Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G -positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD-AQP4) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that predominantly affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. Rituximab (RTX)-a monoclonal antibody to CD20 in B cells-is effective in the treatment of NMOSD. However, interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a very rare yet potentially fatal complication of RTX treatment. Here, we detail the first reported case of RTX-induced ILD in a patient with NMOSD-AQP4. ILD should be suspected in patients with NMOSD undergoing RTX treatment who present with dyspnea and/or cough without any signs or symptoms of infection.
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PMID:Rituximab-induced interstitial lung disease in a patient with aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. 2941 97

Objective. In China, the Chinese medicine formula modified zhisou powder (MZP) is commonly used to treat COPD with cold-dryness syndrome (CDSCOPD) to relieve cough and sputum. However, the underlying mechanisms of MZP on treating CDSCOPD remain to be elucidated. Methods. COPD and CDSCOPD rat models were established; MZP was given to CDSCOPD rats in the last 7 days of the 97-day model establishment. Then the rats were subjected to lung function measurement. Pathological changes in lungs were observed through paraffin section and H&E staining. The mRNA and protein levels of AQP1, 4, and 5 and Muc5AC and Muc5B in lung were determined by quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting. NE levels was determined by ELISA. Results. The impaired lung functions were observed in rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Among all parameters evaluating lung functions, only tidal volume demonstrates a further decrease in CDSCOPD when compared with COPD, indicating further impaired pulmonary ventilation functions upon cold-dryness stimulation. The intervention of MZP effectively improved lung functions parameters, prevented the inflammations, and eliminated the increases of AQP4 and 5 and the decrease of Muc5AC in lung. Conclusion. MZP probably improves pulmonary functions in CDSCOPD through inhibiting lung inflammation, increasing expressions of AQPs, and decreasing Muc5AC expression in lung.
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PMID:Effects of Modified Zhisou Powder on Airway Mucus Production in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Model Rats with Cold-Dryness Syndrome. 3010 60

Diagonistic apraxia is a corpus callosal disconnection syndrome. Callosal lesions in Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) have been reported, but callosal disconnection syndrome are rare. A 48-year-old woman was treated for fever and a cough before hospitalization. Her fever abated immediately, but she had balance problems in walking and standing. She also had slurred speech. On neurological examination, she had diagonistic apraxia. Her left hand moved in an uncoordinated way when she moved her right hand: changing her clothes for example or using a knife and fork. She had to instruct her left hand to stop. She had dysarthria and her gait was wide-based. She also had many callosal disconnection syndrome symptoms such as alexia of left visual field, left ear extinction, crossed optic ataxia. Using FLAIR and DWI MRI, a mixture of low and high signals, a so-called "marbled pattern," was seen in the corpus callosum. Since the patient was positive for anti-aquaporin-4 antibody, she was diagnosed with NMOSD. After two courses of steroid pulse therapy, the symptoms improved. Here we report diagonistic apraxia and other symptoms of callosal disconnection syndrome in anti-AQP4-positive NMOSD.
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PMID:Diagonistic Apraxia: A Unique Case of Corpus Callosal Disconnection Syndrome and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder. 3014 71