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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Simultaneous urethrocystometry by means of a dual microtransducer catheter was performed according to a precise, standardized technique serially at 8, 16, 28, and 36 weeks of pregnancy and at 8 weeks post partum in 43 healthy nulliparous women. The urethral pressure profile at rest and the effect of stress (cough) on the urethral pressure profile during pregnancy and after delivery were measured. At each recording session, blood was obtained for determination of 17 beta-estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), and 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OH-PO). The continence parameters functional urethral length and urethral closure pressure, as well as the urethral closure pressure response to stress, did not change systematically during the course of pregnancy. Engagement of the presenting part at 36 weeks did not influence the urethral pressure profile measurements. Alterations in hormone levels during pregnancy were not correlated with the changes in urethral pressure profile measurements. Both urethral pressure and length parameters in all women who underwent vaginal delivery were notably decreased 8 weeks post partum when compared with early pregnancy values and with values obtained in a group of healthy nulliparous women in the follicular phase of the cycle. The decrease in length parameters was not observed in the six women in whom delivery was by cesarean section. The postpartum changes were not significantly correlated with the duration of the second stage of labor or with the presence or absence of an episiotomy. Also, no relationship with infant birth weight was found. Values of the urethral pressure profile parameters below the median value and defective transmission of pressure over the urethra were observed in almost all women who experienced stress incontinence during pregnancy and/or after delivery. These observations suggest that an inherent weakness of the urethral sphincter mechanism plays a key role in the pathogenesis of stress incontinence.
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PMID:The urethral pressure profile in pregnancy and after delivery in healthy nulliparous women. 689 Mar 13

Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides (large-colony type) was isolated from the lungs of a goat with pneumonia. Clinical signs included inappetence, weakness, listlessness, coughing, dyspnea, pyrexia, slight nasal discharge, and lameness. Tylosin (4 mg/kg of body weight) was administered each day for 4 days, resulting in slow recovery. Three weeks later, the clinical signs recurred and the kid was anemic. It was given a single blood transfusion and tylosin was administered daily. The kid's health status was steadily declined and it died after 6 days' treatment. At necropsy, the lungs were edematous and congested. Histopathologic findings were those of septicemia and pneumonia.
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PMID:Pneumonia in goats caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides. 700 31

An M. intracellulare, rough strain (serotype 7) has been isolated from sputum of a sixty-year old patients. This patient was a political prisoner in Germany between 1942-1945 and had contracted pulmonary tuberculosis with the cavity in the upper lobe of the right lung. A strain of mycobacterium susceptible to antituberculous drugs was isolated from his sputum in 1973. Since 1979, the isolation of M. Intracellulare has been accompanied by clinical signs of pulmonary mycobacteriosis, i.e. persistence of the cavity in spite of antituberculous treatments reapparition of cough with sputum, general weakness. Intradermo-reaction with specific sensitin gives a strong positive reaction, contrasting with a weak reaction with PPD tuberculin. As the antibiogram of the strain shows a susceptibility to cotrimoxazole and erythromycin, the patient underwent a therapy with the combination sulfamethaxozale-trimethoprime and erythromycin, for 4 months. At the end of this treatment, he seems to have recovered completely. The radiological aspect of the lungs remains unchanged. Although the source of contamination remains unknown, one thinks on the basis of bibliographica data, that it can be found in human beings, or seldom in animals (a pig, a bird) or in nature (a pond).
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PMID:[A case of pulmonary mycobacteriosis due to Mycobacterium intracellulare (author's transl)]. 704 72

Immunoblastic lymphadenopathy was diagnosed in a 71-year-old white man who had weakness, with weight loss, fever, cough, and generalized lymphadenopathy. The patient had a long occupational history of shipyard work. Diagnosis of asbestosis was made clinically by chest x-ray, and ferruginous bodies were found in the lung at autopsy. Recent reports have suggested a possible association between asbestos exposure and lymphoproliferative neoplasms. Chronic antigenic stimulation by asbestos could predispose one to the immunoproliferative disorder seen in this patient or be responsible for it. The possible significance of this relationship, previously unreported, is discussed for future consideration.
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PMID:Immunoblastic lymphadenopathy and asbestosis. 722 27

The dynamics of voluntary cough were studied in healthy supine subjects during four successive infusions of d-tubocurarine (dTc) (0.05 mg/kg) to assess the effects of progressive expiratory muscle weakness on cough performance. Curarization produced a progressive decline in maximal static expiratory muscle strength (PEmax) measured at the mouth and in pleural pressures (Ppl) generated during coughing. Expiratory flow rates during coughing did not decrease except during the initial cough from total lung capacity with the last dTc dose (18% below control). This was associated with a decrease in end-inspiratory volume prior to coughing and with a marked decrease in Ppl to 30% of control. Although the decrease in flow rates was minimal compared with Ppl, flow patterns suggest that dynamic airway compression was reduced during these coughs. We conclude that the principal effect of the expiratory muscle weakness in curarized subjects is to reduce the cough-induced dynamic compression and linear velocity of airflow though the major intrathoracic airways.
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PMID:Cough dynamics during progressive expiratory muscle weakness in healthy curarized subjects. 726 56

On the basis of more than 35 cases from literature a survey of clinical and paraclinical findings, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of the pulmonary reaction evoked by gold is given. The first symptoms mostly appear within the initial phase of the treatment, after several weeks to months. Unexpectedly increasing dyspnoea, weakness, cough and feeling of sickness in patients who are treated with gold salts are warning signals which refer to the possibility of a lung injury by gold. The differential-diagnostic demarcation from rheumatoid lung, a rare extraarticular manifestation of the rheumatoid arthritis, may render difficulties. The latter, however, usually refers to a slower progressing, is not or only incompletely able to involution and scarcely reacts to cortisonoids. The gold-conditioned pulmonary changes in most cases completely involve after a well-timed finish of the treatment with the gold-preparation. Cortisonoids are given for the acceleration of the remission. The prognosis is in general good. However, it depends on the fact, how long the gold treatment is still continued after the appearance of the pulmonary side-effect.
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PMID:[Pulmonary side effects of gold treatment]. 733 98

The author reports the observations over 190 patients referred to the Tuberculosis Institute for the present or suspected pulmonary tuberculosis of the lower lobe localization. In 47 (24.7%) of the patients the diagnosis of tuberculosis was rejected and lung cancer was diagnosed, central--in 5 of them, peripheral--in 42. Clinical manifestations in patients with tuberculosis and cancer were similar, weakness, cough, poor appetite being predominent; however, in cancer patients these were more frequently observed and more manifest with a tendency to aggravation and showing no response to tuberculostatic drugs. In 26.6% of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and in 21.3% of lung cancer patients clinical manifestations of the disease were either entirely absent or insignificantly pronounced.
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PMID:[Differential diagnosis of inferior lobe tuberculosis and malignant lung tumors]. 735 92

1624 patients who were attending primary health facilities in 4 developing countries were examined to determine how many were suffering from mental disorder. Using stringent criteria to establish the presence of psychiatric morbidity, 225 cases were found, indicating an overall frequency of 13.9%. The great majority of cases were suffering from neurotic illnesses and for most the presenting complaint was of a physical symptom, such as headache, abdominal pain, cough or weakness. The health workers following their normal procedure correctly detected one third of the psychiatric cases.
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PMID:Mental disorders in primary health care: a study of their frequency and diagnosis in four developing countries. 738 26

To determine the relationship between respiratory muscle strength and changes in normal vital capacity (VC), graded levels of muscle weakness were produced in six healthy supine male subjects by four successive doses of d-tubocurarine (0.05 mg/kg each). The maximal effect of d-tubocurarine abolished hand-grip strength and ability to sustain head lift for 5 s, but VC was decreased to only 66 +/- 3 per cent of control. At each level of weakness decreases in VC were significantly less than were decreases in respiratory muscle strength (RMS) monitored by maximum static inspiratory and expiratory pressures. The first dose decreased RMS to 86 +/- 3 per cent of control, but VC was unchanged. Following the second dose,, VC (97 +/- 4 per cent). The VC after the third dose was still 85 +/- 3 per cent of control, while RMS had decreased to 58 +- 2 per cent. Following the final dose of d-tubocurarine (cumulative total 0.20 mg/kg), RMS was 39 +/- 2 per cent of control, compared with VC, 66 +/- 3 per cent of control. The relationship between VC and RMS was curvilinear and conformed to predictions based on the static mechanical characteristics of the normal respiratory system. These findings demonstrate that while VC is relatively spared during partial curarization, this sparing of VC does not indicate a similar extent of preserved RMS. Rather, it reflects the relative ease with which weakened respiratory muscles are able to drive the normal respiratory system in the supine subject. The same weakened muscles may be unable to generate sufficient force to handle mechanical challenges such as coughing and vomiting.
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PMID:Relationship between respiratory muscle strength and vital capacity during partial curarization in awake subjects. 746 92

We report an epidemic of acute pulmonary histoplasmosis which occurred in February 1994 among a group of 24 persons after they had once or twice visited a cave in New Caledonia. This study describes the physical and laboratory findings, which lead to the diagnosis of histoplasmosis. Each test was evaluated. All members of the group had a physical examination, early and late serological tests, pulmonary X-rays (including CT) and some had mycological examination of bronchoalveolar washes. Mycological investigations were made on samples collected from the cave. Histoplasmic skin testing was not possible. We defined a case as a person who visited the cave in January 1994, had evocative radiological features and at least four symptoms among the following: weakness, fever, headache, arthralgia, thoracic pains, dyspnea, cough and nausea. Of the 24 exposed persons, 7 cases were considered as severe, 8 cases as moderate, and 6 cases as mild, for a total of 21 cases and an attack rate of 87.5%. There was no progression towards disseminated histoplasmosis and no recorded death. The incubation period lasted from 5 to 17 days. The symptoms were divided into three groups. In the first group, the symptoms of fever, headache and arthralgia were common and nonspecific. In the second group, the symptoms of chest pain, cough, and dyspnea which often occurred later, were less common and more specific. In the third group, the symptoms of vomiting, diarrhea and dizziness were less common. The chest X-ray showed abnormalities in 100% of the cases, and in 11 of the 21 cases the characteristic finding was a miliary.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Epidemic of pulmonary histoplasmosis after visiting a cave in New Caledonia]. 758 42


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