Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nedocromil sodium (4 mg b.d. or q.i.d.) was added to the therapy of 76 chronic asthmatic patients in a four-centre, double-blind cross-over, placebo-controlled trial. Patients had troublesome symptoms uncontrolled by high doses of inhaled corticosteroids (mean 1450 micrograms). In 54 patients who completed the study, nedocromil sodium was significantly more efficacious than placebo (P < 0.01) in relieving morning chest-tightness and cough, in reducing total diary card score and nocturnal bronchodilator usage, and in increasing morning and evening peak flow. Asthma severity at clinic visits decreased significantly (P = 0.001) following treatment with nedocromil sodium, which was globally rated more effective than placebo (P < 0.01). Treatment differences favored q.i.d. over b.d. dosage but without statistical significance. There were no serious adverse effects. Although the pulmonary function changes were small, these findings suggest that the addition of nedocromil sodium may benefit asthmatic patients who are inadequately controlled by high doses of inhaled corticosteroids.
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PMID:Comparison of nedocromil sodium at two dosage frequencies with placebo in the management of chronic asthma. 838 72

In anaesthetized dogs exposed to SO2, nedocromil sodium prevented the increase in bronchial responsiveness to histamine challenge and suppressed the cellular changes taking place in the lung. In conscious dogs challenged with citric acid, by inhalation, nedocromil sodium prolonged the time to onset of coughing and had an inhibitory effect on the total number of coughs in each episode. Nedocromil sodium has been observed to stimulate bronchial C fibers, and it is suggested that this activity may relate to the antitussive effect of the compound.
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PMID:Effect of nedocromil sodium on SO2-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and citric acid-induced cough in dogs. 254 97

In a 12-week double-blind, group comparative trial, preceded by a 2-week baseline period, 38 asthmatic subjects of mixed aetiology and varying severity received either 4 mg nedocromil sodium by metered dose inhaler twice a day or a matching placebo preparation, in addition to their existing maintenance therapy of inhaled corticosteroids plus inhaled bronchodilators. Asthma severity and lung function were assessed at 4-weekly clinic visits, and symptomatology (morning tightness, daytime asthma, cough, night-time asthma), morning, afternoon and evening PEFR, and the use of inhaled bronchodilators were recorded on daily diary cards. Treatment with nedocromil sodium led to significant (P less than 0.05) improvements in clinic assessment of FEV1 and PEFR both before and after an inhaled bronchodilator from at least the eighth week onwards. Mid-study FVC was also significantly (P less than 0.05) improved. Daily PEFR increased throughout the study in the nedocromil sodium-treated subjects and the diurnal variation was reduced. Daily symptom severity was also reduced and these improvements occurred despite the similar or slightly reduced use of inhaled bronchodilators. However, none of these improvements in diary card parameters reached statistical significance. By the final week of the study subjects treated with nedocromil sodium predominantly had a mild form of asthma or no symptoms at all, and both patients and clinicians reported the effectiveness of nedocromil sodium; the subjects but not the clinicians finding it significantly more effective (P less than 0.05) than placebo. Nedocromil sodium was well tolerated although one patient was withdrawn owing to a persistent sore throat after 7 weeks of treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Effects of adding nedocromil sodium (Tilade) to the routine therapy of patients with bronchial asthma. 255 69

131 asthmatics aged 12-65 years, who still had symptoms despite inhaled or oral bronchodilators, were included in this double-blind group comparative study involving nedocromil sodium (2 puffs of 2 mg each twice daily) and placebo (2 puffs twice daily). The study was carried out at 8 centers over six weeks. Under nedocromil sodium, cough, dyspnea and severity of attacks were reduced significantly. Overall patient assessment also clearly favoured the active substance. Nedocromil sodium was also superior to placebo in terms of the improvement of lung function (FEV1, FVC and PEFR). 26 patients complained of unusual symptoms (12 under nedocromil sodium, 14 under placebo). Nedocromil sodium proved to be an effective, safe and well-tolerated drug in the antiinflammatory long-term treatment of reversible obstructive airways disease.
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PMID:[Nedocromil sodium therapy in asthma patients. Therapeutic effect in addition to treatment with oral theophylline and inhaled bronchodilator agents]. 255 74

The effect of nedocromil sodium on the main sensory nerve types in the dog lung has been studied. Nedocromil sodium (0.1, 1.0 and 10 mg/kg i.v.) did not stimulate or inhibit the discharge pattern of pulmonary stretch receptors, rapidly adapting irritant receptors or pulmonary C-fibre endings. Nedocromil sodium 5 micrograms/kg given into the aortic arch did, however, stimulate bronchial C-fibre endings. These endings were also stimulated when the drug was given by aerosol. The possibility that nedocromil sodium suppresses cough in the dog by stimulation of bronchial C-fibre endings is discussed.
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PMID:Nedocromil sodium and sensory nerves in the dog lung. 256 74

1. The effects of nedocromil sodium, sodium cromoglycate and codeine phosphate on citric acid-induced cough have been studied in conscious tracheostomised dogs. 2. Nedocromil sodium (approximately 15 mg given as an aerosol) and codeine phosphate (5 mg kg-1, i.v.) significantly increased the time to the first cough when dogs were challenged with citric acid aerosol. The mean number of coughs in the initial period of coughing fell after treatment of dogs with nedocromil sodium or with codeine phosphate, but this reduction in mean cough number was not statistically significant. 3. Neither sodium cromoglycate (approximately 15 mg given as an aerosol) nor saline had significant effect on a citric acid challenge. 4. It is concluded that nedocromil sodium, but not sodium cromoglycate, possesses an anti-tussive action that may result from inhibition of sensory nerve activity in the lung. Nedocromil sodium may prove useful in the treatment of unproductive cough in situations where the use of a centrally-acting antitussive is undesirable.
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PMID:The effect of nedocromil sodium, sodium cromoglycate and codeine phosphate on citric acid-induced cough in dogs. 283 11

The safety, acceptability and efficacy of nedocromil sodium, given by metered dose inhaler at a dosage of 4 mg four times daily, were investigated in a 52-week open assessment study of 79 perennial bronchial asthmatic patients maintained on oral bronchodilator therapy. Extensive laboratory monitoring of renal, hepatic and haematological functions before, during and at the end of the study failed to provide any evidence of drug-induced toxic effects. Nedocromil sodium was well tolerated with no serious adverse effects reported. Nineteen patients were withdrawn from the study, two complaining of sore throats and one of severe cough after nearly 1 year of treatment. The remainder were withdrawn because of intolerance to theophylline (one patient), non-cooperation (three), relocation outside the trial area (seven), onset of uncontrolled asthma (two) and pregnancy (three patients). Although this was an open assessment study, analysis of the diary card measurements and clinic assessments indicated that nedocromil sodium is an effective long-term therapy in the maintenance treatment of bronchial asthma.
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PMID:The acceptability, safety and efficacy of nedocromil sodium in long-term clinical use in patients with perennial asthma. 284 34

Fifty-one patients (22 male, 29 female) aged 22-60 years (mean age 41.2 years), predominantly extrinsic asthmatics, took part in this study, a follow-up to a 28-day, double-blind trial (Lal et al., Thorax 1984: 39: 809). Forty-four patients completed 12 months of treatment after a 4-week baseline; seven withdrew. A number of symptoms (e.g. coughing, wheezing, sore throat) were reported but none appeared particularly frequently; most were attributable to the technique of inhalation. After 4 weeks of treatment with nedocromil sodium (Tilade 4 mg q.i.d.), patients were encouraged to reduce use of inhaled corticosteroids (48 patients) and sodium cromoglycate (16). Inhaled bronchodilators were to be used as required and other medication was to continue as before. At the end of the study, 28 patients had stopped using inhaled steroids and 10 had significantly reduced the dosage (p less than 0.001, week 5 to end). Ten patients had stopped using sodium cromoglycate. Inhaled bronchodilator use was significantly reduced (p less than 0.001, weeks 1-8; p less than 0.05, weeks 9-12) early in the study but returned to baseline as inhaled steroid usage was reduced. Diary card assessments of wheezing and shortness of breath showed significant improvement, particularly in the early part of the study. Diary card PEFRs showed no marked changes but significant decreases, though small, were found in FEV1, FVC and PEFR on clinic visits. Clinical assessment showed improvement in the first half of the study; the differences were less marked as inhaled steroid usage declined. Final opinions of treatment effectiveness significantly favoured nedocromil sodium. This study demonstrates the acceptability, tolerability and safety of nedocromil sodium.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:An open assessment study of the acceptability, tolerability and safety of nedocromil sodium in long-term clinical use in patients with perennial asthma. 302 87

Nedocromil sodium is a non-steroidal prophylactic agent for the management of asthma. We assessed the effect of inhaled of nedocromil sodium 8 mg/24 h in a double blind, placebo controlled study in 14 patients suffering from seasonal (grass-pollen) asthma. Symptom scores for dyspnoe, cough, rhinitis and airway responsiveness to histamine (PC20H) according to Cockcroft et al were estimated before the grass-pollen season and at the end of 14-day placebo treatment and 21-day nedocromil sodium treatment. During placebo period the significant decrease in PC20H from 1.81 mg/ml to 0.54 mg/ml (p < 0.01) was observed. Nedocromil sodium did not have the effect on nonspecific bronchial responsiveness, PC20 - 0.74 mg/ml (p = 0.25). Subjective global assessment scores were significantly better with nedocromil sodium (31.15 mean 2.23) than with placebo (10.5 mean 0.7) p < 0.05.
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PMID:[Effect of nedocromil sodium on clinical course and histamine airway responsiveness in patients with pollen induced bronchial asthma]. 764 32

Inhaled nedocromil sodium was administered 4 times a day for 8 weeks to 34 patients (20 males and 14 females) with mild to moderate allergic asthma to grass pollen. The study was conducted during the pollen season and patients were allowed extra medication only with beta 2 adrenergic drugs. On a diary card patients had to report daily variation of peak expiratory flow rate, severity and number of asthma attacks, severity of cough and use of bronchodilators. At the end of the study we observed a statistically significant improvement of all the parameters considered. No side effects were reported. Nedocromil sodium is therefore a useful and safe drug for the treatment of mild and moderate allergic asthma.
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PMID:[The efficacy of nedocromil sodium in light or moderate allergic bronchial asthma]. 781 68


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