Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An outbreak of pertussis occurred in one room of a residential facility where 19 children aged 5 to 36 months were residing. They were prospectively surveyed to estimate the efficacy of acellular pertussis vaccine. Among the 19 residents, 9 were immunized with acellular pertussis vaccine. Among the 19 residents, 9 were immunized with acellular DTP vaccine and 10 were unimmunized. The spread of pertussis was surveyed bacteriologically and serologically for 2 months. Among the 9 immunized, 7 children acquired the laboratory-confirmed pertussis and 1 of the 7 developed the typical symptoms (whooping or paroxysmal coughing attack lasting for 14 days or more). Among the 10 unimmunized, 7 children acquired the laboratory-confirmed pertussis and 6 of the 7 developed the typical symptoms. There was no difference in the rate of secondary infection (7/9:7/10), but there was a significant difference in the rate of development of the typical symptoms (1/7:6/7 p less than 0.05). The point estimate of protective efficacy of the acellular DTP vaccine against typical pertussis was (6/10 - 1/9)/(6/10) x 100 = 81%. It was concluded from these findings that acellular DTP vaccine could not prevent the infection of Bordetella pertussis, but could prevent the development of the typical symptoms.
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PMID:[Efficacy of acellular pertussis vaccine]. 221 50

This paper reports the results of the effects of the emergent vaccination with DTP vaccine to control the outbreak of pertussis. Objects of observation were 4-6 years old children of kindergarten having pertussis vaccination and exposed history. The children were at random divided into two groups: 76 children were vaccinated with DTP vaccine and 72 children were inoculated with placebo. The results of observation: there was no strong and abnormal reaction in the vaccinated children; two weeks and three months after emergent vaccination with DTP vaccine, GMT antibody of pertussis were increased 18.14 and 4.73 times more than before vaccination respectively. There were no differences of the attack rates average days from vaccination to onset, average days of cough (P greater than 0.2) within 21 days after vaccination between the two groups. The protection rate was 62.11% three months after vaccination. The results showed that the emergent vaccination with DTP to control the outbreak of pertussis was safe and effective.
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PMID:[The effect of the emergent vaccination using DTP vaccine to control the outbreak of pertussis]. 227 84

An outbreak of pertussis was recognized in a highly immunized sixth-grade class of schoolchildren. Among 43 children aged 11-12 years in the class, 38 had been immunized with three doses or more of DTP containing whole-cell pertussis vaccine, two with two doses of DTP and three children were unimmunized. The last DTP vaccines had been given 6-10 years before the outbreak. A total of eight children with pertussis suffering paroxysmal coughing attacks for 3 weeks or more were identified, seven being fully immunized and one unimmunized. Among the eight cases, two were confirmed by both culture and serology and one by serology alone. The attack rate in fully immunized children was 18.4% (7/38). Secondary spread of pertussis was identified in five of the households from which the eight patients originated. A total of six cases of pertussis from these five households were identified, and two of these were culture-confirmed. These observations suggest that vaccine-induced immunity weakens considerably 6-10 years after vaccination, and that booster immunization with DTP instead of DT is therefore recommended for the control of pertussis.
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PMID:Outbreak of pertussis in highly immunized adolescents and its secondary spread to their families. 764 80

Phase I strains 18-323, Tohama and L-84 of Bordetella pertussis produced paroxysmal coughing when encased in agarose beads and administered intrabronchially to adult Sprague-Dawley rats. In contrast, the Phase IV variant of strain L-84 was inactive in cough induction, as was strain BP 357, a transposon-insertion mutant which is deficient only in pertussis toxin (PT). Strain BPM 1809, which lacks only the heat-labile toxin, was similar to the unmodified Phase I strains for cough induction, indicating that this toxin is not needed to induce coughing. B. parapertussis also was inactive as a cough inducer. These results indicate that PT, present in Phase I strains of B. pertussis, and absent from Phase IV strains, strain BP 357 and B. parapertussis, is essential for the induction of paroxysmal coughing in this rat model of whooping cough. Prior injection of DTP (whole-cell) vaccine greatly reduced the incidence of coughing in rats challenged subsequently with Phase I B. pertussis. Serological responses were monitored after intrabronchial infection with the various bacterial strains and after vaccination and challenge. The PT-positive or -negative status of the strains in vivo was confirmed by the appropriate presence or absence of anti-PT IgG in the convalescent sera.
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PMID:Responses to Bordetella pertussis mutant strains and to vaccination in the coughing rat model of pertussis. 817 18

Bordetella respiratory infections are common in people (B. pertussis) and in animals (B. bronchiseptica). During the last two decades, much has been learned about the virulence determinants, pathogenesis, and immunity of Bordetella. Clinically, the full spectrum of disease due to B. pertussis infection is now understood, and infections in adolescents and adults are recognized as the reservoir for cyclic outbreaks of disease. DTaP vaccines, which are less reactogenic than DTP vaccines, are now in general use in many developed countries, and it is expected that the expansion of their use to adolescents and adults will have a significant impact on reducing pertussis and perhaps decrease the circulation of B. pertussis. Future studies should seek to determine the cause of the unique cough which is associated with Bordetella respiratory infections. It is also hoped that data gathered from molecular Bordetella research will lead to a new generation of DTaP vaccines which provide greater efficacy than is provided by today's vaccines.
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PMID:Molecular pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations of respiratory infections due to Bordetella pertussis and other Bordetella subspecies. 1583 28