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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The characteristics of the effects of exposure to cotton dust were adequately described more than 50 years ago. Symptoms of airway irritation, cough with or without phlegm, and Monday morning chest tightness are typical. The symptoms caused by exposure to cotton dust are similar to those induced by other organic dusts. A common pathology is acute or chronic inflammation, and bacterial endotoxins seem to be the causative agents for the acute and some chronic reactions.
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PMID:Health effects of cotton dust exposures. 240 15

Personal samples of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and respirable particulate (RP) were collected over the shift on 232 workers in four diesel bus garages. Response was assessed by an acute respiratory questionnaire and before and after shift spirometry. Measures of exposure to NO2 and RP were associated with work-related symptoms of cough; itching, burning, or watering eyes; difficult or labored breathing; chest tightness; and wheeze. The prevalence of burning eyes, headaches, difficult or labored breathing, nausea, and wheeze experienced at work were higher in the diesel bus garage workers than in a comparison population of battery workers, while the prevalence of headaches was reduced. Mean reductions in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), peak flow, and flows at 50 and 75% of FVC were not obviously different from zero. There was no detectable association of exposure to NO2 or respirable particulate and acute reductions in pulmonary function. Workers who often had respiratory work-related symptoms generally had a slightly greater mean acute reduction in FEV1 and FEF50 than did those who did not have these symptoms, but these differences were not statistically significant.
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PMID:Epidemiological-environmental study of diesel bus garage workers: acute effects of NO2 and respirable particulate on the respiratory system. 243 31

This paper presents the results of an investigation of respiratory symptoms and lung function of 404 workers who had been exposed to jute dust in a jute mill. Measurement of total dust concentration and analysis of dust composition were also conducted. Most workers in the jute mill were exposed to jute dusts containing less than 5% silica, whereas a few workers were exposed to dusts containing approximately 10-15% silica. Male smokers and nonsmokers in the dust-exposed group had a higher prevalence of cough and chest tightness compared with those in the control group. Among dust-exposed workers, female nonsmokers had a significantly higher prevalence of cough, chronic bronchitis, chest tightness, and dyspnea than those in the control group. Lung function tests showed that dust-exposed workers had a greater incidence of abnormal lung function than did control workers, as measured by percentage of predicted forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1.0), and FEV1.0/FVC. Dust exposure was the main cause of respiratory symptoms and abnormal values of FEV1.0, but both cigarette smoking and dust exposure contributed to the abnormal values reported for FEV1.0.
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PMID:Respiratory symptoms and lung function in jute processing workers: a primary investigation. 261 May 24

Bronchial hyperresponsiveness is a constant feature of asthma even when airflow obstruction is absent. Detecting nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness is useful when the diagnosis of asthma has not been confirmed or when a patient describes symptoms of cough, chest tightness, and dyspnea that cannot be ascribed to other causes. Also, because wheezing is a symptom of other disorders, inhalation challenge tests can be useful in defining its cause when reversible airflow obstruction has not been documented. A number of easy and safe techniques are available to detect nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The histamine and methacholine challenge have had the most widespread use in the clinical pulmonary function laboratory. The exercise and cold air challenges are limited by expense. The osmotic challenge may gain more acceptance as experience with this technique grows. These different agents have the advantage of simplicity, reproducibility, a low number of adverse effects, and a high degree of specificity and sensitivity. A limited number of asthmatics show bronchial hyperresponsiveness to specific agents such as chemical sensitizers in the workplace, aeroallergens, aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, and sulfiting agents. Bronchoprovocation testing with these agents is usually reserved for the hospital laboratory because severe or delayed reactions may occur. These tests, however, can be extremely useful in defining a population of sensitive asthmatics.
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PMID:Bronchoprovocation testing. 266 Nov 16

This is a report of the clinical analysis of 250 cases of dengue fever-like patients during the 1987-1988 epidemic in Southern Taiwan at Harn's clinic, Kaohsiung city. The results were: The peak age groups were between 20-40 years old. The ratio of male to female was 1:14. 98% patients presented with fever of mainly 3 to 6 days duration. 98% reported body pain, which included headache (82%), generalized soreness (65%), low back pain (50%). 95% patients had GI symptoms, such as anorexia (73%), nausea (60%), vomiting (45%). 97% patients complained of dizziness and weakness, and 22.4% patients had a bleeding tendency. The common bleeding sites were involving the subcutaneous (skin), gum, uterus, nasal cavity, GI tract, retina, and GU tract. The eruption rate was 78%. A majority of rashes appeared on the extremities, and then spread to the trunk. Less common symptoms were insomnia, chest tightness, urgency of urination, cough, running nose, palpitation, and shock. 45% patients were noted with hair loss. The hair loss was the latest presenting symptom, which tended to occur about two months after the recovery stage, and lasted for about one month. On physical examination, 62.6% patients had conjunctivitis, while only 1.3% had lymph node enlargement. Usually, the whole clinical course lasted for 7 to 14 days. Laboratory examination showed that leukopenia was noted from the second day and reached the lowest count on the fifth day, and recovered on 9th or 10th day. In 247 blood sera tested serologically for dengue fever, 84 were confirmed, while 157 were not confirmed yet due to patients' reluctance to accept a second blood drawing.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical study on dengue fever during 1987-1988 epidemic at Kaohsiung City, southern Taiwan]. 273 68

Investigations of premenstrual asthma (PMA) have been based on studies of asthmatics already aware of a deterioration of asthma premenstrually. Little is known, therefore, about relationships between the menstrual cycle and airway function in asthmatics who do not complain of PMA or in normal subjects. We investigated airway function in both of these groups for three or four consecutive menstrual cycles. Daily records of asthma symptoms and peak expiratory flow rates were maintained by 11 asthmatics and 29 normal control subjects. Standard spirometry and serum estradiol and progesterone levels were measured during the follicular, midluteal, and late luteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Airway reactivity to methacholine was tested during the follicular and luteal phases. The normal group showed no significant changes in symptoms, peak flow rates, spirometric parameters, or airway reactivity. Although the asthmatic group also demonstrated no significant changes in spirometry and airway reactivity, asthma symptoms (shortness-of-breath, cough, wheeze, and chest tightness) deteriorated significantly (p less than 0.001) from the follicular to the luteal phase, as did the morning peak flows of the asthmatics (p = 0.045). Airway function and reactivity were not related to hormone levels in either group. This study indicates that asthmatics not previously aware of PMA will record a premenstrual worsening of asthma symptoms and peak expiratory flow rates. These changes are not related to a deterioration in spirometry and airway reactivity or to the absolute levels of circulating progesterone and estradiol.
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PMID:Influence of the menstrual cycle on airway function in asthmatic and normal subjects. 276 71

The respiratory health of 268 brickworkers in five brickworks was investigated by means of a questionnaire, a physical examination, and pulmonary function testing. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms ranged from 7% for chronic bronchitis to 52% for morning cough to 27% for both chest tightness and wheeze and 9% for dyspnea at effort. A stepwise logistic regression analysis showed the symptoms to be significantly predicted by combinations of smoking and exposure to dust, while a multiple linear regression showed an effect of dust exposure on forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 s but no smoking effect. Smoking generally had less of an effect than dust and predicted early/mild symptoms only.
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PMID:Respiratory health of brickworkers in Cape Town, South Africa. Symptoms, signs and pulmonary function abnormalities. 278 Dec 48

The prevalence of asthma in the South Fore region of Papua New Guinea was found to be 7.3%, which is thought exceptionally high for highland areas in this country. To investigate the prevalence of asthma and of chronic airflow limitation in a different highland region with similar living conditions, adults and children from 7 villages in the Asaro Valley were interviewed. Questions were asked about smoking history and about past and present symptoms of cough, of shortness of breath, of chest tightness and of asthma. Of 743 adults interviewed, 206 underwent a clinical study with measurements of lung function, bronchial responsiveness and skin prick tests. Dust was collected from the floors and blankets of 36 houses for counts of house dust mites. We did not find any children with symptoms of asthma. Only 2 adults (0.3%) had symptoms consistent with asthma, and a further 6.2% had symptoms and/or lung function consistent with chronic airflow limitation. Most bronchial hyperresponsiveness was associated with asthma or with chronic airflow limitation. The prevalence of atopy was similar in the Asaro and South Fore populations, but the South Fore had higher house dust mite counts in blanket dust. The low prevalence of asthma in the Asaro Valley is unexplained in terms of factors normally associated with asthma. Because asthma in this area does not appear in childhood and only develops in a small proportion of adults, it may be of different aetiology to asthma in Caucasian populations.
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PMID:Asthma and chronic airflow limitation in the highlands of Papua New Guinea: low prevalence of asthma in the Asaro Valley. 280 6

A shortened protocol was developed for the epidemiological measurement of bronchial responsiveness to methacholine without compromising sensitivity, power, precision or safety, and without distorting the numerical value of the PD20.FEV1 (the cumulative dose from a doubling incremental sequence which provokes a 20% decrement in FEV1). It was used in a survey of 254 polyurethane workers (83% of the eligible workforce) exposed occupationally to toluene diisocyanate. The mean duration of each test proved to be 38 min, it was well tolerated and 64 workers (25%) proved to be reactors. PD20.FEV1 appeared to be distributed unimodally. It was significantly correlated with questionnaire records of shortness of breath, chest tightness, and wheeze; and with pre-shift FEV1 and FEF25-75. Even the reactors requiring the highest dose of 640 cumulative inhalation units (1 unit = one 8.9 microliters inhalation of methacholine 1 mg.ml-1) to generate a PD20 measurement reported significantly more wheeze than the non-reactors. This indicates that the test had clinical meaning throughout its dose range of 0.3-640 units. No correlation was found between PD20 and individual changes in ventilatory function across the working shift, but mean shift changes were negligible and not statistically significant. PD20 was also found to be unrelated to age, sex, race, smoking, cough and atopy.
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PMID:Epidemiological measurement of bronchial responsiveness in polyurethane workers. 284 Jan 37

One of the most important characteristics of asthma is its association with non specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness. This is diagnosed by histamine bronchial challenge tests. This latter is an easy procedure but requires a precise and standardized methodology. We have analysed, in a large group of bronchial challenge tests (n = 162) the clinical correlations with bronchial response to histamine. Our conclusions are in agreement with several recent literature, and may be summarised as follows: 1. more than 10% of patients, clinically considered as asthmatics do not show bronchial hyperresponsiveness and probably will not benefit from bronchodilators; 2. several aspecific respiratory symptoms (cough, chest tightness, blocked nose and sneezing, recurrent bronchitis, etc...) are frequently associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness and should be considered as asthmatic manifestations. To conclude, we recommend to realise a histamine non specific challenge test in all cases of clinical suspicion of asthma (with normal lung function at basal state) and in all subjects presenting chest symptoms of uncertain etiology.
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PMID:[Screening in asthma]. 292 8


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