Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A renal transplant recipient was receiving prednisone and azathioprine therapy when he developed fever, cough, and erythema-nodosum-like lesions on the extremities. Disseminated histoplasmosis was diagnosed by skin biopsy. Disseminated histoplasmosis should be considered when a patient under immunosuppressive therapy develops a lesion similar to erythema nodosum or erysipelas with panniculitis.
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PMID:Disseminated histoplasmosis in an immunosuppressed patient. 32 2

We describe two patients demonstrating a granulomatous inflammation of bronchial mucosa characterized clinically by a persistent dry cough, lack of manifestations of bronchial asthma, normal level of serum IgE and serum ACE, inflamed bronchial mucosal appearance consisting of edema, erythema, bleeding and narrowing and recovering without specific treatment. Histopathological findings of the bronchial inflammation of our patients were characterized by noncaseating granuloma formation consisting of epithelioid cells and multinucleated giant cells with infiltration of lymphocytes, plasma cells and eosinophils. The bronchial granulomatous inflammation of our patients was thought to differ from that of diseases which have been known, to our knowledge, as diseases demonstrating a granulomatous inflammation of bronchial mucosa. Although the pathogenesis of the disease could not be clarified by a careful search of special staining and culturing for the infective agent, it was most suggestive of non-specific inflammation with a granulomatous response to some sort of inhaled agents.
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PMID:Idiopathic granulomatous bronchitis. An unusual form of known granulomatous lung diseases or an unknown disease? 134 46

In immunocompetent patients, infection by the measles (rubeola) paramyxovirus produces fever, cough, coryza, Koplik's spots, and, on the skin, a macular erythema that can become confluent. The erythema has a striking cephalocaudal spread and clearing. The diagnosis of measles on a skin biopsy and the distinction from an erythema multiforme type of drug eruption can be difficult. We studied a skin biopsy from a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who presented with measles. In contrast to erythema multiforme, the measles biopsy has necrosis of clusters of keratinocytes in the high spinous layer and granular layer of the epidermis, whereas erythema multiforme has necrosis of basal keratinocytes. Multinucleated keratinocytes may or may not be prominent in the measles biopsy. Cytoplasmic swelling of the keratinocytes in the granular layer may be present even when multinucleated cells are sparse. Immunoperoxidase reactivity for measles virus protein is present in intranuclear inclusions and in the cytoplasm of infected upper spinous keratinocytes. There were more cells with positive staining in the biopsy from the AIDS patient than in another biopsy from an immunocompetent patient with measles. The AIDS patient was seronegative for measles throughout the course of the illness. The examination of the skin biopsy can be very important in the diagnosis of measles in AIDS patients or immunocompromised patients who may not develop the usual diagnostic serology.
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PMID:Cutaneous manifestations of measles in AIDS. 143 Apr 71

A 42-year-old woman was admitted because of cough, sputum, and fever. A chest roentgenogram revealed a nodular density in the left upper lung field with satellite lesions compatible with tuberculoma. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected from sputum. Five weeks after starting the treatment with 0.4 g/day of isoniazid, 0.45 g/day of rifampicin, and 0.75 g/day of streptomycin, she showed itching erythema in the trunk. The white blood cell count was 4,500/mm3 with 14% eosinophils, and serum transaminases were slightly increased (GOT 101 U/L, GPT 74 U/L). Although isoniazid and rifampicin were stopped, the erythema with exfoliation spread to her extremities, suggesting exfoliative dermatitis. The white blood cell count reached 15,990/mm3 with 68% eosinophils (10,810/mm3). Stimulation indices measured with the lymphocyte stimulation test (LST) were 109% with rifampicin, 140% with isoniazid, and 275% with streptomycin, suggesting streptomycin-induced allergy. After cessation of streptomycin, the symptoms gradually improved. After the reaction had subsided, the treatment with isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol was resumed, but she showed no further adverse reactions. LST seems to be very useful to identify the drug or drugs responsible for the reactions occurred during the treatment by antituberculosis drugs.
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PMID:[A case of pulmonary tuberculosis associated with severe skin eruption, prominent eosinophilia, and liver dysfunction induced by streptomycin]. 153 89

The incidence of systemic side effects under aerosolized pentamidine treatment or prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is low when compared to intravenous application. Erythema, hypotension, hypoglycemia, renal failure are infrequently seen. Local side effects--cough, bronchial spasm, metallic taste--are frequent complications of aerosolized pentamidine treatment. Cystic lung disease, pneumothorax, and atypical pneumonia may be a late sequelae of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and not a primary effect of pentamidine. Poor apical ventilation due to suboptimal inhalation technique etc. and decreased deposition of pentamidine in these areas may be of some consequence for the development of these unusual complications. Extrapulmonary pneumocystis infections under preventive pentamidine aerosol treatment for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia have been seen in single cases, a causal relationship to pentamidine application is not yet established.
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PMID:[Unwanted drug side effects with pentamidine inhalation]. 219 33

A 18-year-old man was admitted with fever, dry cough, erythema, conjunctivitis, and dyspnea. The case was diagnosed as measles because of the typical clinical course and the increase of measles viral antibody titre. Electrocardiogram showed transient ST-T abnormalities and the laboratory data showed transient increase of CPK. Therefore myocarditis was considered. However chest roentgenogram showed no abnormal findings. Arterial oxygen was low. The Ga scintigram revealed diffused uptake in both lungs. Microscopic examination of the transbronchial lung biopsy revealed alveolitis. In view of he above, measles pneumonia was diagnosed in this case.
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PMID:[A case of measles in adolescents with myocarditis and pneumonia]. 250 6

In order to characterize intraluminal airway inflammation in subjects with chronic bronchitis, bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage were performed in 28 subjects with chronic bronchitis with fixed airway obstruction and, for comparison, 15 asymptomatic smokers and 25 normal nonsmoking volunteers. The chronic bronchitics had a cough productive of sputum on most days of the month for 6 months in the preceding 2 yr, had at least one exacerbation requiring medical intervention in each of the previous 2 yr, and had an FEV1 less than 76% of predicted without response to bronchodilator. During bronchoscopy the airways were assessed for visual evidence of inflammation by assigning them a score, the bronchitis index, that graded the airways according to the apparent severity of airway edema, erythema, friability, and secretions. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed by sequentially instilling and retrieving with gentle suction five 20-ml aliquots of sterile normal saline into each of three separate lobes. The first aliquots, the "bronchial" sample, were pooled and processed separately from the final four aliquots, the "distal" sample. Cell counts, cell differentials, and albumin were determined for both the bronchial and distal samples. In order to correlate inflammation with clinical parameters, sputum was collected for 24 h prior to bronchoscopy; spirometry was performed just prior to bronchoscopy, and smoking histories were obtained. Visual inspection of the airways, as quantified by the bronchitis index, demonstrated significantly more evidence for inflammation in the chronic bronchitics than in either the asymptomatic smokers or the normal subjects. The bronchial sample lavage fluids from the chronic bronchitics tended to contain more cells (6.1 +/- 2.2 x 10(6) cells) than the bronchial sample fluids from the asymptomatic smokers (3.6 +/- 0.6 x 10(6) cells) or normal subjects (3.7 +/- 0.5 x 10(6) cells). Furthermore, the chronic bronchitics had a higher percentage of neutrophils in their bronchial lavage fluid (35.8 +/- 5.6%) than did either the asymptomatic smokers (20.7 +/- 2.6%, p = 0.0001) or the normal subjects (10.3 +/- 5.6%). The distal sample lavage fluid also recovered more neutrophils from both the chronic bronchitics (15.0 +/- 4.2%, p = 0.0012) and asymptomatic smokers (5.7 +/- 1.3%, p = 0.002) than from the normal subjects (2.8 +/- 0.4%). The chronic bronchitics were divided into two groups: those with low (less than 20%) and those with high (greater than 20%) bronchial sample neutrophils. Those with higher bronchial sample neutrophils had significantly more sputum production and lower FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25-75 than did the subjects with lower bronchial sample neutrophils.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Intraluminal airway inflammation in chronic bronchitis. Characterization and correlation with clinical parameters. 260 84

In an open study, 17 patients (16 women, 1 man) with refractory or severe rheumatoid arthritis were treated with thalidomide. Two withdrew from the study in the first weeks. Thirteen patients received 531 +/- 63 mg/day of thalidomide for 18.8 +/- 8.8 weeks; in 2 the dose was 300 mg/day during 62 and 65 weeks. Seven patients attained complete remission, 5 partial remission, and the last 3 no improvement at all. Remissions lasted 6 years in 1 patient, 2 years in 3, 1 year in one, and varied between 8 months and 8 weeks in 7. After relapse, 5 patients received a 2nd course of treatment and attained remission again. This lasted 24, 10, and 9 months in 3; two are taking 100 mg/day of thalidomide as a maintenance dose and remain asymptomatic after 36 and 30 months. The side effects were drowsiness, constipation, hard swelling of the lower limbs, erythema of the face and limbs with local pruritus or burning sensation, hair loss, cough, nasal obstruction, fever, and skin and mucosal dryness. In 8 patients there was mild eosinophilia (less than 10%) and in 2 leukopenia. A 33-year-old woman showed amenorrhea up to 2 months after stopping treatment. After a 2nd course of treatment, 2 patients developed peripheral sensory neuropathy, which resolved spontaneously in 6 months. We believe these findings justify controlled trials with this agent.
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PMID:Treatment of refractory rheumatoid arthritis--the thalidomide experience. 274 63

Laryngeal sarcoidosis presents with hoarseness, cough, and dysphagia. Shortness of breath due to upper airway obstruction may occur. Indirect laryngoscopy reveals mucosal edema and erythema, granulomas, and nodules. The supraglottic larynx is the most frequently affected area. Systemic corticosteroids can be used initially; however, with persistent symptoms and/or severe airway problems, intralesional steroid injections may be more effective, as in the six patients presented.
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PMID:Treatment of laryngeal sarcoidosis with intralesional steroid injection. 368 65

Lyme disease, caused by a tick-transmitted spirochete, typically begins with a unique skin lesion, erythema chronicum migrans. Of 314 patients with this skin lesion, almost half developed multiple annular secondary lesions; some patients had evanescent red blotches or circles, malar or urticarial rash, conjunctivitis, periorbital edema, or diffuse erythema. Skin manifestations were often accompanied by malaise and fatigue, headache, fever and chills, generalized achiness, and regional lymphadenopathy. In addition, patients sometimes had evidence of meningeal irritation, mild encephalopathy, migratory musculoskeletal pain, hepatitis, generalized lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly, sore throat, nonproductive cough, or testicular swelling. These signs and symptoms were typically intermittent and changing during a period of several weeks. The commonest nonspecific laboratory abnormalities were a high sedimentation rate, an elevated serum IgM level, or an increased aspartate transaminase level. Early Lyme disease can be diagnosed by its dermatologic manifestations, rapidly changing system involvement, and if necessary, by serologic testing.
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PMID:The early clinical manifestations of Lyme disease. 685 26


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