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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The water and ethanol extracts of Cynanchum Komaroviiu could obviously relieve the cough caused by the irritation of ammonia water in mice, increase secretion of the respiratory tract and promote expectoration. They could also alleviate the asthma induced by histamine and acetylcholine chloride in guinea pigs.
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PMID:[Antitussive expectorant and antiasthmatic actions of Cynanchum Komarovii Ai. Iljinski]. 1074 22

The ethanol extracts from the cultured Sichuan Fritillary bulb have been proved similar to those from the wild one in treating coughing in mice, expectoration in rats, asthma in guinea pigs, bronchodilation of isolated lungs in mice, and cyclic nucleotide(cAMP, cGMP) in the plasma and lungs of mice. The acute toxicity of the cultured and wild species is also similar to each other. However, in terms of asthma relieving and cAMP level increment in the lungs, the cultured species F. wabueasis is significantly superior to the wild species of Fritillary bulb.
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PMID:[Comparison of pharmacological effects between cultispecies Sichuan Fritillary bulb (F. wabueasis, F. mellea) and wild Sichuan Fritillary bulb (F. unibracteata)]. 1124 49

Eriobotrya japonica is considered a medicinal plant, and its leaves (Eriobotrya folia) have been used to treat skin diseases, as well as to relieve inflammation, pain, coughing, and sputa. In our evaluation of the pharmacological efficacy of the seed extracts, constituents of the seeds were found to contain the unsaturated fatty acids linolenic and linoleic acids and the sterol beta-sitosterol in the 70% EtOH and the MeOH extracts. The seed extracts were orally administered to rats with dimethylnitrosamine-induced hepatopathy, and blood L-asparate aminotransferase (AST) and L-alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, liver retinoid level, and hydroxyproline level were measured. Liver fibrosis rates calculated after Azan-Mallory staining and evaluation of the liver function-improving effects of extracts were showed that AST, ALT, and hydroxyproline levels and liver fibrosis rates were significantly lower, and retinoid levels were significantly higher in hepatopathic rats treated with 70% EtOH and MeOH extracts of the seed than in water-treated control rats. This suggests that the positive effect on liver function of the extracts varies depending on the extracting solvent used. 70% EtOH and MeOH extract of the seeds inhibited the development of liver fibrosis in hepatopathic rats, thus exhibiting potent improvement. The unsaturated linolenic and linoleic acids and the sterol beta-sitosterol contained in these extracts may also contribute to the improvement of liver function.
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PMID:Effects of extract derived from Eriobotrya japonica on liver function improvement in rats. 1218 9

The water and ethanol extracts of Lao Gua Tou (Cynanchum komarovii) is effective on relieving cough caused by the irritation of ammonnia water in mice. The extract can increase the secretion of repiratory tract and promote expectoration, also alleviate asthma induced by histamine and acetylcholing chloride in guinea pigs.
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PMID:[The antibechic, expectorant and antiasthmatic actions of Cynanchum komarovii]. 1257 87

We report on a patient intoxicated with ethanol, who was found unconscious with fixed dilated pupils, deviation of eyes, absent cough and corneal reflexes, with her arms in decerebrate posture. Because of an orbital haematoma a traumatic intracranial hemorrhage with elevated intracranial pressure and compression or concussion of the brain stem was suspected. A CT-scan of the head did not reveal an intracranial mass or any radiographic signs of intracranial hypertension. Drug screening, blood gas analysis and other laboratory tests as well anamnestic data were not indicative of other intoxications or a metabolic decompensation. These unusual neurological findings were caused by a life-threatening ethanol intoxication with a blood-alcohol concentration of 700 mg/dl (151.8 mmol/l). The patient was extubated after several hours of mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit and was discharged to a regular ward on the following day.
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PMID:[Severe ethanol-intoxication mimics symptoms of intracranial hypertension]. 1271 2

Elsholtzia splendens Nakai has been used in North-East Asia as an ingredient of folk medicines for treating cough, headache and inflammation. The present investigation was carried out to establish its in vivo anti-inflammatory activity using several animal models of inflammation and pain. The 75% ethanol extract of the aerial part of E. splendens significantly inhibited mouse croton oil-induced, as well as arachidonic acid-induced, ear edema by oral administration (44.6% inhibition of croton oil-induced edema at 400 mg/kg). This plant material also showed significant inhibitory activity against the mouse ear edema induced by multiple treatment of phorbol ester for 3 days, which is an animal model of subchronic inflammation. In addition, E. splendens exhibited significant analgesic activity against mouse acetic acid-induced writhing (50% inhibition at 400 mg/kg), while indomethacin (5 mg/kg) demonstrated 95% inhibition. E. splendens (5-100 microg/mL) significantly inhibited PGE2 production by pre-induced cyclooxygenase-2 of lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW 264.7 cells, suggesting that cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition might be one of the cellular mechanisms of anti-inflammation.
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PMID:Anti-inflammatory activity of Elsholtzia splendens. 1272 37

Alcoholic drinks are capable of triggering a wide range of allergic and allergic-like responses, including rhinitis, itching, facial swelling, headache, cough and asthma. Limited epidemiological data suggests that many individuals are affected and that sensitivities occur to a variety of drinks, including wine, beer and spirits. In surveys of asthmatics, over 40% reported the triggering of allergic or allergic-like symptoms following alcoholic drink consumption and 30 - 35% reported worsening of their asthma. Sensitivity to ethanol itself can play a role in triggering adverse responses, particularly in Asians, which is due mainly to a reduced capacity to metabolize acetaldehyde. In Caucasians, specific non-alcohol components are the main cause of sensitivities to alcoholic drinks. Allergic sensitivities to specific components of beer, spirits and distilled liquors have been described. Wine is clearly the most commonly reported trigger for adverse responses. Sensitivities to wine appear to be due mainly to pharmacological intolerances to specific components, such as biogenic amines and the sulphite additives. Histamine in wine has been associated with the triggering of a wide spectrum of adverse symptoms, including sneezing, rhinitis, itching, flushing, headache and asthma. The sulphite additives in wine have been associated with triggering asthmatic responses. Clinical studies have confirmed sensitivities to the sulphites in wine in limited numbers of individuals, but the extent to which the sulphites contribute to wine sensitivity overall is not clear. The aetiology of wine-induced asthmatic responses may be complex and may involve several co-factors.
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PMID:Allergic and asthmatic reactions to alcoholic drinks. 1274 10

A 35% EtOH extract of the fruits of Chaenomeles sinensis, long utilized as a folk medicine for cough, significantly inhibited the pruritogenic agent compound 48/80 (COM)-induced scratching behavior in mice. Antipruritic activity-guided fractionation and purification yielded active quercetin, apigenin, and catechin derivatives, which exhibited significant inhibitory effects on COM-induced scratching behavior. To the best of our knowledge, apigenin (5), apigenin 7-glucronide (6), and apigenin 4'-methoxy-7-glucronide (acacetin 7-glucronide) (7) were isolated from the fruits of C. sinensis for the first time. The active fraction and these compounds also inhibited serotonin-, platelet activating factor-, and prostaglandin E(2)-induced scratching behavior, but did not inhibit histamine-induced scratching behavior or locomotive behavior. This study also showed that the fruits of C. sinensis could be used to treat allergic itching sensation.
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PMID:Antipruritic effects of the fruits of Chaenomeles sinensis. 1284 34

From the roots of Arctium lappa L., var. Herkules a low-molecular-weight fructofuranan of the inulin-type has been isolated by water extraction and ethanol precipitation, followed by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration of the crude precipitate. The methods employed in structural determination were methylation analysis and 1H and 13C NMR spectral measurements. In tests for antitussive activity in cats the fructan was found to be equally active as some non-narcotic, synthetic preparations used in clinical practice to treat coughing, and in mitogenic and comitogenic tests its biological response was comparable to that of the commercial Zymosan immunomodulator.
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PMID:A biologically active fructan from the roots of Arctium lappa L., var. Herkules. 1459 96

The 'guaco' lianous herb Mikania laevigata, which is widespread in Southern Brazil, is traditionally used to treat bronchitis, asthma and cough. This work investigates the influence of the extraction method, solvent:drug ratio, ethanol proportion, harvest season (summer or winter) and solvent heating on the physicochemical profile of the extracts (dry weight, density, pH) and the coumarin (1,2-benzopyrone) content determined by LC. Among the results obtained, it is observed that higher ethanol content increases the amount of coumarin in the extract. Leaves harvested in summer also produce an extract with a high coumarin yield. The most efficient method of extraction is percolation, independent of the solvent used.
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PMID:Coumarin content and physicochemical profile of Mikania laevigata extracts. 1524 25


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