
Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi 1991 Dec
PMID:[A case of spindle cell (squamous) carcinoma (WHO) of the lung]. 180 85

Four hundred episodes of COPD among patients admitted to Chulalongkorn Hospital between 1982 and 1986 were analyzed. There were 193 males and 45 females with 325 and 75 episodes of admission, respectively; the average age on admission was 68.4 +/- 0.5 years. The most significant associated underlying factor was cigarette smoking in 94 per cent of the cases, with the patients smoking an average of 1.15 packs of cigarettes per day for 43 years. In our study, 26.8 per cent of the patients had a cough, with the average age at onset being 47.4 +/- 2.1 years. The most common clinical manifestation was dyspnea with 58.5, 35.2 and 0.5 per cent having dyspnea functional class II, III, IV and with the average age at onset being 61.1 +/- 0.7, 66.6 +/- 0.7 and 71.0 +/- 1.0 years, respectively. An important manifestation on admission was dyspnea functional class III and IV, which were present in of 89 per cent of the cases. The main precipitating factors which led to the patients' admission were upper respiratory tract infection, pneumonia, bronchospasms and congestive heart failure, which accounted for 48.0, 10.0, 8.5, 31.8 and 18.3 per cent of the cases, respectively. With regard to these complications, there were 16.5, 48.3, 31.1 and 12.5 per cent of the patients who suffered respiratory failure requiring assisted ventilation, corpulmonale, polycythemia and peptic ulcer, respectively. Arterial blood gas on admission revealed a pH level of 7.36 +/- 0.1, pCO2 of 53.3 +/- 23.7 torr, and PO2 of 54.2 +/- 19.9 torr.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
J Med Assoc Thai 1991 Dec
PMID:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at Chulalongkorn Hospital: an analysis of 400 episodes. 181 89

Tuberculosis (TB) detection is mainly classified as being either passive case-finding, at a hospital, or positive case-finding through a mass screening. Pulmonary TB patients detected while being examined for other complaints at a hospital are classified as passive findings. It is suspected that these patients have special characteristics which separate them from patients that are detected only after the onset of TB symptoms. The aim of this study is to elucidate those special characteristics of patients where detection occurred while being examined for other diseases by comparing them with patients detected by the other means. A survey was conducted on 686 pulmonary TB patients, diagnosed between 1986 and 1988, from the area served by the Kochi Prefectural Chuo Health Center, with the following results. 1) Among the 533 patients who were detected at a hospital, and excluding those detected by mass screening, 331 patients were detected only after the onset of TB symptoms (group B), with 202 patients being treated for other diseases before being diagnosed as having TB (classified as group A). In group A, 130 patients were detected because of manifesting additional symptoms related to tuberculosis such as fever and cough (group A-1), while the remaining 72 patients were detected by chance while being examined for other diseases (group A-2). 2) The number of elderly people and relapse cases was higher in group A compared to B group and the group detected by mass screening. 3) Symptoms, the rate of tubercle bacillus positives, and the period from the onset of symptoms to diagnosis (defined delay) in group A-1, were similar to group B. In group A-2, symptoms and the rate of tubercle bacillus positives were less than those of the other groups. 4) From the above findings, it is concluded that passive case-findings should be classified into 3 distinct groups.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 1991 Dec
PMID:[Detection of pulmonary tuberculosis. Special characteristics of patients detected while receiving treatment for other diseases]. 181 83

A health survey was carried out among 8259 second- and fifth-grade schoolchildren living in three towns along the Israeli coast. The schoolchildren performed the following pulmonary function tests: forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 sec, and peak expiratory flow, their parents filled out an American Thoracic Society-National Heart and Lung Institute health questionnaire. The aim of the survey was to study the impact of environmental and home exposures on the prevalence of respiratory conditions and on pulmonary function tests among Israeli schoolchildren. The health effects of exposure to passive smoking are discussed in detail. A trend of a higher frequency of reported respiratory conditions was found among schoolchildren whose fathers or mothers are smokers compared with children whose parents do not smoke. A statistically significant excess between 1.4% (for wheezing without cold) and 4.7% (for cough with cold) was found for children of smoking fathers; the excess for children of smoking mothers was between 1.6% (for wheezing with cold) and 3.6% (for cough with cold) compared with children of nonsmokers. A gradual excess in symptoms was found among children with none, one, and two smoking parents. Relative risks were found to be between 1.13 (for bronchitis) and 1.28 (for wheezing without cold) for children of smoking fathers, and between 1.24 (for asthma) and 1.41 (for cough with sputum) for children of smoking mothers, compared with 1.00 for children of nonsmokers. There was no consistent trend of reduced pulmonary function tests among children of smokers compared with nonsmokers' children.
Environ Health Perspect 1991 Dec
PMID:Passive smoking among schoolchildren in Israel. 182 Feb 66

An outbreak of Gnathostoma larva migrans occurred among guests of a New Year's party in Chachoengsao, Thailand. Nine people who consumed a raw fish dish called 'Hu-sae' contracted the disease. Five of them developed gastro-intestinal symptoms consisting of nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps and diarrhea as early as within the first 24 hours, while in the other four, symptoms started on the following day. After the initial symptoms pertaining to the gut, malaise, chest discomfort, cough, myalgia, weakness, itching and migratory swellings were experienced. Eosinophilia was demonstrated in every patient with a mean (+/- SE) count of 5,516 +/- 1,010 cells/cu mm. Detection of antibody against aqueous extracts of G. spinigerum adult antigen using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed a titer of 1:1,600 or greater in every patients except one who had a titer of 1:400 (positive greater than or equal to 1:400). This outbreak illustrates the high attack rate when heavily infected fish are consumed.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1991 Dec
PMID:Gnathostoma larva migrans among guests of a New Year party. 182 91


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