Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 35-year old man with cough, hemoptysis, and dyspnea was found to have diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and iron-laden macrophages in the sputum. Pulmonary siderosis was confirmed by transbronchial biopsy. An associated hypochromic anemia required frequent transfusion. Though marrow iron stores were absent, reticulocytosis was maintained. Corticosteroid therapy resulted in cessation of hemoptysis, clearing of the pulmonary infiltration, and a substantial reduction in transfusion requirement. Splenectomy was of no benefit. The patient developed cerebral symptoms with seizures, and rapid deterioration led to cerebral symptoms with seizures, and rapid deterioration led to death. Disseminated hemangiosarcoma was found at autopsy. Steroid responsiveness of the associated pulmonary siderosis suggests that it had an immune basis.
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PMID:Angiosarcoma with pulmonary siderosis and persistent reticulocytosis. Steroid responsiveness suggests an immune basis. 56 58

Using monodisperse aerosols radiolabeled with 99mTc, we studied the effectiveness of cough and rapid inhalations for clearing mucus in ten asymptomatic smokers. On three separate study days, each subject breathed 5 microns (MMAD) 99mTc-iron oxide particles under controlled breathing conditions. While seated in front of a gamma camera, retention (R) of lung activity (measured as a percent of initial activity) was measured over the initial 2 h and again at 24 h following particle inhalation. On the control day the subject sat quietly in front of the camera, while on the cough day each subject performed 60 controlled coughs during the first hour of retention measurements, and on the rapid inhalation study day each subject performed 90 rapid inhalations during the first hour of retention measurements. Because breathing patterns were controlled during particle inhalation, initial lung deposition patterns were matched on control, cough, and rapid inhalation study days. By paired analysis, retentions at both 1 and 2 h (R1 and R2) for the cough and rapid inhalation measurements were not significantly different from control (mean control R1 = 69 percent; mean cough R1 = 66 percent; mean rapid inhalation R1 = 66 percent, NS; and mean control R2 = 59 percent, mean cough R2 = 55 percent; mean rapid inhalation R2 = 54 percent, NS). Retention at 24 h (R24) was not significantly different between cough, rapid inhalation, and control measurements (mean cough R24 = 15 percent, mean rapid inhalation R24 = 14 percent, mean control R24 = 17 percent). In other words, these young smokers with normal pulmonary function were unable to enhance their rate of mucus clearance by coughing. The inability of these young smokers to enhance their mucus clearance by cough suggests a change in the mucociliary apparatus from normal.
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PMID:Ineffectiveness of cough for enhancing mucus clearance in asymptomatic smokers. 164 24

The paper is concerned with observations over 3 patients in whom unusual vasculitis lay at the basis of the clinicopathological manifestations. All the patients were men of the young age. The disease debut was marked by fever, weakness, dyspnea, palpitation, cough, hemoptysis, the articulation syndrome. In two cases, there was hemorrhagic rash on the leg skin. All the patients manifested liver and spleen enlargement, two patients had lymphoadenopathy. The leading clinical symptoms included dilated cardiomyopathy, complete blockade of the inferior peduncle of His bundle and reduction of myocardial contractility. Anemia belonged to iron deficient one. The clinical examples provided indicate that immunocomplex vasculitis with evident lesions of the lungs and myocardium, not going into criteria for the known diseases, is not likely to be a casuistic rarity. Those syndromes may be associated with more or less pronounced hemosiderosis of the lungs (and, probably, of the lymph nodes, spleen and liver), with transitory or steady derangements of myocardial conduction, which attests to diffuse lesions of the myocardium possibly with both immune complexes and hemosiderin. The pathology requires further studies.
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PMID:[Generalized immune-complex vasculitis combined with pulmonary hemosiderosis and dilated cardiomyopathy]. 214 20

This article describes the mechanisms, recognition, and management of toxicoses from human over-the-counter (OTC) drugs. Drugs that have been included were chosen because of their potential for toxicosis and the incidence of exposure. Drug groups discussed are cough, cold, and allergy medications, laxatives and cathartics, antacids, antidiarrheal agents, topicals, and vitamin and iron supplements.
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PMID:Toxicoses from over-the-counter human drugs. 218 Jan 88

We studied the effectiveness of cough for clearing mucus in 12 nonsmoking subjects with normal lung function. On 2 separate study days, each subject breathed 6-microns Mass Median Aerodynamic Diameter 99mTc-labeled iron oxide particles under controlled breathing conditions while they were seated in front of a gamma camera. Retention (R) of lung activity was measured over the initial 2 h and again at 24 h after particle inhalation. On the control day the subject sat quietly in front of the camera, while on the cough day each subject performed 60 controlled coughs during the 1st h of retention measurements. By paired analysis, retentions at both 1 and 2 h (R1 and R2, respectively) for the cough measurements were significantly less than control (mean control R1 = 85% vs. mean cough R1 = 72%, P less than 0.002; mean control R2 = 75% vs. mean cough R2 = 65%, P less than 0.02). Retention at 24 h (R24) was not significantly different between cough and control measurements (mean cough R24 = 35% and mean control R24 = 32%). Thus coughing increased the rate at which the radiolabeled particles were cleared from the bronchial airways in these individuals. Follow-up experiments with subjects performing rapid inhalations rather than cough showed similar enhanced particle clearance to that seen with cough. These results suggest that the observed enhancement of mucus clearance by cough (and rapid inhalation) in the normal lung may be due to a stimulation of the mucociliary apparatus rather than via a two-phase gas-liquid flow mechanism.
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PMID:Cough-enhanced mucus clearance in the normal lung. 227 60

A study of the health of 78 workers in an iron and steel foundry in Vancouver, British Columbia, was carried out and the results compared with those found in 372 railway repair yard workers who were not significantly exposed to air contaminants at work. The foundry workers were exposed to PepSet, which consists of diphenyl methane diisocyanate (MDI) and phenol formaldehyde and their decomposition products as well as to silica containing particulates. A questionnaire was administered by trained interviewers, and chest radiography, allergy skin tests, pulmonary function tests, and methacholine inhalation tests were carried out as well as measurement levels of dust and MDI. Compared with the controls, the foundry workers had more respiratory symptoms and a significantly lower mean FEV1 and FEF25-75% after adjustments had been made for differences in age, height, and smoking habit. Three workers (4.8%) had radiographic evidence of pneumoconiosis and 12 (18.2%) had asthma defined as presence of bronchial hyperreactivity, cough, and additional respiratory symptoms such as wheeze, chest tightness, or breathlessness. Sensitisation to MDI is probably the cause of asthma in these workers.
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PMID:Respiratory abnormalities among workers in an iron and steel foundry. 298 92

The prescribing of drugs in the therapeutic classes that are affected by the government's limited list was investigated in a computerised group practice of just over 3,000 patients. Prescribable drugs in categories that are affected by the list were identified for two consecutive six month periods before and one six month period after the introduction of the list. A significant decrease in the prescribing of cough and cold remedies, vitamins, and antacids occurred after the list was introduced, whereas no change occurred in the prescribing of laxatives, benzodiazepines, or analgesics. The prescribing of iron and penicillin increased significantly after the list was introduced, whereas the use of H2 antagonists and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs showed no significant change.
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PMID:Effect on prescribing of the limited list in a computerised group practice. 309 87

An industrial hygiene and medical survey was conducted in an iron foundry to study the occurrence of silicosis. Breathing zone exposures to respirable crystalline silica had been very high in 1977 [1 045 micrograms/m3 (geometric mean) for coremakers and 198 micrograms/m3 for fettlers]; exposures in 1980 and 1982 were substantially lower. A radiographic evaluation of 188 workers revealed silicosis in 18 (9.6%). Eight had category 1 profusion of small rounded pulmonary lesions (by the 1980 classification of the International Labour Office); two had category 2; and eight had category 3. Two had progressive massive fibrosis. Four workers without silicosis in 1977 had developed lesions by 1980. The prevalence increased from 1.5% among workers employed less than 20 years to 53% among longer term workers. No association was found between the prevalence of silicosis and cigarette smoking. Chronic cough was more common in workers with heavy current dust exposure than in those with light exposure, more common in smokers than in nonsmokers, and more common in silicotics than in nonsilicotics. A multiplicative interaction existed between dust exposure and smoking in the etiology of cough. Silicosis continues to exist in American foundries. Cigarette smoking does not contribute to the causation of silicosis, but it aggravates the attendant respiratory symptoms.
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PMID:Silicosis in a grey iron foundry. The persistence of an ancient disease. 348 18

In a retrospective study to compare the drug consumption during pregnancy of mothers of infants with congenital abnormalities and of those without, over 97% of 1,369 mothers took prescribed drugs and 65% self-administered drugs. Significantly more mothers of infants with congenital abnormalities took aspirin, antacids, dextroamphetamine, phenobarbitone, sodium amytal, other barbiturates, cough medicines, iron, sulphonamides, and nicotinamide than mothers in the control group. However, most mothers taking analgesics, antacids, appetite suppressants, barbiturates, cough medicines, iron, sulphonamides, and vitamins produced normal infants. Any teratogenic effect of these drugs is therefore one of low potency. On the other hand, deficiencies such as those of ascorbic acid and folic acid may have a teratogenic effect. There is need for caution in presuming teratogenic effects on the basis of the associations shown here. During pregnancy, however, it would appear wise to avoid the administration of any drug which carries a suspicion of teratogenicity unless that drug is specifically indicated, and self-medication with common household remedies such as aspirin and antacids should be avoided. These recommendations would also apply to any woman of childbearing age in whom conception is likely.
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PMID:Associations between drugs administered during pregnancy and congenital abnormalities of the fetus. 439 80

Clinical signs and haematological findings during the acute and convalescent phases of an infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were studied under field conditions. The study was carried out in 139 cattle less than 16 months of age in 16 herds with serologically proven bovine RSV infections. Blood was collected for serological and haematological examination. Repeated clinical examinations were carried out until 35 days after appearance of disease. Signs of general disease such as reduced appetite and a body temperature of 40 degrees C or higher lasted less than three days in most cases. Signs of upper respiratory disease, such as coughing, nasal discharge and conjunctivitis were predominant and persisted in 10 to 30 per cent of the animals till the end of the observation period. Signs of lower respiratory disease such as abdominal breathing, bronchial and bronchovesicular sounds on auscultation and a high respiration rate were valuable in diagnosing the disease. These symptoms were present in about 50 per cent of the animals in the early stages of the disease. They lasted for about six days and disappeared in most animals after about 10 days. On haematological examination statistically significant blood changes were observed. A rise in zinc and iron between day 0 and day 10 and a reduction in copper content between day 10 and day 21 were found.
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PMID:Bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections in young dairy cattle: clinical and haematological findings. 670 77


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