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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recent studies have shown that normal bronchial secretion composed of proteoglycans, atypical glycoproteins and neutral lipids neither includes mucins nor glycolipids, nor phospholipids. The rheological characteristics of bronchial mucus thus depend on mucociliary clearance and clearance of bronchial secretions by cough, which in turn depend on the properties of the glycoprotein acids secreted and on the degree of their entanglement which is linked to their water content and on the chemical bonds with other protein or lipid components which are present in the secretions. Chronic bronchitis, asthma and bronchorrhoea allow for changes in the biochemical composition and the physical and rheological characteristics of the bronchial mucus which alter the clearance. In certain conditions mucus plugs can form. An understanding of the pathology of bronchial mucus in the adult enables one to choose the best therapeutic prescriptions but the efficacy of measurements available remains imperfect.
Rev Mal Respir 1989
PMID:[Anomalies of mucus and bronchial pathology in adults]. 269 Feb 13

We report a case of spontaneous mediastinal haematoma. This unusual clinical entity, though uncommon, must be considered in any patient presenting with the typical triad of symptoms of acute superior mediastinal compression, widening of the superior mediastinum on chest radiographs, bruises on the neck appearing within 48 hours of exertion, sneezing, coughing or vomiting. The signs observed with computed tomography in mediastinal haemorrhage are described. The exact source of the haemorrhage remains unknown despite careful radiological investigation and thoracotomy.
Rev Mal Respir 1989
PMID:[Spontaneous hematoma of the mediastinum]. 279 48

The object of this work was to study the relationship between chronic cough in adolescence, and chronic symptoms and airflow obstruction in adults. The data were collected between 1982 and 1984 from 1807 men and women living in Bordeaux (France) and its surrounds. A self administered questionnaire was used which focused on current respiratory symptoms and respiratory symptoms during adolescence. Spirometric curves (FVC, FEV1 and FEF 25-75) were measured. The population was evenly split between men (mean age 40.1) and women (mean age 38.6). Most subjects were French; more than half were non smokers; all socioprofessional categories were represented except farmers, craftsmen and merchants. The proportion of subjects with current respiratory symptoms was 2 to 10 times higher amongst subjects with respiratory symptoms during their adolescence than in those who had none. The relationships were highly significant and remained so after adjustments for the confounding factors following: sex, age, nationality, socio-economic status, smoking habits, occupational exposure and previous occupational disease. Mean spirometric values were higher amongst subjects without chronic cough during their adolescence than those who had cough. Differences were significant for FVC, FEV1, FEF 25-75 in women and were on the borderline for FEF 25-75 in men. This study showed that respiratory conditions in adolescence represent an important risk factor for chronic symptoms and airflow obstruction in adult life.
Rev Mal Respir 1989
PMID:[Chronic cough in adolescents and respiratory symptoms in adults]. 292 84

The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of contrast echocardiography in the diagnosis of permanent (atrial septal defects, ASD) and transient (patent foramen ovale, PFO) interatrial communications under basal conditions, after Valsalva manoeuvres and coughing. Sixty-four patients suspected of having defects of the interatrial septum were studied. The results of echocardiography were compared with those of cardiac catheterisation, the classical method of reference. The sensitivity of contrast echocardiography was significantly improved in the diagnosis of PFO by the cough test (100%) compared with contrast echocardiography during spontaneous respiration (55%). Similarly, the cough test increased the sensitivity of contrast echocardiography in the diagnosis of ASD (96% compared to 83%). The specificity was good in both cases, about 90%. The cough test was a better method (98%) than Valsalva manoeuvres (59%) for the potentiation of interatrial right-to-left shunts. The results of echocardiography and catheterisation explain the mechanism of the right-to-left shunt during spontaneous respiration, Valsalva manoeuvres and coughing. The passage of the microbubbles from the right to the left atrium occurs during early systole when the atrioventricular valves are closed. The right-to-left shunt is potentiated by provocative manoeuvres. The demonstration of a right-to-left shunt by contrast echocardiography therefore indicates the presence of an interatrial communication; our results show that this non-invasive technique is a reliable method of diagnosing ASD and PFO.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1986 Feb
PMID:[Diagnosis of atrial septal defects by contrast echocardiography with sensitivity increased by coughing]. 308 20

The authors record a case of semi-delayed hypersensitivity to sausage dust in an employee of a wholesale pork butcher and curing business. The symptoms combined cough and fever with rigors; there were no clinical or laboratory data to suggest alveolar disease. The immunoallergic "work-up" suggested a precipitin mediated disease with notably 10-14 precipitation arcs to the products of sausage sweepings. A microbiological analysis of the flora of the sausages, as well as an extensive search for precipitins and cutaneous tests have not enabled us to confirm the antigen responsible with certainty.
Rev Mal Respir 1988
PMID:[A case of semi-delayed hypersensitivity to dry sausage dust]. 321 95

Cough is a well recognised though undesirable side effect during the course of treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (IEC). With the help of two examples we have tried to show that this cough does not have an immunological origin but rather pharmacological. Cough was suppressed by non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Stemming from these observations and from two studies in the literature a patho-physiological mechanism for the cough is proposed in which treatment with IEC leads to a connection with prostaglandins, notably bronchial PGE2.
Rev Mal Respir 1988
PMID:[Cough provoked by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents]. 321 98

The definition of asthma brings with it the idea of inflammation, as bronchial obstruction, which characterises it, is associated with bronchospasm, hypersecretion and oedema. In the asthmatic, awareness of the bronchial inflammation at the time of diagnosis is essential, as it contributes to prognosis and therapeutic orientation. The diagnosis of bronchial inflammation begins with the clinical assessment, such as cough, expectoration and the worsening of symptoms in the morning alerts the clinician. In the course of certain clinical forms of asthma the absence of any relief of airflow obstruction by bronchodilators, although it is proved to be reversible after a few days of glucocorticoids, is evidence of inflammation. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy extends the clinical examination and enables a direct observation of airways inflammation. In addition it allows sampling, such as bronchial biopsy and/or broncho-alveolar lavage. The mechanism of bronchial inflammation are well understood; some mastocytes (mucous) are present in the broncho-alveolar contents and are probably the origin of inflammatory reaction, whether the stimulus be allergenic or not. The mediators liberated lead in part to the bronchial obstruction but equally to cellular recruitment and thus to an amplification of the initial reaction. Probably the eosinophils play a fundamental role ar this stage. The alveolar macrophages are equally implicated in this inflammatory reaction. Bronchial inflammation appears as a result of complex cellular reactions, regulated by chemical mediators. The most obvious consequence of bronchial inflammation is the delayed bronchial reaction. The experimental model contributes to physio-pathological understanding and a characterisation of the inflammatory components is observed principally in those patients with severe asthma. Agents capable of causing or aggravating bronchial hyper-reactivity can also induce bronchial inflammation. From this observation the idea is born of a relation between the concept of bronchial hyper-reactivity and bronchial inflammation. Acquired bronchial hyper-reactivity evolves in parallel to the symptoms and its intensity is correlated with the severity of the asthma. An understanding of the inflammatory mechanisms without doubt will bring new therapeutic perspectives.
Rev Mal Respir 1987
PMID:[Inflammatory mechanisms of bronchial asthma]. 330

Busulfan or Misulban is considered by many the treatment of choice in chronic myeloid leukemia, for which it is used as a single agent. An interstitial fibrosing lung disease occurring after Busulfan was first described in 1961 and to date 56 cases have been published and are the object of this review. The clinical picture of this drug induced disease is well characterised. The disorder has an estimated incidence of 6% and begins gradually, marked by non-specific signs (dyspnoea, cough) and by an alteration in the clinical state, often severe, and is frequently accompanied by skin pigmentation. As a rule it occurs after prolonged treatment (on average 41 months, cumulative dose 2.900 mg). The respiratory function pattern is that of an interstitial fibrosis characterised by reduced volumes and hypoxaemia and hypocapnic respiratory failure. The radiology reveals interstitial and predominantly basal shadows. The histology is often obtained, either by lung biopsy or frequently at necropsy, because the prognosis is poor with an 84% mortality from respiratory failure. As for numerous interstitial pneumopathies, it poses questions as to the pathogenesis and early detection, problems which at present are imperfectly resolved.
Rev Mal Respir 1987
PMID:[Busulfan-induced pneumopathy]. 347 80

The authors report three cases of bronchiolitis obliterans occurring during treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with D-penicillamine after 4, 6 and 8 months of treatment and when the rheumatoid arthritis was in a state of remission. None of these patients (2 sero-positive and 1 sero-negative) present any past history of pulmonary or bronchial disease. The daily dosage of D-penicillamine never exceeded 600 mg. High dose corticosteroid therapy was unable to improve the clinical signs or the respiratory function tests, which were severely disturbed. After 15 months to 3 years, the respiratory signs deteriorated in 2 of the 3 patients. The onset of dyspnea and cough, in the absence of a seasonal infection, in a subject treated with D-penicillamine should raise the possibility of this very serious complication.
Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 1986 Jan
PMID:[3 cases of obliterating bronchiolitis during treatment of rheumatoid polyarthritis with D-penicillamine]. 370 8

We report a case of a 72 year old man with the appropriate criteria for the recently identified chronic cryptogenic pneumonia: dyspnoea, cough, low general state, fever, raised sedimentation rate, localised opacities on the chest x-ray; no cause has been identified; the patient will improve on steroid therapy even though antibiotics are without effect, but relapses on stopping the steroids. A lung biopsy shows a predominant intra-alveolar fibrosis. A definitive cure can be obtained by 12 weeks of steroid therapy.
Rev Mal Respir 1986
PMID:[Chronic cryptogenic pneumonia]. 380 99


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