Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eight patients with histological intra-alveolar organization, but no evidence of an infective or other aetiological agent, are reported. They characteristically presented with a short history of severe dyspnoea, cough, malaise, weight loss, bilateral radiographic shadowing and a raised ESR. There was a dramatic response clinically and radiologically to prednisolone but relapse occurred quickly as the dose was reduced. Control was re-established with an increased dose of prednisolone. In order to avoid confusion with post-infective organizing pneumonia the term cryptogenic organizing pneumonitis is suggested.
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PMID:Cryptogenic organizing pneumonitis. 664 49

M. pneumoniae is a common cause of pneumonia. The diagnosis is suspected when the patient presents with symptoms suggesting primary atypical pneumonia including cough, fever, chills, headache, and malaise in association with a segmental or subsegmental pulmonary infiltrate(s), the white blood cell count is normal or only slightly elevated, and the Gram stain of the sputum (if any can be obtained) reveals polymorphonuclear leukocytes and few bacteria. The diagnosis is more difficult when the patient presents with symptoms not suggestive of pneumonia including lethargy, dyspnea, and a 1- to 4-week history of shortness of breath without cough or fever in association with diffuse reticulonodular or interstitial pulmonary infiltrates. The disease in the previously healthy host is usually benign and self-limiting. However, the course is shortened by the administration of tetracycline derivatives or erythromycin. M. pneumoniae pneumonia can occur in association with other diseases including sickle cell anemia, sarcoidosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Hodgkin's disease, and various other immunodeficiency states. In these patients mycoplasma pneumonia can be very serious. Although there is no pathognomonic clinical or radiographic presentation, careful consideration of epidemiologic, clinical, laboratory, and radiographic data are usually sufficient to suggest the diagnosis in most patients.
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PMID:Mycoplasma pneumonia. 676 79

A patient employed in a plant where blue cheese was manufactured developed hypersensitivity pneumonitis to Pencillium roqueforti. Symptoms of cough, dyspnea, and malaise, and findings of bibasilar crackles, reduced lung volumes, hypoxemia, and bilateral infiltrates on chest roentgenogram, resolved after she left the workplace. Bronchoalveolar lavage revealed a high percentage of lymphocytes. Antibody to P. roqueforti was demonstrated in serum and lavage fluid. To our knowledge this case represents a new occurrence of hypersensitivity lung disease in the cheese manufacturing industry in the United States.
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PMID:Cheese worker's hypersensitivity pneumonitis. 683 56

Three cases of presumed respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia in immunocompromised adults are described. Two patients had symptoms of cough, fever, and malaise, following completion of a course of combination chemotherapy for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The third patient, a juvenile onset diabetic, developed similar symptoms while hospitalized for severe hyperglycemia. Chest roentgenograms showed lower lobe infiltrates in both leukemic patients and a bilateral non-confluent bronchopneumonia in the diabetic patient. All patients had a marked rise in complement-fixing antibody titres to RSV, suggesting a concurrent infection with the virus. Extensive microbiological investigations failed to reveal any other etiologic agent. Nosocomial infection was considered possible. RSV is not considered a cause of pneumonia in compromised adults. Our three cases suggest that there may be a higher incidence of RSV pneumonia in compromised patients, than previously recognized.
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PMID:Presumed respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in three immunocompromised adults. 684 93

Lyme disease, caused by a tick-transmitted spirochete, typically begins with a unique skin lesion, erythema chronicum migrans. Of 314 patients with this skin lesion, almost half developed multiple annular secondary lesions; some patients had evanescent red blotches or circles, malar or urticarial rash, conjunctivitis, periorbital edema, or diffuse erythema. Skin manifestations were often accompanied by malaise and fatigue, headache, fever and chills, generalized achiness, and regional lymphadenopathy. In addition, patients sometimes had evidence of meningeal irritation, mild encephalopathy, migratory musculoskeletal pain, hepatitis, generalized lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly, sore throat, nonproductive cough, or testicular swelling. These signs and symptoms were typically intermittent and changing during a period of several weeks. The commonest nonspecific laboratory abnormalities were a high sedimentation rate, an elevated serum IgM level, or an increased aspartate transaminase level. Early Lyme disease can be diagnosed by its dermatologic manifestations, rapidly changing system involvement, and if necessary, by serologic testing.
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PMID:The early clinical manifestations of Lyme disease. 685 26

We described three cases of eosinophilic pneumonia of unknown aetiology investigated clinically and by lung biopsy. The illnesses lasted between six and 20 weeks and consisted of cough, dyspnoea, malaise, and in two cases prolonged pyrexia. All had blood eosinophilia and chest radiographs showing widespread bilateral shadowing; in two cases this had a characteristic peripheral distribution. One patient recovered spontaneously and the other two responded to steroids, with disappearance of pyrexia within 12 hours and radiological clearing within 14 days. Lung function tests during the acute illness showed volume restriction or gas transfer defects or both in two cases. After remission all three showed abnormalities if small airways function. Lung biopsies performed during the acute illness were examined histologically and by transmission electron microscopy, and in two cases by immunofluorescence. There was both intra-alveolar and interstitial eosinophilic pneumonia with bronchiolitis obliterans, microgranulomata, and a vasculitis. Electron microscopy showed numerous eosinophils, many degranulated, and macrophages with phagocytosed eosinophilic granules and intracytoplasmic inclusions. In one case IgM, IgG, and IgA were demonstrated in the bronchial walls and interstitium. No IgE or complement was present. We believe that eosinophil granules are responsible for the tissue damage and fever and suggest mechanisms for this and for the response to steroid therapy.
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PMID:Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. 700 96

To study the clinical and physiologic manifestations of the grain fever syndrome and the potentially pathogenic role of complement activation, 12 subjects (six grain workers and six healthy non-grain workers) underwent inhalation provocations with airborne grain dust. The clinical response was characterized by facial warmth, headache, malaise, myalgias, feverish sensation, chilliness, throat and tracheal burning sensation, chest tightness, dyspnea, cough, and expectoration. Fever developed in four grain workers and two controls. Leukocytosis, ranging between 11,700 and 24,300 leukocytes/mm3 with left shift, developed in five grain workers and five controls. There was no evidence of complement activation by the classical or alternate pathway. None of the subjects had serum precipitins to grain dust. The pulmonary response was characterized by a decrease in FEV1, FVC, MMF, Vmax50, and Vmax75, with significant rise in pulmonary resistance and consistent change in dynamic compliance but without changes in static compliance or diffusing capacity. Hence, grain dust inhalation induced diffuse airways obstruction without detectable parenchymal reaction. The airways response to high concentrations of grain dust inhalation were unrelated to the presence of immediate skin hypersensitivity. Although we cannot exclude the etiopathogenetic role of an immunologic reaction to grain dust, our data do not support the hypothesis that the grain fever syndrome is a precipitin-mediated allergic pneumonitis. More likely, the manifestations of grain fever probably reflect the host reaction to grain dust bacterial endotoxins and/or nonallergic mediator release by grain or grain dust constituents.
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PMID:Grain fever syndrome induced by inhalation of airborne grain dust. 707 83

Immunoblastic lymphadenopathy presents with fever, malaise, cough, dyspnea, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, hypergammaglobulinemia, interstitial pulmonary infiltrates, mediastinal adenopathy, and effusions. The diagnosis is made on the basis of lymph node biopsy. Based on the course in our patients and the cases presented in previous reports, a suggested program of treatment for immunoblastic lymphadenopathy includes administration of moderate doses of steroids initially, with a subsequent increase to a higher dosage if desired improvement does not occur. Chemotherapy with three drugs, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone, is indicated if remission using steroids fails. The diagnostic dilemma of whether pulmonary infiltrates are due to the disease itself or to pulmonary infection or to cytotoxic changes from chemotherapy always exists and often requires specimens from either transbronchoscopic or open-lung biopsy for definitive diagnosis and treatment.
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PMID:The lung in immunoblastic lymphadenopathy. 727 80

The early clinical features, primary care, treatment and short-term prognosis in 15 cases of acute myocarditis where diagnostic confirmation was made by endomyocardial biopsy or autopsy were analyzed. Characteristically, idiopathic myocarditis of possible viral etiology revealed preceding symptoms which consisted of flu-like symptoms, i.e., fever, upper respiratory infection (sore throat, cough), myalgia or arthralgia, general malaise, and gastrointestinal disorders (vomiting, anorexia, nausea, abdominal pain and soft stool). A severe cardiac or generalized disease condition may follow. Depending upon the progress of intensive medical and cardiac care, the patients' prognosis is not always poor. Diagnostic criteria based upon our own experience have been constructed as a proposal.
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PMID:Early clinical profiles of cases with histopathologically proven acute idiopathic myocarditis and a proposal for diagnostic criteria. 732 Nov 52

An explosive outbreak of influenza caused by an A/USSR/77-like (H1N1) virus occurred aboard a US Navy ship in December 1977 and January 1978. Two hundred volunteers aboard the ship were studied. Virus was isolated from 36 of 57 patients from whom isolation was attempted. Among virologically confirmed patients, headache (97%), chills (92%), malaise (86%), and cough (75%) were the most frequent symptoms. There were two virologically confirmed cases with complications: one with collapsed lung and the other with pneumonitis. The study subjects were 25 years of age or less, but there was little influenza-like disease in members of the crew greater than 25 years of age. Prior vaccination with bivalent vaccine, containing A/NJ/76 (Hsw1N1) virus, did not offer significant protection against disease caused by A/USSR/77-like virus. Serologic tests, either or both complement fixation and hemagglutination inhibition, were positive in only 14 of 22 virologically confirmed cases, indicating a poor serologic response to primary infection with this strain of virus. These findings prevented calculation of meaningful disease to infection ratios. However, inapparent infection occurred in 3 of 19 (16%) individuals who denied having illness during the outbreak yet had serologic evidence of recent influenza infection.
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PMID:An influenza outbreak due to A/USSR/77-like (H1N1) virus aboard a US Navy ship. 742 98


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