Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A young male foundry worker had headache, nonproductive cough, orthopnea, formication, rigor, fever, and substernal pain after exposure to concentrated metal fumes. Examination revealed bilateral basal rales. Serial spirometry suggested a transitory restrictive impairment with persistent mild to moderate obstructive impairment. Leukocytosis, hypoxemia, and the other symptoms resolved with no therapy other than the patient's removal from the polluted area.
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PMID:Case report: metal fumes fever. 64 59

Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is rare in children. In Veterans General Hospital-Taipei, a total of 364 cases of SVC syndrome were diagnosed in the past 12 years. Of them only seven cases were younger than 18 years of age, ranging from 6 to 17 years, and they were all caused by mediastinal tumor. The underlying malignancy included malignant lymphoma in 4, teratocarcinoma in one and unknown in 2. The most common initial symptom was cough, followed in order of frequency by chest discomfort or neck mass. Dyspnea, orthopnea, swelling of head and neck, and venous engorgement might develop gradually within one to three weeks. Of the reported seven cases, two cases received immediate resuscitation upon arrival but expired in 1-2 hours. The other five cases received treatment with intravenous steroid as well as chemotherapy, and three cases also received committent emergent radiotherapy. Two of them expired 4 months and 2 years after treatment, respectively. Of the two surviving cases, one has received a complete course of chemotherapy and the other is still under regular chemotherapy in our hospital. Both of them are stable till now.
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PMID:Superior vena cava syndrome in children with malignancy: analysis of seven cases. 133 Feb 48

Flexible Nd:YAG endoscopic laser surgery may become an effective new modality for palliation in patients with obstructive endotracheal metastatic malignancies. We report the results of the treatment of two patients with severely obstructing intraluminal tracheal metastatic melanoma and medullary thyroid carcinoma, using the neodymium-YAG laser via the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope. Both patients complained of significant dyspnea, orthopnea, cough, and hemoptysis and were not candidates for rigid bronchoscopy because of underlying medical contraindications and anatomical problems. Multiple treatment sessions were used with treatment intervals of 1 to 2 weeks. All treatments were performed in the operating room under sedation, without intubation, with topical lidocaine and standard superior laryngeal nerve block. Successful relief of airway obstruction with complete regression of the endotracheal masses was achieved and no recurrences were seen after 9 months' follow-up. Flexible Nd:YAG laser bronchoscopy offered an alternative for the relief of obstructing endotracheal or bronchial malignancies in patients in whom the rigid bronchoscope could not be passed. it seemed to prolong survival in selected cases, and provided definite improvement in quality of life.
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PMID:Flexible Nd:YAG laser palliation of obstructive tracheal metastatic malignancies. 170 Feb 51

A 60-pack-year smoker presented with cough, dyspnea and orthopnea of three months' duration. Spirometry revealed severe reduction in maximal expiratory flow; CT of the chest and bronchoscopy demonstrated expiratory collapse of a mid-tracheal segment, and a presumptive diagnosis of tracheomalacia was made. A right lateral thoracotomy was performed to resect the unstable segment and improve maximal expiratory flow. Diffuse major airway disease with absence of cartilaginous rings from the thoracic inlet to the mainstem bronchi was encountered. The trachea and mainstem bronchi were stented externally. A high resistance to airflow and absence of expiratory flow limitation were present, suggesting a fixed rather than variable intrathoracic obstruction of major airways. This case illustrates some potential pitfalls in preoperative assessment of patients with tracheomalacia. Recordings of airway pressure and flow during mechanical ventilation are useful in distinguishing between fixed and variable intrathoracic obstruction and may complement tests of airway anatomy.
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PMID:The assessment of major airway function in a ventilator-dependent patient with tracheomalacia. 232 60

A population survey was conducted in 1982-1983 among 3,812 persons aged 65 years and older residing in East Boston, Massachusetts, a geographically defined urban community. Three measurements of peak expiratory flow rate were obtained by using calibrated mini-Wright meters. Peak expiratory flow rate was strongly related to age, sex, smoking, and years smoked. After adjustment for these factors, low peak expiratory flow rate was associated with chronic respiratory symptoms (cough, wheeze, shortness of breath, exertional dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea; p less than 0.0001) and with certain cardiovascular variables (history of stroke, p = 0.0014; angina, p = 0.05; and high pulse rate, p = 0.004). No significant associations were found with history of myocardial infarction or systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Peak expiratory flow rate was positively related to education (p less than 0.0001) and income (p less than 0.0001). Peak expiratory flow rate also was strongly related (p less than 0.0001) to measures of functional ability and physical activity, self-assessment of health, and simple measures of cognitive function. The correlations of peak expiratory flow rate with pulmonary symptoms and other indices of chronic disease raise the possibility that peak expiratory flow rate will predict mortality in an elderly population.
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PMID:Peak expiratory flow rate in an elderly population. 278 11

Oppression of the chest, cough and orthopnea are well known to occur in some athletes after competitions, maybe reflecting an increase in lung water. In order to indicate if lung water increases after maximal exercise we measured pulmonary diffusion capacity before and 2.1 h after a short maximal arm exercise bout in 11 canoeists and showed a decrease of 6.7%. The result may be explained by a calculated 17% increase in alveolar interstitial volume.
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PMID:Decrease in pulmonary diffusion capacity after maximal exercise. 358 11

Meobentine (sulfate) has antifibrillatory and antiarrhythmic activity in canine models. The antiarrhythmic, pharmacokinetic, and adrenergic neuronal blocking effects of meobentine were assessed in 15 patients with chronic, high-frequency ventricular ectopic depolarizations (VEDs). Eleven of the 15 patients had recurrent nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. The patients were given a series of gradually increasing single doses of meobentine; six received oral meobentine and nine had infusions. The antiarrhythmic efficacy of meobentine was assessed by a comparison of arrhythmia frequency during placebo given on days just prior to meobentine. Oral therapy with meobentine at dosages above 20 mg/kg caused diarrhea, and well-tolerated dosages achieved peak concentrations of 0.69 micrograms/ml (range 0.5-1.0 micrograms/ml). Antiarrhythmic activity was seen in only one patient with oral meobentine. In contrast, intravenous infusions (6.75-34.2 mg/kg) achieved concentrations ranging from 1.3-9.8 micrograms/ml. There was a linear relationship between pseudo-steady-state plasma concentrations and dosage, r = 0.82, p less than 0.01. Antiarrhythmic activity was seen in four of nine patients who received intravenous meobentine over a range of concentrations from 2.5-4.5 micrograms/ml. Four patients developed evidence of adrenergic neuronal blockage (loss of the venous reflex response); two at dosages of 16.2 mg/kg, one at 24.3 mg/kg, and one at 34.2 mg/kg. In one individual (24.3 mg/kg), the adrenergic neuronal blockade was associated with an acute episode of shortness of breath, orthopnea, and cough. With intravenous meobentine, there was a linear relationship between dosage and AUC, and the elimination half-life ranged from 11-27 h.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The antiarrhythmic activity of meobentine sulfate in man. 620 20

A 22-year-old woman is seen for progressive dyspnea on exertion experienced for the past six months. She has no dyspnea at rest, orthopnea, cough, or other symptoms. There is no history of heart murmurs, rheumatic fever, or pulmonary disease. Physical examination shows a healthy-appearing young woman with no cyanosis or clubbing. The jugular venous pulse shows a prominent A wave, with normal mean venous pressure. The lungs are clear to examination. The cardiac examination is normal except for a loud second heart sound that is narrowly split in expiration and a little more widely split in inspiration. The chest roentgenogram shows slight cardiac enlargement of nonspecific contour, with a considerably enlarged main pulmonary artery segment and moderately prominent central pulmonary artery branches. The peripheral lung fields are unremarkable. The electrocardiogram is shown.
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PMID:Dyspnea, right-axis deviation, and abnormal P waves in a young woman. 641 83

A pericardial effusion was diagnosed by echocardiography in a 49 year old man who suffered acute cough, orthopnea, and chest pain. Because of a positive tuberculin skin test, mycobacteria were initially suspected as the cause of the pericarditis. The patient was therefore treated with antituberculosis drugs. The pericardial effusion failed to resolve, however, and pericardiectomy was performed. Culture of the pericardial fluid yielded pure Fusobacterium nucleatum growth. The patient responded to antibiotic therapy and was in good health 3 weeks after being discharged from the hospital. This represents the first report of F. nucleatum pericarditis.
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PMID:Fusobacterium nucleatum pericarditis. 683 85

Pulmonary edema is a frequent and common cause of death in patients in critical care settings. It is seen as a complication of myocardial infarcts, hypertension, pneumonia, smoke inhalation, and high-altitude pulmonary edema. Pulmonary edema occurs when there are alterations in Starling forces and capillary permeability, opposition to lymphatic flow in the lungs, decreased plasma oncotic pressure, central nervous system lesions, and following some types of strenuous exercise. Pulmonary edema presents initially with crackles, wheezing, and dry cough and progresses to tachypnea, dyspnea, orthopnea, pink frothy sputum, and cyanosis. Treatment involves supportive therapy, reduction in blood volume, and oxygen therapy.
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PMID:Pathophysiology of pulmonary edema. 800 Sep 33


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