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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 39-year-old male was admitted complaining of nonproductive cough and dyspnea on exertion. Death occurred eight months after onset of the symptoms. Autopsy examination showed that the pulmonary trunk and left main pulmonary artery were markedly dilated and completely occluded by a tumor. The tumor had infiltrated into the left upper lobe and mediastinal lymph nodes, and metastatic nodules were found in both lungs and in the left adrenal gland. Small foci of infarction were noted in the lower lobes of both lungs. The tumor cells were of two types; pleomorphic spindle cells and bizarre multinucleated giant cells. Immunohistochemically, they were positive for vimentin, myosin, and lysozyme, but negative for desmin and muscle-specific actin. The cytoplasm of the tumor cells was showed by electron microscopy to contain microfilaments, dense bodies, and pinocytotic vesicles. We diagnosed this case as undifferentiated sarcoma of the pulmonary artery. Approximately 100 cases of pulmonary artery sarcoma have been reported. Histopathologically, almost all of the reported cases showed both spindle cells and pleomorphic giant cells, indicating a biologically anaplastic neoplasm.
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PMID:A case of primary sarcoma of the pulmonary artery. 146 48

We report a 60-year-old man, who was admitted to the hospital with complaints of cough and sputum. His chest x-ray showed an abnormal mass in the right upper lobe. After admission he noticed the painful gingival tumor. Right upper lobectomy and resection of the gingival tumor were performed. Their histological features showed that the tumor consisted of a papillary and tubular adenocarcinoma mixed with a component of spindle cells. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated a positive reaction in the epithelial component for keratin and epithelial membrane antigen, and not only these epithelial markers but also vimentin were expressed in some spindle tumor cells. Electron microscopic study confirmed the biphasic pattern, showing gland formation and undifferentiated cells. We diagnose this case as adenocarcinoma of the lung with a spindle cell component and the gingival tumor was metastatic. Autopsy showed that metastatic lesions were found in the left adrenal gland and in the left kidney. The tumor cells in the left adrenal gland were composed of spindle cells and the tumor in the left kidney showed gland formation. Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic findings of surgical and autopsy specimen suggest that this tumor is of epithelial origin, and the spindle cells are derived from immature mesenchymal cell transformation of epithelial cells.
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PMID:A case of adenocarcinoma of the lung with a spindle cell component. 147 33

A case of glomus tumour of the trachea is reported. The patient, a 58-year-old man, complained of dyspnoea, cough and occasional haemoptysis for many years and had been misdiagnosed as having chronic bronchitis. The diagnosis of glomus tumour in a tissue sample taken by bronchoscopy was useful in planning adequate surgery. Light and electromicroscopy of the excised tumour confirmed the preoperative diagnosis. Immunohistochemical examination showed vimentin and actin in the tumour cells, and negativity for high and low molecular weight keratins, desmin, neurofilaments, and factor VIII-related antigen, findings similar to glomus tumours of other sites.
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PMID:Glomus tumour of the trachea: report of a case with microscopic, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical examination and review of the literature. 166 2

A 76-year-old man with spindle cell (squamous) carcinoma of the lung developed fatal respiratory failure after limited thoracic irradiation at a total dose of 18 Gy. He developed severe pulmonary toxicity, which presented as dry cough, dyspnea, and pulmonary infiltrates extending beyond the radiation field. Microscopically, a transitional form of squamous to spindle-shaped cells was observed in the primary tumor, located at right S8. Immunohistochemical examination showed positive staining of spindle cells for keratin, vimentin, and EMA, but not for desmin. These results indicate that the spindle cells had characteristics of squamous epithelial cells, and differed from carcinosarcoma. Distant metastatic lesions were composed of only the spindle cell component.
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PMID:[A case of spindle cell (squamous) carcinoma (WHO) of the lung]. 180 85

Fourteen cases of a mediastinal neoplasm identical to solitary fibrous tumor (so-called fibrous mesothelioma) of the pleura were observed. The lesions presented with cough, chest pain, dyspnea, or as asymptomatic masses detected radiographically. Two patients had associated hypoglycemia. Eleven of the tumors were in the antero-superior mediastinum. One arose on a pedicle from the thymus, and another had entrapped thymic elements. Tumor cells were variably immunoreactive for vimentin and actin, but not for keratin, and lacked ultrastructural evidence of mesothelial or epithelial differentiation. Eight cases had highly cellular mitotically active regions of which six of seven with follow-up behaved aggressively; the exception was the pedunculated tumor. A 13-cm, histologically bland tumor has recurred twice. Aggressive behavior was more common than reported for solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura, but the same criteria (size, cellularity, mitotic activity, presence of pedicle) were of prognostic significance. The occurrence of solitary fibrous tumor in the mediastinum with the suggestion of thymic origin for some cases, combined with the immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings, support a mesenchymal origin for this tumor. The differential diagnosis includes spindle cell thymoma, hemangiopericytoma, and peripheral nerve tumors.
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PMID:Solitary fibrous tumor of the mediastinum. A report of 14 cases. 273 90

We present 25 cases of a primary pulmonary sarcoma bearing histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features indistinguishable from those of monophasic synovial sarcoma of soft tissue. The patients were 11 men and 14 women between the ages of 16 and 77 years. Clinically, the most common symptoms were chest pain, cough, shortness of breath, and hemoptysis. The lesions involved all lung segments. Grossly, they varied in size from 0.6 to 20 cm and were described as soft to rubbery tumors with areas of necrosis and hemorrhage, some with cystic changes. Two lesions involved the bronchial wall and in one case the tumor was described as encircling the bronchial tree. Histologically, all of the lesions were characterized by an atypical spindle cell proliferation with a solid growth pattern. Areas of myxoid, neural, hemangiopericytic, and epithelial-like growth pattern were observed. Mitoses, necrosis, and hemorrhage were seen in all lesions in varying proportions. Immunohistochemical studies for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and keratin showed strong focal positivity in 25 of 25 and 23 of 25 lesions, respectively. Immunohistochemical study for vimentin showed diffuse strong positivity in all lesions. Other immunostains, including desmin, smooth muscle actin, and S-100 protein, were negative. Electron microscopy in three cases showed spindle cells with elongated nuclei containing abundant cytoplasmic rough endoplasmic reticulum and well developed desmosome type intercellular junctions. Follow-up information ranging from 2 to 20 years was obtained in 18 patients. Six patients died of their tumors, whereas four patients died of unrelated causes without evidence of recurrence or metastases. Eight patients were alive with disease (recurrence and/or metastases) from 1 to 7 years after diagnosis. Four patients were alive and well without evidence of recurrence or metastases from 2 to 20 years (mean follow-up, 12.5 years). The present group of lesions appears to constitute a distinctive and as yet previously undescribed primary sarcoma of the lung, which probably represents the visceral counterpart of monophasic synovial sarcoma of soft tissue in a pulmonary location. Because of their distinctive biology these lesions should be distinguished from a variety of primary and metastatic malignancies of the lung.
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PMID:Primary pulmonary sarcomas with features of monophasic synovial sarcoma: a clinicopathological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study of 25 cases. 775 Sep 31

Four cases are presented of primary anterior mediastinal tumors in young adults that were characterized by solid, infiltrative lesions showing histologic and immunohistochemical features of rhabdomyoblastic differentiation. The patients were three men and one woman between 19 and 27 years of age (mean age, 23 years). All patients presented with symptoms referable to their tumors, including cough, chest pain, dyspnea, and left-sided pleural effusion. Grossly and radiographically, the lesions were characterized by their solid, infiltrative appearance. Histologically, two cases corresponded to the solid variant of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, one case was an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma with a predominant spindle cell component, and the remaining case showed the features of a pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma. No glandular, epithelial, or other component could be identified in any of the tumors on extensive sampling. Immunohistochemical studies showed positive staining of the tumor cells with actin, desmin, and vimentin antibodies, with focal positivity for myoglobin in three cases and focal positive staining with S-100 protein in one case. Stains for low and high molecular weight keratin, carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, placental alkaline phosphatase, leukocyte-common antigen, and neuron-specific enolase were negative. All patients experienced rapid recurrence and metastases within the first 6 months after diagnosis. Three patients died within this period due to their tumors; the fourth patient has been lost to follow-up. Pure primary rhabdomyosarcomas of the anterior mediastinum are highly aggressive neoplasms that should be distinguished from germ cell, teratomatous, or carcinosarcomatous tumors with a focal rhabdomyoblastic component.
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PMID:Rhabdomyosarcomas of the anterior mediastinum: report of four cases unassociated with germ cell, teratomatous, or thymic carcinomatous components. 816 67

Granular cell tumours rarely involve the lower respiratory tract. We report eight cases surgically resected at our institution. There were four females and four males, aged between 18 to 56 years (mean 40). One tumour associated with a peripheral lung adenocarcinoma was asymptomatic. The other lesions presented with obstructive pneumonitis (3 cases), haemoptysis (2), dyspnea (1) or cough (1). These tumours were tracheal (1) or bronchial (6) and one case was located in the lung parenchyma. Four cases were multicentric with associated lesions located in a bronchus (2), the oesophagus (1) or a mediastinal lymph node (1). All tumours, with the largest diameter ranging from 0.5-4.5 cm, were histologically invasive. The tumours were positive for S-100 protein, neuron specific enolase, KP1 (CD68) and vimentin. No tumour expressed desmin, keratin or p53 oncoprotein. Our study demonstrates that, in spite of marked anatomical and clinical polymorphism, the rare granular cell tumours of the lower respiratory tract have a constant histological appearance. Our observations confirm that large tumours (> 8-10 mm) usually extend beyond the tracheo-bronchial cartilages and, therefore, only surgical treatment may avoid recurrence.
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PMID:Granular cell tumours of the lower respiratory tract. 852 90

Nine cases of primary non-lymphoblastic, non-Hodgkin's large cell lymphomas of the mediastinum characterized by a highly pleomorphic histologic appearance are described. The patients, four women and five men, were aged 30 to 65 years. All patients presented with symptoms referable to their tumors, including cough, chest pain, dyspnea, pleural effusion, and superior vena cava syndrome. Clinical and pathologic staging in all patients showed that the bulk of the tumor was confined to the chest cavity at the time of initial diagnosis, with local infiltration into the neck, lung hilum, and surrounding mediastinal structures. Three different histological growth patterns were observed: one composed of a diffuse proliferation of pleomorphic, highly atypical cells with bizarre nuclear features that closely resembled a high grade sarcoma; another one composed of sheets of large, epithelial-appearing atypical cells suggestive of anaplastic carcinoma; and another pattern characterized by a pleomorphic proliferation of large lymphoid cells admixed with numerous scattered Reed-Sternberg-like cells reminiscent of the lymphocyte-depleted variant of Hodgkin's disease. Immunohistochemical studies on paraffin-embedded tissue sections in all cases showed positive staining of the tumor cells with CD20 and CD45 antibodies and negative staining with a large panel of markers, including broad-spectrum keratin, CAM 5.2, carcinoembryonic antigen, epithelial membrane antigen, vimentin, actin, desmin, HMB 45, S-100 protein, CD3, CD15, CD30, and CD45RO. Because of their location restricted to the anterior mediastinum, frequent lack of recognizable lymph node architecture, and bizarre cytologic features, the present group of lesions posed difficulties for diagnosis, their correct identification was achieved through the application of a panel of immunohistochemical markers. An awareness of these unusual histologic appearances of primary large cell lymphoma in the mediastinum and inclusion of a broad panel of lymphoid markers are therefore recommended for the evaluation of pleomorphic, undifferentiated malignant neoplasms of this anatomic region.
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PMID:Pleomorphic large cell lymphomas of the mediastinum. 855 12

The patient was a 75-year-old man complaining of cough in July 1996. Chest X-ray demonstrated a tumor in the left S6. Percutaneous lung biopsy specimen revealed lung cancer. On September 4, 1996, left lobectomy (R 2 a) was performed. The tumor was 3.8 x 3.2 x 2.1 cm in size and showed a white yellow solid mass (pT2N0M0, pStage I, p1d0e0pm0). The pathological examination was confirmed no differentiation in adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. More than 90% of the tumor cells were characterized as having large clear cytoplasm. On immunohistochemical study, the tumor cells expressed positive with EMA, CEA, cytokeratin and negative with vimentin. The postoperative findings showed no presence of renal cell carcinoma. As the result, a diagnosis of primary clear cell carcinoma of the lung was made. The postoperative course is uneventful.
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PMID:[Primary clear cell carcinoma of the lung: report of an operative case]. 963 49


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