Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Respiratory syncytial virus is an important cause of hospitalization in preterm infants. Palivizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein, is currently the only licensed product in Europe available for prophylaxis of respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection. This study was conducted to obtain additional European data on the safety of palivizumab in preterm infants 29-32 weeks' gestational age without chronic lung disease. Subjects less than 6 months old were enrolled between October 2000 and April 2001. Demographic information was obtained and physical examination was performed at enrollment. Subjects received 15 mg/kg palivizumab intramuscularly every 30 days for the duration of the respiratory syncytial virus season. Subjects hospitalized for respiratory illness were tested for respiratory syncytial virus infection with respiratory syncytial virus rapid antigen tests. At monthly visits, interim history for adverse events/respiratory illness and physical exam was performed. A total of 285 subjects were enrolled from 35 centers in 18 countries. The mean (+/-SD) gestational age was 30.8+/-1.1 weeks, the mean birth weight 1.5+/-0.4 kg, and 56% were <12 weeks of age at enrollment. Over 80% of patients received at least four palivizumab doses; all received at least one dose. The most commonly reported adverse events (>5%) were rhinitis, increased cough, fever, pharyngitis, bronchiolitis, and diarrhea. Only six subjects reported adverse events that were considered possibly related to palivizumab. No deaths were reported. Twenty subjects were hospitalized during the study; six of these were respiratory syncytial virus positive. Palivizumab is safe and well tolerated in preterm infants 29-32 weeks' gestation without chronic lung disease.
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PMID:Safety of palivizumab in preterm infants 29 to 32 weeks' gestational age without chronic lung disease to prevent serious respiratory syncytial virus infection. 1282 37

Respiratory syncytial virus, the most common cause of bronchiolitis, is the leading cause of infant hospitalization in developed countries and accounts for substantial mortality and morbidity in developing countries. Children at increased risk of developing severe bronchiolitis are those <6 weeks of age, those born prematurely and those with an underlying cardiopulmonary disorder or immunodeficiency. Approximately 80% of cases occur in the first year of life. By two years of age, virtually all children have been infected by at least one strain of the virus. Classically, respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis manifests as cough, wheezing and respiratory distress. The mainstay of treatment is supportive care, consisting of adequate fluid intake, antipyretics to control fever and use of supplemental oxygen if necessary. Frequent and meticulous hand-washing is the best measure to prevent secondary spread. Treatment of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis beyond supportive care should be individualized. Palivizumab has been shown to be effective in preventing severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in high-risk children when given prophylactically. In the majority of cases, the disease is usually self-limited. The mortality rate is <1% and occurs predominantly in children at high risk for severe disease.
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PMID:Respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. 1639 64