Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case is reported of osteosarcoma of the 11th rib in a 38-year-old woman who presented with dry cough and dyspnea due to bloody pleural effusion and the literature on osteosarcoma of the rib in Japan is reviewed. Osteosarcoma was suggested by roentgenologic findings and examination of a percutaneous needle biopsy specimen. Therefore, we administered chemotherapy, but the tumor showed progressive expansion and invasion, causing paraplegia. The patient died on the 282nd day of admission. We performed an autopsy and diagnosed osteosarcoma histologically. The tumor was covered by a hypervascular capsule, suggesting its association with the bloody pleural effusion. Osteosarcoma of the rib has not been previously reported in association with bloody pleural effusion. Considering the prognosis and characteristics of such tumors, we recommend prompt diagnosis in cases presenting with bloody pleural effusion.
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PMID:[A case of osteosarcoma of the rib with bloody pleural effusion]. 831 12

To investigate the chance of discovery of metastatic lung tumors and the five-year survival rates of patients undergoing surgical resection, we followed 99 patients who underwent initial surgical treatment at our hospital between 1979 and 1996. With regard to primary organs or sites, 32 patients had rectal cancer, 27 patients had breast cancer, 19 patients had colon cancer and 21 patients had osteosarcoma. For 22 of 99 patients (22%), discovery was due to subjective symptoms such as cough and sputum (n = 12), chest (or back) pain (n = 7) or hemosputum (n = 5). Ten of 19 patients (53%) with colon cancer experienced subjective symptoms which led to the discovery of metastases. In 76 of 99 patients (78%), metastatic lung lesions were not discovered through subjective symptoms. In 63 of those 76 patients, such lesions were initially found by plain chest roentgenography or CT. In 20 of 21 patients (95%) who had osteosarcoma, metastatic lung tumors were discovered by chest roentgenography or CT. In 14 of 76 patients, all of whom had metastatic lung carcinomas, the lesions were discovered through elevated levels of tumor markers. Therefore the importance of periodic chest roentgenography and tumor marker testing was demonstrated. Disease-free interval (DFI) was over six years in five of 32 patients (16%) with rectal cancer and 13 of 27 (48%) with breast cancer. DFI was less than five years for 15 of 19 patients (79%) with colon cancer, and less than two years for 16 of 21 (75%) with osteosarcoma. Thus, DFI differed according to the sites of the tumors. The five-year survival rates of 97 patients were examined. Patients were divided according to the sites of their primary tumors, and then subdivided according to the type of surgery they received. Patients were thus divided into five categories: I) those who underwent incomplete resection of metastatic lung lesions, II) those who underwent complete resection of both pulmonary lesions and involved mediastinal lymph nodes, III) those who had undergone previous treatment for tumors in organs other than the lung, IV) those who underwent complete resection of multiple lung lesions, and V) those who underwent complete resection of solitary lung lesions. For all primary sites, none of the patients in group I) survived for more than two years. Therefore complete resection seems very important for the treatment of metastatic lung tumors. With regard to the other groups, several facts were noted. For rectal cancer, the five-year survival rate of groups V) and III) was 55.6% in either case. Therefore complete resection of rectal cancer metastatic to the lung may improve the five-year survival rate even for patients who have previously been treated for cancers in organs other than the lung. For colon cancer, the five-year survival rate of group V) was 51.4%. Complete resection of only a solitary lung lesion may improve the five-year survival rate for colon cancer. For breast cancer, the five-year survival rate of group V) was 37.5% and that of group II) was 60.0%. This may indicate that for patients who have both pulmonary lesions and mediastinal lymph node involvement, complete resection of both is important. For osteosarcoma the five-year survival rate of group IV) was 26.0%. Thus, osteosarcoma patients have a chance of survival if they undergo complete resection of lung metastases.
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PMID:[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of metastatic lung tumors]. 883 35

A 63-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of cough and slight fever up. A tumor shadow in right S6 and obstructive pneumonia was detected by X-ray and CT. Bronchoscopic study showed that right B6 bronchous was occluded by the tumor and in which malignant cell (squamous cell carcinoma suspect) were detected. Therefore right middle and lower lobectomy was performed. Histological examination of the resected specimen showed that the tumor was composed of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and abnormal spindle cell component. Both components of the tumor were mixed each other in part. Immunohistologically, malignant cell of sarcomatous elements were positively stained by vimentin and actine, but was not found such as osteosarcoma or rabdomyosarcoma. He was diagnosed as so-called carcinosarcoma of the lung.
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PMID:[A case of carcinosarcoma of the lung]. 1176 2

A 32-year-old man presented with cough, dyspnea and orthopnea ten years after amputation of the right humerus because of osteosarcoma. Chest radiographs and chest computed tomographs showed left pleural effusion, pericardial effusion and a giant intrathoracic mass, which was histologically diagnosed as a recurrence of the osteosarcoma. After 4 courses of chemotherapy combined with CDDP, the mass in the left upper lobe of the lung decreased in size, and it was then resected. Three months later, new metastatic lesions were detected in the thoracic area. Therefore, 29 additional courses of chemotherapy were administered (36 courses in total over 4 years; including regimens combined with CDDP, carboplatin, high-dose methotrexate, ifosfamide, dacarbazine, vindesine, etoposide, vincristine, taxotere and gemcitabine). In spite of the several courses of chemotherapy, brain and spinal cord metastases appeared, and the patient eventually died of cerebral hemorrhage. During the four years after the first recurrence he had good quality of life as a result of the chemotherapy.
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PMID:[An autopsy case of pulmonary and central nervous system metastatic osteosarcoma treated with thirty-six courses of chemotherapy over four years]. 1192 23

We herein present an exceedingly rare case of pleural osteosarcoma that was surgically resected in an elderly patient. A 74-year-old man, complaining of a dry cough and breathlessness on effort, was found to have massive pleural effusion on a chest X-ray. The chest CT and MRI scans indicated a massive effusion and a pleural tumor encasing the left lower lung. The resected tumor was histologically an osteosarcoma, measuring 11.3 x 9.0 x 6.0 cm. Because there was no evidence of any other primary tumor, the diagnosis of extraskeletal osteosarcoma was appropriate.
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PMID:Extraskeletal osteosarcoma of the pleura: a case report. 1840 80

A 52-year-old woman underwent the surgical treatment for osteosarcoma of the left mandible in 2003 and was followed up afterward. She suffered from dry cough and bloody sputum, and was admitted to our hospital in April 2007. Computed tomography (CT) revealed several nodules in bilateral lung, and bronchofiberscopy showed the endobronchial tumor obstructing in the right main bronchus. The metastatic tumor progressed in the right main bronchus from the right S6 lung segment. The tumor rapidly progressed in the right bronchus in comparison with the CT findings in about 2 weeks, and the possibility of the tracheal obstruction was considered. She underwent the right middle and lower lobectomy, and the endobronchial tumor was pulled through the right main bronchus. The postoperative course was uneventful, the patient was discharged on 14th postoperative day, and the chemotherapy using cisplatin (CDDP) and adriamycin (ADR) is on-going.
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PMID:[Metastatic lung cancer origin from osteosarcoma of mandible invading tracheal lumen]. 1958 29

Carcinosarcoma of the lung is a malignant tumor composed of a mixture of carcinoma and sarcoma elements. The carcinomatous component is most commonly squamous followed by adenocarcinoma. The sarcomatous component commonly comprises the bulk of the tumor and shows poorly differentiated spindle cell features. Foci of differentiated sarcomatous elements such as chondrosarcoma and osteosarcoma may be seen. Aspergillus pneumonia is the most common form of invasive aspergillosis and occurs mainly in patients with malignancy, immunocompromising or debilitating diseases. Patients with Aspergillus pneumonia present with fever, cough, chest pain and occasionally hemoptysis. Tissue examination is the most reliable method for diagnosis, and mortality rate is high.We describe a case of primary carcinosarcoma of the lung concurrently occurring with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in a 66-year old patient.
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PMID:Pulmonary carcinosarcoma initially presenting as invasive aspergillosis: a case report of previously unreported combination. 2018 Oct 54

Carcinosarcomas (CS) are biphasic tumors with malignant epithelial and mesenchymal elements. The sarcomatoid elements of CS can include chondrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, osteosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, or liposarcoma. CS of the upper urinary tract are extremely rare but are associated with a poor prognosis. We report a case of a 44-year-old man with a localized right renal pelvis mass treated with a right nephroureterectomy. The pathological examination showed a high-grade urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis, stage III (pT3aNxM0). A few days later, he developed lower back pain, hematuria, cough with hemoptoic sputum and progressive dyspnea. Radiological explorations showed multiple bilateral lung nodules and a retroperitoneal mass. A CT-guided biopsy of the retroperitoneal mass revealed a high-grade angiosarcoma. A review of the nephrectomy specimen showed a microscopic focus of angiosarcoma in the urothelial carcinoma. Therefore, the initial diagnosis was changed to CS of the renal pelvis with an angiosarcoma component. The patient developed progressive respiratory failure and died 8 weeks after surgery. An autopsy revealed a large retroperitoneal mass with metastatic nodules to the abdominal wall, diaphragm, small intestine, liver, spleen, and lung. All lesions were angiosarcoma, with no evidence of urothelial carcinoma. This is the first case reported of a patient with CS of the upper urinary tract with an angiosarcoma component with a very aggressive course that caused the immediate appearance of multiple angiosarcoma metastases. We also describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of CS, which will help to contribute to a better understanding of this type of tumor.
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PMID:Carcinosarcoma of the upper urinary tract with an aggressive angiosarcoma component. 2689 Dec 33

CASE DESCRIPTION 4 dogs were examined because of pleural effusion and ventricular tachycardia, coughing and supraventricular tachycardia, appendicular osteosarcoma, and syncopal episodes. CLINICAL FINDINGS In all 4 dogs, a heart base tumor was identified by means of thoracic CT. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME In all 4 dogs, the heart base tumors were treated by means of stereotactic body radiation therapy. Dogs were anesthetized, and neuromuscular blockade was achieved with atracurium or vecuronium. A circle rebreathing system with 15 m (50 feet) of anesthetic tubing coursing through the vault wall was used to connect the patient to the anesthesia machine, which was located in the control room. After a brief period of hyperventilation, an inspiratory breath was held at 20 cm H2O for the duration of beam delivery. Each beam delivery lasted between 30 and 100 seconds. Immediately following the breath hold, assisted ventilation was resumed. Mean treatment delivery time for each patient was 26 minutes; mean total anesthesia time was 89 minutes. All patients recovered without complications. There was no evidence of hemoglobin desaturation or hypercapnia during the anesthetic procedure. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The technique allowed for control of the respiration cycle from outside the radiation vault and a short overall treatment time. No adverse effects were encountered. This procedure should be considered when delivering radiation to structures within the thoracic cavity.
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PMID:Neuromuscular blockade and inspiratory breath hold during stereotactic body radiation therapy for treatment of heart base tumors in four dogs. 2805 56

Endobronchial metastasis (EBM) from extrapulmonary primary malignancy is a rare entity. Although the most common site of metastasis of osteosarcoma is the lungs, EBM remains a rare occurrence. Cough and dyspnea are the most common symptoms. A significant number of patients are asymptomatic, making the diagnosis without any radiographic imaging challenging. CT scan of the lung, along with bronchoscopy and biopsy, is the mainstay of diagnosis and staging. A 36-year-old man presented with small cell osteosarcoma of the left maxillary region and was treated with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. The patient presented 8 years later with axillary metastasis and was found to have lung metastasis on further workup. Bronchoscopy and biopsy proved an EBM that was debulked by hot snare technique. The patient was then started on chemotherapy for recurrent small cell osteosarcoma.
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PMID:Endobronchial metastasis as an uncommon pattern of metastatic dissemination from small cell osteosarcoma. 3136 15


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