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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

All the Tahitian school children from 3rd to final grade were questioned by an auto-questionnaire in May 1979. 93% replied to the questions asked (3,870). The prevalence of upper respiratory infections was increased as well as broncho-pulmonary symptoms (cough or other lung disease) during the year under study when compared to a control group in Metropolitan France. This prevalence was significantly increased both in boys and girls who smoked. The incidence of frequent or chronic cough was most increased in the older pupils, boarders, those followed a technical curriculum and belonging to the lower socio-professional categories. Asthma was very frequent at 11.5%, had an equal sex incidence and was not linked to any identifiable factor--the same enquiry was done in the Bas-Rhin department in France 3 years before; Tahitian school children, in general, have double the incidence of respiratory disease that is found in the Bas-Rhin.
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PMID:[Prevalence and aetiology of respiratory symptoms and affections in adolescent school children in French Polynesia (author's transl)]. 710 Jun 15

The aim of this paper was to study the effect of pets and other domestic animals on bronchial asthma among United Arab Emirates (UAE) schoolchildren aged 6-14 years. A cross-sectional study of 850 schoolchildren living in both urban and rural areas (average age 9.36 +/- 2.11 years, 46.8% boys and 53.2% girls) was conducted using self-administered questionnaires between October 1992 and May 1993. Prevalence rate for asthma, rhinitis, wheeze, cough, and eczema in children from families with and without animals were investigated. A total of 40.7% of families studied were found to keep animals in their homes. Children from families with animals were found to have a significantly higher prevalence rate of respiratory symptoms than those without. The prevalence rate for asthma in children with animals was found to be twice that of children without (RR: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.40-2.95). The risk of having chronic cough (RR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.21-3.10), breathlessness/chest tightness (RR: 2.53; 95% CI: 1.59-4.02), chronic wheeze (RR: 2.10; 95% CI: 1.20-3.67), allergic rhinitis (RR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.17-2.00) was significantly higher in children with animals than in children without. Similarly, the risk of having eczema (RR: 2.55; 95%, CI: 1.74-3.75) was significantly higher among children with animals than among those without. Overall, there was a highly statistically significant difference in the prevalence of asthma, wheeze, nocturnal cough, eczema, and rhinitis between children in families with animals and those without (p < 0.0001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
J Asthma 1995
PMID:Pet ownership in the UAE: its effect on allergy and respiratory symptoms. 755 61

We performed a hospital-based study to examine a hypothesis that indoor air pollution was associated with acute asthma in young children living in Kuala Lumpur City. A total of 158 children aged 1 month to 5 years hospitalized for the first time for asthma were recruited as cases. Controls were 201 children of the same age group who were hospitalized for causes other than a respiratory illness. Information was obtained from mothers using a standardized questionnaire. Univariate analysis identified two indoor pollution variables as significant factors. Sharing a bedroom with an adult smoker and exposure to mosquito coil smoke at least three nights in a week were both associated with increased risk for asthma. Logistic regression analysis confirmed that sharing a bedroom with an adult smoker (OR = 1.91, 95% CI 1.13, 3.21) and exposure to mosquito coil smoke (OR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.02, 2.93) were independent risk factors. Other factors independently associated with acute asthma were previous history of allergy, history of asthma in first-degree relatives, low birth weight, and the presence of a coughing sibling. There was no association between asthma and exposure to kerosene stove, wood stove, aerosol mosquito repellent, type of housing, or crowding. We conclude that indoor air pollution is an avoidable factor in the increasing morbidity due to asthma in children in a tropical environment.
J Asthma 1995
PMID:Indoor air pollution and asthma in hospitalized children in a tropical environment. 759 44

Chronic cough is a common symptom in many different disease processes. Because the most effective way to eliminate a chronic cough is to identify and treat the underlying disease, the physician must approach the paediatric patient based on his or her knowledge of the differential diagnosis. The most common causes of cough in children are upper respiratory tract infections, asthma, rhinitis, sinusitis, and gastroesophageal reflux. By using a systematic approach, the cause of a chronic cough can almost always be found, and the cough successfully treated. Asthma is the cause of most undiagnosed chronic coughs but sinusitis, rhinitis, and gastroesophageal reflux must also be considered in difficult patients.
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PMID:Treatment options in the child with a chronic cough. 768 7

This present study, conducted in 1991, examined trends in the prevalence, severity and medical management of asthma in European school children by repeating the protocol of a study performed in 1985, using the same schools and questionnaire. One thousand, nine hundred and one children in 1991 were compared with 1084 children in 1985. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms increased significantly by approximately one-third, although the increase in the diagnostic label 'asthma' did not increase significantly. Asthma severity indices (> 12 asthma attacks in the last 12 months and symptoms in the last month) were not significantly increased, except for night cough in the last month (1985 7.0%, 1991 9.9%, P = 0.008). In 1991, children with wheeze in the last 12 months were more likely to be diagnosed as having asthma and treated with bronchodilators and prophylactic drugs than in 1985. We conclude that the prevalence of asthma symptoms has increased from 1985 to 1991, but the two indices of severity of asthma are mostly unchanged. Diagnosis of asthma in children with symptoms has improved but asthma still appears underrecognized. Drug treatment of asthma has increased.
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PMID:Prevalence, severity and medical management of asthma in European school children in 1985 and 1991. 923 45

Patients with symptoms suggestive of asthma often have normal resting pulmonary function. In these patients, a determination of airway responsiveness by bronchial challenge is useful in demonstrating bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR), a defining feature of asthma. In the methacholine (Mch) challenge, it is recommended that following a baseline measurement of FEV1, the patient inhale the normal saline (NS) diluent and FEV1 be repeated to assess for nonspecific BHR to NS. It is also recommended that post-NS inhalation FEV1 should be used as the control value from which decrement in FEV1 is compared following Mch challenge. Mch testing was performed in 44 patients with symptoms suggestive of asthma (cough, chest tightness, dyspnea) and normal resting pulmonary function. Baseline spirometry was obtained and repeated after inhalation of NS and after five breaths each of Mch at the following concentrations: 0.025 mg/ml, 0.25 mg/ml, 2.5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml, and 25 mg/ml. The procedure was terminated when FEV1 decreased to at least 80% of the post-NS value or if the maximal concentration of Mch had been reached. The post-NS FEV1 value was > or = 91% of the pre-NS value in all the subjects range 91-105%). Using the post-NS FEV1 as the recommended control value, 20 patients (45%) had a positive Mch challenge and 24 patients (55%) had a negative Mch challenge. Had we used the pre-NS FEV1 as a control value, only 2 patients would have been reclassified, and when these 2 cases are carefully examined, there would have been no significant change in the clinical interpretation of the MCh test.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
J Asthma 1995
PMID:Lack of significant bronchial reactivity to inhaled normal saline in subjects with a positive methacholine challenge test. 784 91

In a double-blind, double-dummy, multicenter study, 212 patients with asthma whose symptoms were not controlled by as-needed use of inhaled bronchodilators were randomized to receive either 4 mg of nedocromil sodium or 180 micrograms of albuterol four times daily for 12 weeks. Asthma symptom scores (daytime asthma, nighttime asthma, morning chest tightness, and cough) and peak expiratory flow rate were recorded daily on diary cards. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness was assessed by changes in diurnal variation in peak expiratory flow rate and by methacholine inhalation challenge. Statistically significant differences were found between groups favoring nedocromil sodium for relief of day and nighttime asthma and morning chest tightness. Patients treated with nedocromil sodium also had significantly lower diurnal variation in peak expiratory flow rate compared with patients treated with albuterol. Compared with patients treated with albuterol, patients treated with nedocromil sodium showed a greater improvement in cough and a decreased sensitivity to methacholine challenge. Patients in both groups reduced their as-needed albuterol use. Regular treatment with nedocromil sodium therefore led to greater asthma symptom control and reduced bronchial responsiveness compared with regular treatment with albuterol. The study also showed that more frequent use of a beta 2-agonist (for symptom relief or not) did not improve asthma control. Both drugs were well tolerated.
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PMID:Asthma symptoms and airway hyperresponsiveness are lower during treatment with nedocromil sodium than during treatment with regular inhaled albuterol. 785 70

Asthma, better termed hyperactive airway disease, is characterized by increased responsiveness of the tracheo-bronchial tree to exogenous and endogenous stimuli. The hallmark of this illness is widespread inflammation and narrowing of the tracheo-bronchial tree. This is manifested clinically by paroxysms of dyspnea, wheezing and cough which generally occur together. Treatment involves addressing the bronchospastic as well as the inflammatory components of asthma.
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PMID:New trends in asthma. 791 44

A double-blind, randomized, crossover study was done to determine the efficacy of colchicine in 30 atopic children with moderately severe asthma. A constant dose of sustained-release theophylline and salbutamol by inhalation, as needed, was administered to all patients. Compared to placebo, colchicine, 0.5 mg twice daily, significantly reduced morning tightness and nocturnal asthma score. There was, however, no significant difference between colchicine and placebo for cough, daytime asthma, or daily combined symptom scores for each patient. Colchicine did not significantly decrease beta-2 agonist inhaler use when compared with placebo. Similarly, there was no statistically significant difference between placebo and colchicine therapy as far as pulmonary function tests and peak flow reversibility were concerned. Thus, colchicine administered for 4 weeks demonstrated insufficient antiasthma activity. Colchicine-induced clinical improvement that was reported in a previous study may be due to selection of patients with mild asthma symptoms. However, our group, comprised of moderately severe asthmatic patients, did not show a satisfactory clinical response.
J Asthma 1994
PMID:A clinical study of colchicine in childhood asthma. 792 31

Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood. Its clinical manifestation is not as typical as adult asthma. Recurrent episodes of cough and wheezing are the most frequent symptoms. There is no universally accepted definition of childhood asthma. Asthma is more likely to be missed or labelled as bronchitis. Underdiagnosis causes the delay in regular and specific treatment.
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PMID:[Bronchial asthma as a disease seldom recognized in children]. 795 Oct 94


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