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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The prognostic features of the disease are summed up. The leading symptom of the disease is the dyspnoe followed by a dry hacking cough, loss of weight and fever. Clinically we find rales, cyanosis clubbing and signs of right heart insufficiency. Lung function data point to a decreased vital capacity and diffusing capacity; residual volume and functional residual capacity are about normal. Corticosteroid monotherapy is not an efficient treatment. The combination of prednisolon + azathioprine improves vital capacity but not working capacity. Prednisolone and d-penicillamine improve all parameters including working capacity. This can be enhanced by still adding azathioprine or cyclophosphamide to prednisolone and d-penicillamine.
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PMID:[Idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis]. 91 41

A 21-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of high fever, cough, and headache. Other clinical manifestations included hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, leukopenia, and mild liver dysfunction. As she had been diagnosed to have systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) previously, we first suspected that this disease had become exacerbated. However, the titers of anti-EB virus (VCA-IgG) and some other viruses were high on admission, and hemophagocytosis by macrophages was observed on bone marrow examination. Therefore, she was diagnosed to have virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS). Prednisolone therapy was then initiated, but the patient responded poorly. We next tried gamma globulin, and the clinical findings and laboratory data were improved. Our patient showed a very favourable clinical course following gamma globulin therapy, suggesting that steroid and gamma globulin should be considered as a treatment even in the early stages of this syndrome in adults.
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PMID:[Steroid and gamma globulin therapy against virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome]. 127 36

A 67-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of fever, dry cough, and exertional dyspnea. The findings of chest X-ray, transbronchial lung biopsy, and bronchoalveolar lavage were compatible with the diagnosis of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. Prednisolone was administered and she felt better for a while. However, she developed severe dyspnea, and marked diffuse infiltrative shadows were observed on chest X-ray after 3 months of steroid therapy. In spite of pulse therapy with methylprednisolone, she died of severe respiratory failure. Complement fixation test and IgG antibody enzyme immunoassay for cytomegalovirus were positive, but there was no change the titers between admission and death. IgM antibody was negative. The lung findings at autopsy compatible with usual interstitial pneumonia and diffuse alveolar damage, moreover, cytomegalovirus infection was observed. We consider that recurrent cytomegalovirus pneumonia had been present due to secondary immunodeficiency caused by administration of steroid hormones.
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PMID:[A case of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia with cytomegalovirus infection]. 132 4

The clinical data of 52 patients with tuberculous pleural effusion were analyzed. Their average age was 48 years old. Thirty two (62%) of them were sick for less than one week. Fever, chest pain and cough were the predominant pictures. Six of the 52 patients had coexisting disease. Intermediate strength protein purified derivative (PPD) test was found to be positive in 14 out of 31 (45%) patients. Their pleural effusions were usually unilateral, right-sided, and nearly half of them occupied more than half of the hemithorax. One third of these patients and concomitant pulmonary tuberculosis and pleural effusion. None of the patients had grossly bloody effusion. All of the effusions were exudative, and the glucose levels in the pleural fluid were invariably above 60 mg/dl. Presence of mesothelial cells in the pleural fluid was found in 28% of them, but none of the patients presented with significant eosinophils in the pleural fluid. Pleural fluid and sputum cultures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis usually reveal a negative study unless a concomitant pulmonary lesion was present. Combined antituberculosis and prednisolone treatment decreased the duration of constitutional symptoms and hastened the resolution of pleural effusion. In conclusion, tuberculous pleural effusion should be considered in elderly patients presenting with massive exudative pleural effusion even with a negative PPD study. Cultures of sputum and pleural fluid are less helpful in patients without parenchymal disease. Prednisolone is recommended in extremely ill patients.
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PMID:The clinical manifestations of the tuberculous pleural effusion in adult patients. 280 70

A case of carcinoid syndrome is presented. Pulmonary adenosquamous carcinoma with hepatic metastasis was found in a 60-year-old Japanese male who was complaining of fever, cough and haemosputum. After the treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) over 2 years, he was diagnosed as carcinoid syndrome on the appearance of facial flushing, face edema and watery diarrhea accompanied by high levels of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) in blood and urine. Prednisolone, which was initially effective, was replaced by SMS201-995 due to the considerable dose increase of the former because its effect became insufficient during the course of the treatment. Clinical symptoms were improved by SMS201-995 and blood 5-HIAA level decreased gradually but markedly. Thus better results were obtained by SMS201-995 compared with prednisolone. These results imply that SMS201-995 is appreciated as an effective drug for treatment of carcinoid syndrome.
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PMID:Successful treatment with a long-acting somatostatin analogue (SMS201-995) in a patient with malignant carcinoid syndrome. 319 61

Feline asthma syndrome (FAS) is a clinical condition characterised by recurrent bouts of coughing, wheezing and, or, dyspnoea. While the aetiology is unproven, the condition is believed to involve a type I immediate hypersensitivity reaction to inhaled allergens. In this paper the clinical data from 29 cats, where a diagnosis of FAS was made, are assessed retrospectively. The most common clinical presentation was recurrent bouts of coughing (n = 26) and dyspnoea (n = 21). Radiographic changes were noted in 24 cats, which included increased bronchial (n = 5), interstitial (n = 7) and mixed (n = 12) (bronchial and interstitial) patterns. Right middle lung lobe collapse was noted in two cats. Abnormal bronchial cytology was present in 16 cats. A predominant eosinophilic sample was collected in only three cats. There were minimal changes in differential white cell counts, and mild eosinophilia was found in only five cats. Prednisolone alone was the most effective therapy, although avoidance of putative aeroallergens and antibacterial therapy was effective in some. On the basis of the data from these cases it would appear that the diagnosis of FAS depends largely on the clinical presentation and radiographic findings. The value of ancillary tests in the diagnosis of FAS appears to be limited.
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PMID:Feline asthma syndrome: a retrospective study of the clinical presentation in 29 cats. 858 22

A 64-year-old women presented with a dry cough. The common cold was diagnosed and she was given medication, but the symptom did not resolve. She came to our hospital, and multiple patchy shadows were seen on a chest X-ray film. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid contained an abnormally high percentage of eosinophils. Microscopic examination of transbronchial lung biopsy specimens showed infiltration of eosinophils into the alveoli and alveolar septa. Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia was diagnosed. Analysis of bone marrow cells showed high percentages of mature eosinophilic cells, and blood serum had a high concentration of eosinophil cationic protein. An inhalation challenge test with methacholine revealed bronchial hypersensitivity and hyperresponsiveness. Prednisolone (30 mg/day) was given and the symptoms resolved. After steroid treatment, the patient was asymptomatic, although airway hyperresponsiveness remained. The concentration of eosinophil cationic protein in serum and the results of the methacholine inhalation test reflected the degree of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, and the production of eosinophils in bone marrow was suppressed by steroid medication.
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PMID:[Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia involving eosinophil cationic protein and bone marrow cells]. 895 6

A 35-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of severe coughing and right-sided chest pain. She had worked on a farm for 13 years. For the preceding 2 years, she noticed a productive cough, a mild fever, and dyspnea after working in a barn for longer than 6 hours. Chest radiological examinations revealed low lung volumes, especially in the right upper lobe, and diffuse small granular shadows in both lung fields. Pathological examinations of lung specimens, which were obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy, showed alveolitis and granulomas in the interstitium. Micropolyspora faeni organisms were detected in hay from the barn. A M. faeni serum precipitation test revealed that her serum had antibodies against that organism. From these findings, we gave her a diagnosis of chronic farmer's lung. Prednisolone was given because her dyspnea and hypoxemia had increased. During the steroid treatment, bilateral pneumothorax and mediastinal emphysema developed. Bullae were removed surgically because she did not respond well to medical treatment. Although steroid administration may have caused these complications, bilateral pneumothorax and mediastinal emphysema are rare in patients with chronic farmer's lung.
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PMID:[Farmer's lung complicated by bilateral pneumothorax and mediastinal emphysema]. 929 99

We report a case of drug-induced pneumonitis caused by acetaminophen taken for headache. The patient was a 49-year-old woman who had been taking a common cold drug (Benza BlockSP) containing acetaminophen and an anti-gastritis drug for headache. Seven days after she began taking acetaminophen, fever, dry cough, and dyspnea developed. The patient was admitted to our hospital on December 6,1996. Chest X-ray films and computed tomography scans revealed ground-glass and reticulonodular opacities. All chemotherapy was discontinued under a presumptive diagnosis of drug-induced pneumonitis. Transbronchial lung biopsy specimens revealed infiltration of lymphocytes and eosinophils into the alveolar walls and interstitum, with granulomotous lesions and macrophages in the alveolar spaces. The patient's chest X-ray findings improved and her symptoms subsided after the medications were stopped. However, she was given oral prednisolone (30 mg/day) because shadows were still evident on chest X-ray films. Prednisolone was effective in removing those shadows. A lymphocyte stimulation test was positive for acetaminophen. Based on the above findings, acetaminophen-induced pneumonitis was diagnosed. To our knowledge, acetaminophen-induced pneumonitis is rare. However, when drug-induced pneumonitis is suspended, common cold drugs containing acetaminophen should be kept in mind.
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PMID:[Acetaminophen-induced pneumonitis]. 991 83

This paper describes the clinical features, and diagnostic findings of a chronic respiratory condition in 29 West Highland white terriers. Typically, the dogs were coughing chronically, had dyspnoea and tachypnoea of varying severity, and had deteriorated progressively over months to years. The mean (sem) survival time in months from the clinical signs being first noted by the owners was 17.9 (2.3). Most cases had a combination of respiratory signs, but coughing was the predominant sign in 18 cases. Inspiratory crackles were audible on chest auscultation in 28 cases, 10 of which were also wheezing. Rhonchi were the predominant sound in the remaining case. The main radiographic changes were mild to severe increased Interstitial markings in all cases, with additional bronchial markings in 14 of the dogs. Right-sided cardiomegaly (cor pulmonale) was recorded in 15. Bronchoscopic findings in 17 of the dogs were either normal or involved a mild airway mucoid reaction in eight. Chronic mucosal changes were observed in eight, but in two this finding was equivocal. Dynamic changes to the lumen of the airway were present in seven cases. No significant haematological or biochemical changes could be detected in 20 cases, but four cases were hypercholestrolaemic. A histopathological assessment of four cases revealed alveolar septal fibrosis to be the predominant change. Prednisolone, with or without bronchodilators, was the most commonly used therapy, and the response was variable. The condition appears to be associated with significant pulmonary interstitial fibrosis of unknown aetiology and has clinical similarities to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis) in human beings.
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PMID:Chronic pulmonary disease in West Highland white terriers. 1039 Aug 1


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