Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred and eighty eight outpatients with community acquired pneumonia have been treated by spiramycin in general practice. Community acquired pneumonia was defined by the association of fever > or = 38 degrees C, respiratory symptoms as cough, sputum production, dyspnea or thoracic pain, and pulmonary opacity on the chest X-Ray. The mean age of patients was 44.7 +/- 16.6 and few of them had concomitant chronic illness, as cardiovascular (9%) or bronchopulmonary disease (9%). Twenty one percent of patients have been included after a previous antibiotherapy failure. In 92% on these cases, prior antibiotherapy was a beta lactam. At inclusion, the fever was greater than 39 degrees C in 56% of patients, 58% had localized crepitations at the chest auscultation. The chest X-Ray was performed 1.4 +/- 2.1 days after inclusion and showed a lobar consolidation in 77%. One third of patients presented a clinical picture evoking acute bacterial pneumonia. One hundred and seventy one patients have been reviewed for a second evaluation 4 +/- 1.5 days after inclusion. One hundred and eighty seven patients have visited for the long term follow up 19 +/- 6.5 days after the onset of treatment. Ninety six per cent of them have consulted with a control chest X-ray. At this visit, the antibiotherapy was changed in 2 other patients with of failure. Overall, 83% of patients were clinically and radiologically cured by Spiramycin 3 MU twice a day for 13 +/- 3.5 days. Fourteen percent of patients were improved without necessity of changing the antibiotic regimen. This study confirms the efficacy of spiramycin in the management of community acquired pneumoniae in general practice, either in first line therapy of after the failure of beta lactam.
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PMID:[Community-acquired pneumonia in healthy adults: 188 patients treated with spiramycin in private practice]. 130 46

A case report of occupational hypersensitivity to Spiramycin. Rhinoconjunctivitis and spasmodic cough are reported in a 34 year-old female handling spiramycin powder in a pharmaceutical factory. The symptoms appeared within the first few hours of coming into contact with the drug and continued for several hours after leaving her place of work. The patient had no personal case history of atopy. Results for prick-test with extracts using a concentration of 1/100 (w/v) were positive, as were results por intradermical tests with a solution using a concentration of 1/10.000 (w/v). The diagnostic was confirmed with the application of a nasal provocation test. Our criteria to determine positivity to this test was according to Bachman (1) and the European Committee of Rhinomanometry. On our suggestion the patient was transferred to another section of the pharmaceutical company whereupon all symptoms disappeared immediately and no further allergic reactions to drugs were registered. This case suggest that reactions to a chemical product may involve immunological mechanisms.
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PMID:[Occupational hypersensitivity to spiramycin. Report of a case]. 138

There are several protozoan infections that cause relatively benign illness in normal individuals but result in severe disease manifestations in patients with AIDS. These diseases include Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, CNS toxoplasmosis, cryptosporidiosis, and isosporiasis. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) caused by Pneumocystis carinii, is the most common opportunistic infection in AIDS. It is seen in more than 80% of individuals with this syndrome. Although historically classified as a protozoan, this organism shares many biochemical characteristics with fungi. The onset of PCP may be insidious, and cough and dyspnea are the most common presenting symptoms. Auscultation of the lungs is often unremarkable, but diffuse infiltrates are commonly seen on chest radiographs. The diagnosis of PCP can be confirmed by identifying the organism on specimens obtained by sputum induction or bronchoalveolar lavage. Trimethaprim-sulfamethoxazole is the treatment of choice but is unfortunately associated with leukopenia and rash in many individuals. Both trimethaprim-sulfamethoxazole and aerosolized pentamidine are used prophylactically in patients at high risk for initial or relapsing infection. The appropriate use of these agents has resulted in improved survival for AIDS patients with PCP. Toxoplasmosis, due to Toxoplasma gondii, affects the central nervous system in patients with AIDS. Headache is a common presenting symptom, and both seizures and paresis can occur. A diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is strongly suspected in symptomatic individuals with ringed mass lesions noted on head CT. Patients with this condition are treated with a combination of sulfadiazine, pyrimethamine, and folinic acid. Cryptosporidiosis and isosporiasis are coccidian protozoan diseases that can result in severe, acute, and chronic diarrhea in immunocompromised individuals. Cryptosporidiosis is the more common of the two and is caused by an unknown species of the genus crytosporidium. Isosporiasis is due to infection with Isospora belli. Dehydration and weight loss are a common result of infection with either agent. A definitive diagnosis can be made by examining an acid fast stain of a diarrheal stool specimen and demonstrating oocysts that are specific for each of these organisms. Fluid replacement and general supportive care are essential in the treatment of both of these diseases. Spiramycin is an unproven treatment modality that is often used in patients with cryptosporidiosis. Isosporiasis responds to initial therapy with trimethaprim-sulfamethoxazole, followed by prophylaxis with pyrimethamine. The adoption of safe sexual practices that minimize fecal-oral contamination should decrease the future prevalence of these diseases and other enteric parasitic infections.
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PMID:Parasitic diseases. Diseases associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 201 33