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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe six cases of acute silicosis which were characterised by an intense exposure to pure silica; there was a rapid onset with diffuse abnormalities on the radiological image and severe respiratory abnormalities. The duration of occupational exposure to silica was four to eighteen years. Three patients presented with a cough associated with disabling dyspnoea (stage III and IV). The physical examination showed finger clubbing in three patients and rales and crepitations on auscultation in two patients. There was general debility in four of the cases with weight loss. The chest x-ray showed a rapid progress with confluence of the diffuse nodular opacities. Respiratory function tests showed a restrictive ventilatory defect (mean +/- standard error of mean: TLC 67 +/- 5%, Vital Capacity +/- 7%, FEV1 63.5 +/- 6%) and alteration in the transfer factor for carbon monoxide (DLCO: 49.5 +/- 5%). The initial broncho-alveolar lavage showed a lymphocytosis (23.6 +/- 4.2%) associated with an alveolar neutrophilia (7 +/- 2.5%). A lung biopsy was carried out in three patients and a transbronchial biopsy in one patient confirming the diagnosis of silicosis in three cases and of silicoproteinosis in one case. After a period of eighteen months to 14 years, four patients died either due to cardiopulmonary complications of their disease (two cases) or to intercurrent disorders (two cases). The last two patients are currently stable.
Rev Mal Respir 1998 Sep
PMID:[Acute silicosis. Clinical, radiologic, functional, and cytologic characteristics of the broncho-alveolar fluids. Observations of 6 cases]. 980 64

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is an opportunistic infection occurring in a background of severe immune depression. The majority of cases occur in patients who have malignant hematologic disease, particularly during chemotherapy induction or consolidations phases for acute non-lymphocytic leukemia. The principal risk factors are profound (PN < 500 per mm3) and prolonged (very high risk beyond 20 days) neutropenia, perturbed phagocyte function and cellular immune deficiency (AIDS, immunosuppressive treatment in organ and bone marrow recipients). Clinically, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis presents as acute non-specific pneumonia with cough, chest pain and fever. The severe infection rapidly becomes life-threatening. The development of massive hemoptysis is a major risk. We report four cases of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients who had hemoptysis. All four patients developed non-specific pneumonia resistant to broad-spectrum antibiotics during post-chemotherapy aplasia. Computed tomography of the thorax and bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage was performed due to the occurrence of hemoptysis. In the first two cases, the patients were recovering from aplasia. The thoracic CT scan showed evidence of a cavitating mass with peripheral vessels. Bronchoscopy findings suggested mucosal lesions. The patients were managed surgically. Pathology confirmed the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis with the presence of ischemic necrosis of the pulmonary parenchyma harboring numerous aspergillus filaments. Outcome was favorable and chemotherapy was re-initiated in one case. These two patient died from their hematological disease a few months later. The other two patients remained in aplasia. A CT of the thorax showed multifocal infiltration with vascular contact. Bronchoscopy was again suggestive. One patient developed massive hemoptysis with respiratory distress. Embolization was performed but the patient died two days after onset of hemoptysis. In the last case, embolization was successful and outcome was favorable enabling a bone marrow allograft; the patient died a few months later from the hematological disease. The potential gravity of hemoptysis in the course of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis should lead to early treatment with emergency CT scan and, if possible, bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage to establish the therapeutic strategy based on surgical excision or embolization of the pulmonary or bronchial arteries.
Rev Mal Respir 1998 Dec
PMID:[Management of hemoptysis in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis]. 992 34

Timolol maleate is a beta-blocker widely used in topical administration for open angle glaucoma. We report a case of interstitial pneumopathy which developed in a 58-year-old patient who was given timolol eyedrops (2 drops b.i.d. since 1986). The patient presented with cough and dyspnea and was found to have a restrictive disorder leading to hypoxemia (68 mmHg at rest and 51 mmHg during exercise). Bronchial lavage fluid had high lymphocyte (28%) and neutrophil (7%) counts. Transbronchial biopsies demonstrated moderate fibrous thickening of the interalveolar walls. Timolol eyedrops were stopped. Three months later, the patient was asymptomatic with normal lung function, chest x-ray and thoracic CT-scan.
Rev Mal Respir 1999 Feb
PMID:[Interstitial lung disease induced by timolol eye solution]. 1009 Dec 66

Nine hundred and twenty-two hypertensive patients were included in a substudy to the hypertension optimal (HOT) study which aimed to investigate the impact on quality of life of lowering the pressure and of intensified therapy. Patients were randomised to three diastolic BPs (DBPs) levels, i.e. < or = 90 mmHg, < or = 85 mmHg and < or = 80 mmHg. Seven hundred and eighty one patients completed both baseline and follow-up questionnaires after 6 months (intention to treat, ITT, population), while 610 patients were included in a per protocol (PP) analysis. The lower the DBP achieved, the greater the improvement in well-being (p < 0.05). The increase in well-being from baseline to 6 months was significant in target groups < or = 80 mmHg (p < 0.01) and < or = 85 mmHg (p < 0.05). Cardiac symptoms and dizziness improved in all groups but the sex life score deteriorated in the < or = 80 and < or = 85 mmHg groups in male patients. Headaches were reduced in all groups (p < 0.001), while swollen ankles (p < 0.001), and dry cough in the < or = 80 mmHg group (p < 0.001) increased. Despite a slight increase in subjective symptoms, more intensive antihypertensive therapy was still associated with improvements in patients' well-being.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1999 Aug
PMID:[What is the effect of lowering the arterial blood pressure on the quality of life? An auxiliary study to the HOT (Hypertension Optimal Treatment) trial]. 1048 69

The clinical efficacy of vectrine (erdosteine) was evaluated in the treatment of chronic bronchitis patients with hypersecretion during a controlled clinical trial having included 170 patients. For inclusion, the bronchitis patients had to be in a stable status (no exacerbation since at least three months). The patients received, in double-blind protocol, vectrine, one capsule b.i.d. or placebo, one similar capsule b.i.d. during a period treatment of 21 days. The results of the main evaluation criteria, the global index of efficacy (frequency of the cough + severity of the cough + difficulty in breathing + dyspnea) but also on the intensity and frequency of the cough were statistically significant in favor of vectrine. The safety of the treatment was excellent.
Rev Mal Respir 1999 Sep
PMID:[Multicenter, controlled, double-blind study of the efficacy and tolerance of Vectrine (erdostein) versus placebo in the treatment of stabilized chronic bronchitis with hypersecretion]. 1054 62

Cough is a reflex phenomenon occurring when sensitive receptors located in the larynx and upper airways are activated. These receptors generate information which reaches the central nervous system. The central organization of the cough reflex loop is poorly understood. The afferent pathways originate in receptors situated under and between airway epithelial cells. Most are rapidly adapting receptors (RAR) linked to myelinized fibers of the vagus nerve which can be directly stimulated by cough-inducing agents. Other receptors generate information carried by non-myelinized C fibers. When activated, these receptors release neuropeptides leading to neurogenic inflammation which can also activate RARs. The threshold of the cough reflex and its expression thus depends on a complex interaction between RARs and C fiber receptors with peripheral and central components. A better understanding of the mechanisms triggering cough and its control would be most useful for optimal management of patients with cough problems.
Rev Mal Respir 2000 Feb
PMID:[Physiology of cough]. 1075 53

Our study proposes to evaluate the prevalence of clinical respiratory symptoms, spirometric abnormalities and allergy skin test sensitivities in two groups: on exposed to grain dust in a big traditional grain market in Casablanca and the other unexposed. The inquiry which concerned 277 exposed workers and 230 non exposed consisted of a questionnaire, spirometric examinations and skin prick testings. Exposed and no exposed groups are statically similar as far as physical data (sex, age, weight, heignt) and smoking habits. The atopy was found among 18% of the exposed. The prevalence of clinical respiratory symptomatology among exposed is 64.3% against 24.8% among non exposed. Respiratory symptoms (cough, expectoration), rhinitis, asthma, conjonctivitis, dermatitis, chronic bronchitis were significantly more frequent in those exposed than in the non exposed. Smoking is at the origin of additional morbidity. Atopy seems to be a potentiating factor as all the atopic people exposed are symptomatic. Respiratory function was altered in 37.1% of those exposed versus 12.8% of those no exposed. Among exposed workers with decline of lung function parameters 68.9% have only light anomalies. Tabacco interferes significantly in the alteration of respiratory function parameters. Work exposure to grain associated with smoking resulted in a reduction in respiratory function values. In grain workers, the prevalence of allergy skin test sensitivities of occupational allergens is 30.3% versus 6.9% among those no exposed. The enquiry in the workplace shows complete absence of means of protection for the work force and elevated levels of dust. It is imperative to implement an occupational health service and to develop means for collective and individual prevention to maximally reduce the risk.
Rev Mal Respir 2000 Nov
PMID:[Prevalence of respiratory systems and evaluation of sensitization levels in traditional grain market workers in Casablanca]. 1113 73

We report a case of acute pneumonitis with pleural effusion and respiratory distress syndrome that was the inaugural sign of leptospirosis in a 37-year-old patient exposed to rat dejections at home. The patient was given penicillin and oxygen therapy with evacuation of the pleural effusion. Lung manifestations in leptospirosis usually occur as non-specific cough and hemoptysis. Pleural effusion is uncommon. Adult respiratory distress syndrome and profuse hemoptysis can also occur, requiring special care.
Rev Mal Respir 2000 Nov
PMID:[Acute pleuro-pneumonitis resulting from leptospirosis]. 1113 76

We report two cases of localized benign pleural mesothelioma with different clinical features. Neuropsychiatric symptoms, including coma, hemiplegia, seizures and misbehavior predominated in the first case, associated with hypoglycemia. The symptoms in the second case were essentially respiratory (cough, dyspnea, and chest pain). Treatment consisted in thoracotomy and complete surgical resection. Histopathology revealed fusiform cells and collagen stroma. These two cases illustrate the diversity of clinical expression of benign localized pleural mesothelioma and confirm their complete resolution after surgical treatment.
Rev Mal Respir 2001 Jun
PMID:[Localized benign pleural mesothelioma observed at the Dakar University Hospital]. 1146 93

We report a new case of diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis in a 22 year-old man with a dysmorphic syndrome. The disease started with dyspnea which became rapidly disabling. The diagnosis was established from a pulmonary biopsy. Our patient developed severe chronic respiratory failure. Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis is a very uncommon disease. It is seen predominantly in children, exceptionally in adults, and affects both sexes equally. Symptoms like dyspnea and cough, pulmonary function with restrictive pattern, and interstitial syndrome, are not specific. Only pathology is evocative, characterized primarily by multifocal proliferation of pulmonary lymphatic vessels and increased number of complex anastomosing channels. These channels tend to dilate with time. The prognosis is poor and the treatment essentially palliative.
Rev Mal Respir 2001 Sep
PMID:[Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis in a young adult]. 1154 54


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