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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A questionnaire relating to smoking habits, respirator symptoms, and health attitudes was administered to 10 498 secondary schoolchildren in 1975. The results reported in this paper indicate that children who smoke regularly have a higher prevalence of upper respiratory tract infections and a higher incidence of the respiratory symptoms, cough, phlegm production with a cold, and shortness of breath, compared with non-smokers. Children are aware of the risks of lung cancer when smoking, but less aware of the other more immediate health risks, and this is particularly so in the younger age groups. It is suggested that health education should be directed towards younger children and that more use should be made of the fact that smoking clearly makes them less healthy.
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PMID:Cigarette smoking among secondary schoolchildren in 1975. Prevalence of respiratory symptoms, knowledge of health hazards, and attitudes to smoking and health. 26 90

This double-blind parallel trial evaluated the efficacy of cloprednol, a new synthetic glucocorticoid, in 40 patients with asthma. Patients kept daily records of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath and cough. Analysis of these records showed cloprednol to be statistically significantly better than placebo for the relief of these symptoms (p values ranged from less than 0.01 to less than 0.0001). Weekly physician evaluations of asthma severity, symptoms since last visit and number of asthma attacks also showed a significant drug effect in favor of cloprednol. These subjective findings were confirmed by objective pulmonary function tests (FEV1.0, FVC and PEFR). There was a statistically significant difference favoring cloprednol for all the pulmonary function measurements. Previous studies have suggested that at equipotent anti-inflammatory doses cloprednol is less suppressive of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function. Although plasma cortisol levels were not measured in this trial, none of the patients manifested clinically important side effects which required termination of their participation in the study.
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PMID:Comparative study of cloprednol versus placebo in asthma. 35 97

During the last 12 years, 30 cases of tracheopathia chondro-osteoplastica have been diagnosed at the Department of Otolaryngology of Kuopio University. Ten of these were accidentally revealed by bronchoscopy, 2 by autopsy, but 18 were revealed through a systematic examination. Ten of these 18 were preliminarily diagnosed by indirect laryngoscopy. The average age for women was 51 and for men 42, the youngest patient being 11 and the oldest 71 years of age. The characteristic symptoms were long-term recurrent cough, hoarseness and periodic expectoration. The sputum was frequently abundant and crusty, and sometimes contained streaks of blood. Shortness of breath was a common symptom, but there were often entirely asymptomatic periods. The disease begins with a persistent purulent tracheitis, which, probably owing to calciphylaxis, causes accumulation of calcium salts in the tracheal mucosa. Cartilage and bone later develop around these accumulations. In most of the cases of tracheopathia chondro-osteoplastica in the present series, the condition was associated with atrophic rhinitis or pharyngitis. As the nasal disease improves, some regression may occur, though hardly healing. Calcium and phosphorus metabolism was not disturbed, and no immunological aberrations were found in any of the patients in this series.
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PMID:Tracheopathia chondro-osteoplastica. A clinical study of thirty cases. 40 93

We have successfully treated two patients with symptomatic pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis using a high FIO2 delivered by face mask, with administration interrupted at meal times. While we advocate oxygen therapy for this disease, caution must be taken to avoid the complications of high PaO2, namely proliferative and fibrotic lung changes. Close attention should be paid to the development of increasing cough, dyspnea and shortness of breath. As the frequency of the diagnosis of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis increases, the success of high inspired oxygen as therapy should be recognized.
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PMID:Treatment of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis with high FIO2: report of two cases. 46 78

In this retrospective study of 115 cases of histoplasmids, there were 66 male and 49 female patients ranging in age from 2 months to 79 years. The most common presenting symptoms were cough, chest pain, wheezing, weight loss, hemoptysis, and shortness of breath. Thirty-five patients (30%) were asymptomatic. Two patients had manifestations of obstruction of the superior vena cava. Radiologic findings simulated carcinoma, tuberculosis, pneumonia, and viral infections. Sixty-five patients had various operative proceudres, such as lung biopsy, wedge resection, lobectomy, pneumonectomy, resection of lymph node, and bypass of superior vena cava, for diagnosis and treatment. There were two deaths and two postoperative complications. A total of 15 patients received intravenous amphotericin B. Four patients with pneumonic infiltrates developed disseminated histoplasmosis.
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PMID:Histoplasmosis: clinical manifestations and surgical management. 47 35

The prevalence of chronic lung disease was investigated in 1284 adult residents of 11 villages situated at 1800 m in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea. Chronic cough, shortness of breath on exertion, bronchial hypersecretion, and adventitious chest sounds were increasingly common in both sexes from middle life onwards, and were associated with an irreversible obstructive ventilatory defect. Over the age of 45 years, 20% of men and 10% of women had an FEV1/FVC % less than 60%. The prevalence of active asthma was 0.25%. The smoking of home-grown, air-cured tobacco was not associated with chronic respiratory symptoms or reduction of ventilatory capacity. Smoking was, however, associated with recent cough symptom, bronchial hypersecretion and adventitiae. Mortality over the subsequent 5 years was increased 2--3 fold in those with adventitiae, but was not related to smoking status. The aetiological relevance of wood smoke in the houses and acute chest infections remains to be clarified.
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PMID:Respiratory abnormalities, smoking habits and ventilatory capacity in a highland community in Papua New Guinea: prevalence and effect on mortality. 52 9

In 22 employees of a button-manufacturing plant, exposure to polyester resins over an eight-hour work shift resulted in an acute reduction of flow rates on maximum expiratory flow volume (MEFV) curves at MEF50% and MEF25%. In the workers studied, preshift administration of 80 mg of propranolol potentiated, while 1 mg of subcutaneously injected atropine significantly inhibited, the bronchoconstricting effect of the resins, indicating that the autonomic nervous system plays an important role in determining airway smooth muscle response to polyester resins. Although a high prevalence of acute symptoms (cough, shortness of breath, throat and eye irritation) over the work shift was recorded in exposed workers, no high prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms was found. No definite evidence of chronic airway obstruction was recorded in exposed workers.
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PMID:Airway responsiveness in workers processing polyester resins. 53 58

Approximately 14 days after exploring a limestone cave in northcentral Florida in February 1973, an 18-year-old female developed a respiratory illness with pronounced shortness of breath and cyanosis. The following day, an 18-year-old male presented to the hospital with similar complaints. The association of illness with their recent caving experience prompted further epidemiologic investigation. Twenty-nine members of a church-sponsored youth group explored the implicated cave. Twenty-three of them later became ill with complaints of cough, afternoon fever and sweats, chest discomfort, and dyspnea on exertion. Histoplasmin skin tests were positive in 18 of 24 individuals tested. Serum for complement fixation (CF) was positive in 12 of 26. Testing of area residents revealed a low incidence of skin test and CF positivity (7% and 0%, respectively). That spelunkers are at risk of acquiring pulmonary histoplasmosis has been noted previously; in Florida this has been related to the exploration of caves infested with bats. This is the largest reported outbreak of acute pulmonary histoplasmosis that has been associated with spelunking and further points out that only those individuals who enter the cave are at risk of acquiring the disease, and not those who reside in the surrounding area.
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PMID:Pulmonary histoplasmosis associated with exploration of a bat cave. 57 35

During the winter months 1974/75 we were able to observe a number of unusual respiratory tract infections particularly in children over 6 years of age which appeared as pneumonias. Characteristic clinical findings included a dry, hacky cough, refractive to the usual antitussives, starting 1--2 weeks prior to admission, fever up to 104, malaise, headache, anorexia, shortness of breath and cyanosis. Several Pts were treated prior to admission with a number of antibiotics and failed to respond. Laboratory findings showed a peripheral polymorphonuclear leucocytosis with toxic granulations of neutrophiles. A sedimentation rate above 40 in the first hour occurred in most Pts. X Ray of the lung revealed a characteristic mottled appearance with patchy infiltrations, atelectasis and nodular densities. Frequently a shift of the mediastinum towards the infiltrate was seen. One of the hallmarks on physical examination was the discrepancy between the severity of the clinical illness and the paucity of physical findings. Decreased breath sounds over affected lung areas were often the only findings on auscultation; find rales, rhonchi or dullness on percussion were less often heard. The combination of a typical history, physical examination, laboratory tests and X Ray findings enabled us to make a presumptive clinical diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumonia before serologic test results were available and to start with the appropriate antibiotic (Erythromycin, Tetracycline) early in the course of the disease. Complement fixation tests with a titer of 1 : 20 and a fourfold rise over the next two weeks or an initial titer of 1 : 80 and above were considered significant for acute disease.
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PMID:[Mycoplasma pneumonias in childhood (author's transl)]. 83 54

An 18-year-old woman with stage IIIB Hodgkin's disease presented with minimal shortness of breath and progressed to fatal pulmonary insufficiency in five days. Biopsy and necropsy lung tissue specimens established the diagnosis of acute radiation pneumonitis. The diagnosis of radiation pneumonitis should be considered in the presence of a nonproductive cough, dyspnea, mixed interstitial and alveolar infiltrates on chest roentgenogram, negative cultures, and the characteristic findings on lung biopsy of macrophage accumulation and alveolar fibrin deposition in the face of minimal cellular infiltrate. A trial of steroid treatment may be warranted.
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PMID:Acute febrile illness associated with bilateral pulmonary infiltrates after irradiation in a patient with Hodgkin's disease. 84 87


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