Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this study the Authors have verified the efficacy of Thymopentin administered via aerosol in the prevention of recurrent catarrhal episodes in the patients affected by COPD during the winter season, compared to the previous winter. In October, 1 phial of Thymopentin was administered via aerosol to 15 patients affected by COPD, daily, for 10 consecutive days; all patients were evaluated at monthly clinical control for 4 months and all patients were invited to keep a diary of daily variations. After 4 months from treatment a net improvement was observed in the clinical parameters studied: sputum (volume and purulence), cough and dyspnoea, but the most interesting datum was the total absence of recurrent episodes of infection, associated to the reduction in quantity of antibiotics, mucolytics and number of days of illness and with noticeable improvement in the quality of life of the patients.
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PMID:[Aerosol thymopentin in the prevention of relapse of chronic bronchitis]. 130 35

We compared the efficacy of nebulized (N) and sprayed (S) topical anaesthesia prior to fibreoptic bronchoscopy in a blinded study involving 54 patients aged 57 +/- 26 yrs (mean +/- SD). Cough frequency, recorded on cassette tape, was the index of efficacy. All patients received 100 mg lignocaine sprayed into the pharynx, or nebulized in random order prior to bronchoscopy, and all received intravenous diazepam sedation. Each patient received a further 100 mg of lignocaine solution through the bronchoscope onto the vocal cords and major airways during the procedure. No significant difference was found in overall cough frequency between N and S groups (8.7 +/- 6.9 coughs.min-1 N vs 10.5 +/- 6.0 S), and cough frequency was also similar between N and S during the periods above and below the vocal cords. Furthermore, no differences were found in cough frequency between N and S among smokers, patients with asthma and COPD, and patients who had a biopsy procedure, although a trend was seen in all comparisons towards a lower cough frequency with the nebulized route. Most patients in the S group found the spray unpleasant, whereas only one in the N group complained. We conclude that nebulized and sprayed lignocaine have similar efficacy as topical anaesthetics in fibreoptic bronchoscopy, but patient preference favours the nebulized route.
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PMID:Comparison of nebulized and sprayed topical anaesthesia for fibreoptic bronchoscopy. 142 24

Four hundred episodes of COPD among patients admitted to Chulalongkorn Hospital between 1982 and 1986 were analyzed. There were 193 males and 45 females with 325 and 75 episodes of admission, respectively; the average age on admission was 68.4 +/- 0.5 years. The most significant associated underlying factor was cigarette smoking in 94 per cent of the cases, with the patients smoking an average of 1.15 packs of cigarettes per day for 43 years. In our study, 26.8 per cent of the patients had a cough, with the average age at onset being 47.4 +/- 2.1 years. The most common clinical manifestation was dyspnea with 58.5, 35.2 and 0.5 per cent having dyspnea functional class II, III, IV and with the average age at onset being 61.1 +/- 0.7, 66.6 +/- 0.7 and 71.0 +/- 1.0 years, respectively. An important manifestation on admission was dyspnea functional class III and IV, which were present in of 89 per cent of the cases. The main precipitating factors which led to the patients' admission were upper respiratory tract infection, pneumonia, bronchospasms and congestive heart failure, which accounted for 48.0, 10.0, 8.5, 31.8 and 18.3 per cent of the cases, respectively. With regard to these complications, there were 16.5, 48.3, 31.1 and 12.5 per cent of the patients who suffered respiratory failure requiring assisted ventilation, corpulmonale, polycythemia and peptic ulcer, respectively. Arterial blood gas on admission revealed a pH level of 7.36 +/- 0.1, pCO2 of 53.3 +/- 23.7 torr, and PO2 of 54.2 +/- 19.9 torr.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at Chulalongkorn Hospital: an analysis of 400 episodes. 181 89

We studied the clinical and instrumental modifications of 20 patients (mean age: 67.95 +/- 1.23 years; 13 males, 7 females) suffering from COPD (less than 65% theoretical FEV1), during treatment with bamiphylline. At basal time, and after 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 months of therapy we performed a clinical and spirometric examination. All spirometric parameters (FEV1, VC, MEF25-75, Tiffeneau Index) increased significantly (p less than 0.01 - ANOVA1) since the first control performed after 1 month of treatment. This trend was confirmed in the successive controls. Analogue results were observed for emogasanalytical (P-CO2-PO2) and clinical (cough and dyspnoea) parameters. During the experimental research we did not observe side effects due to the xanthine-derivative (bamiphylline) under study or modifications of the main haematochemical tests. Therefore we believe that bamiphylline must be considered an effective therapeutic tool for COPD therapy.
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PMID:[Therapeutic effectiveness of bamifylline in elderly patients with COPD]. 200 29

A 50-year-old man with pulmonary fibrosis and COPD presented with worsening cough, dyspnea, chest pain, and hypoxemia of no readily apparent etiology, approximately four weeks after insertion of a transtracheal oxygen therapy catheter. Despite vigorous bronchial hygiene therapy, the patient died. Autopsy revealed obstruction of the trachea by a large mucous ball. We point out the nonspecificity of physical and radiologic findings associated with this condition and suggest that serial flow-volume loop analysis or earlier use of fiberoptic bronchoscopy might have been of assistance in premortem diagnosis of the mucous plug.
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PMID:Fatal airway obstruction caused by a mucous ball from a transtracheal oxygen catheter. 160 Aug 12

States of airflow obstruction are common disorders which span the spectrum from asthmatic-chronic bronchitis to emphysema. Asthmatic and chronic bronchitic states are at least potentially reversible by systematic, pharmacologically oriented therapy focusing on bronchodilators and corticosteroids. Both asthmatic bronchitis, particularly when it is not adequately treated, and emphysema result in the final common pathway of COPD. These are generally progressive states, unless smoking cessation can be achieved in early or mild stages of disease. The future focuses on the great challenge of early identification, classification, and intervention. Thus, all patients with cough, dyspnea, and wheeze should be carefully evaluated by health workers who understand the history, physical examination, and simple pulmonary function tests in the context of chest radiology. These clinical methods together can help define the disease states characterized by airflow obstruction. Often, a final definition of disease cannot be made until aggressive attempts at the treatment of the airflow obstruction and its attendant symptoms complex have been vigorously pursued by experienced clinicians.
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PMID:Definitions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 220 36

Pulmonary infection due to the filariform larvae of Strongloides stercoralis may occur in immunocompromised patients residing in endemic areas of the United States. Such infection usually presents as dyspnea with a cough that sometimes results in bloody sputum. Although the chest roentgenogram often reveals a patchy bilateral alveolar infiltrate, acute respiratory distress is unusual. We report a patient who experienced severe exacerbation of his underlying obstructive lung disease that was associated with chest infiltrates and recovery of S stercoralis from his sputum. Although initial improvement was accomplished with Thiobendazole treatment, a re-exacerbation occurred when antiparasitic therapy was completed. The persistence of his infection is correlated to factors that are commonly employed in the treatment of COPD but may be overlooked as predisposing causes of hyperinfection with S stercoralis.
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PMID:Exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to hyperinfection with Strongyloides stercoralis. 234 69

We investigated the role of the viscoelastic and adhesive properties of mucus gel simulants on the clearance of mucus by simulated cough. Mucus-like gels with widely varying viscoelastic properties were prepared from polysaccharides crosslinked with sodium borate. Cough was simulated by opening a solenoid valve connecting a model trachea to a pressurized tank. The clearance of gels lining the model trachea was quantified by observing marker particle transport. Viscosity elastic modulus, relaxation time and yield stress were measured with a steady-shear viscoelastometer. Spinnability (thread formation) was determined with a filancemeter. Adhesivity (surface tension) was measured by the platinum ring technique. The viscoelastic and adhesive properties of the mucus gel simulants spanned the ranges observed for bronchial secretions from patients with COPD. The relationship between simulated cough clearance and the viscoelastic and adhesive properties of the gels was analyzed by stepwise linear regression of the non-zero data matrix. The major independent variable relating to clearance was viscosity. Secondary, but highly significant dependences, were also found for spinnability and adhesivity. Elastic modulus, relaxation time and yield stress had no independent effect on cough clearance over the investigated range. The results indicate that, in the absence of airway surface liquid, cough-type clearance relates primarily with mucus gel viscosity. For a given viscosity, clearance is also impaired by spinnability, i.e. the capacity of the mucus to form threads. At constant viscosity and spinnability, clearance is further impaired by an increase in the adhesivity of the mucus. The negative dependence of each of these physical factors can be rationalized in terms of their inhibitory effect on wave formation in the mucus lining layer during high velocity airflow interaction.
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PMID:The role of mucus gel viscosity, spinnability, and adhesive properties in clearance by simulated cough. 261 67

A patient had chronic, persistent cough as the presenting symptom of the neuromuscular disorder oculopharyngeal dystrophy (OPD). The presence of a significant smoking history initially resulted in the cough incorrectly being attributed to COPD. By using a systematic diagnostic approach, the correct etiology was determined.
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PMID:Chronic cough as the presenting symptom of oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy. 292 27

We considered if the cyanosis frequently observed during a cough attack in patients with chronic lung disease was due to worsening hypoxemia. To investigate the effects of cough on PaO2, we measured arterial blood gases before and after a voluntary coughing period of 45 sec, in 11 patients with Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) and 14 patients with Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD). All patients significantly increased (p less than 0.05) their PaO2 (COPD: from 49 +/- 2 to 60 +/- 2 mmHg; ILD from 44 +/- 2 to 51 +/- 3 mmHg, mean +/- SD) and decreased their PaCO2. We conclude that stable patients with COPD and ILD increase their PaO2 with coughing most likely due to hyperventilation. The cyanosis observed could be due to peripheral circulatory effects of coughing.
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PMID:PaO2 increases with coughing in patients with chronic lung disease. 314 75


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