Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four cases of arteriosclerotic aneurysm of the arteria lusoria are described. In one patient a tumor of the superior mediastinum was suspected, the chief signs of which are dyspnea and irritative cough. In a further patient, enlargement of the left superior mediastinum was noted in routine fluoroscopy. Clinical investigation revealed an aneurysm of the arteria lusoria. In the third patient, dysphagia, slight cough and torticollis were interpreted as symptoms of a neoplasm of the esophagus or larynx. The fourth patient, in whom aneurysm of the arteria lusoria was discovered by chance at autopsy, displayed no clinical or radiological signs. Abberrant right subclavian artery (arteria lusoria) is a relatively frequent finding in autopsies. Aneurysm of the arteria lusori is apparently also a typical complication.
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PMID:[Aneurysm of the arteria lusoria. Report on 4 cases]. 125 Nov 44

Prune belly syndrome is a relatively uncommon disorder that is characterized by intrauterine urinary obstruction associated with cryptorchisdism, oligohydramnios, and orthopaedic deformations. The oligohydramnios is believed to produce limited intrauterine space, which in turn leads to fetal compression and the resultant deformities. The deformities observed in our patients were developmental dislocation of the hip (DDH), clubfeet, metatarsus adductus, vertical talus, and congenital muscular torticollis. These deformations should be treated aggressively because children with prune belly syndrome may be expected to have a relatively normal life if their renal function is good. The one exception is that as infants these children are very susceptible to pulmonary infections because of their inability to cough. Therefore, treatment of the hip and other deformations should be delayed until the children are old enough to be able to clear pulmonary secretions easily.
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PMID:Orthopaedic aspects of prune belly syndrome. 837 Jul 83

Cinical experience has shown us that some infants with congenital muscular torticollis have a cough reflex while stretching the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The objective of this study is to present a case series with the maneuver inducing the cough reflex and facial color change and to provide the possible mechanism underlying this phenomenon. This is a case series from a prospective cohort. Among 290 children with congenital muscular torticollis who came to a single torticollis clinic from January to December 2008, the children who showed cough reflex were consecutively enrolled. Twenty-four infants (8.28%) showed the cough reflex. The age of first presentation with congenital muscular torticollis was 37.65 +/- 19.60 days old. They showed 57.5 +/- 7.3 degrees of the passive cervical rotation to the congenital muscular torticollis side at the initial visit. The mean thickness of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in those with cough reflex was 13.79 +/- 1.96 mm at the side of congenital muscular torticollis and 5.43 +/- 0.85 mm on the contralateral side. The cough reflex disappeared, and 90 degrees of passive cervical rotation to the congenital muscular torticollis side were regained with stretching exercises and/or surgical release in all 24 children. One of the possible mechanisms for this cough reflex is surmised to be the mechanical irritation of the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve during the maneuver, which is one of the branches of the vagus nerve and is responsible for the sensation of the mucous membrane of the larynx. 8.28% of the infants with congenital muscular torticollis showed positive sign of cough reflex and had at least double or more thickness of the sternocleidomastoid muscle compared with that of unaffected sternocleidomastoid muscle and, at the same time, had 60 degrees or less of passive cervical rotation toward the affected side. To the best of our literature review, this laryngeal cough reflex is a new finding that has never been described before. One of the possible mechanisms for this cough reflex is surmised to be the mechanical irritation of the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve during the maneuver, which is one of the branches of the vagus nerve, acting as the afferent nerve of laryngeal cough reflex.
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PMID:The laryngeal cough reflex in congenital muscular torticollis: is it a new finding? 1973 Mar 56

Laryngeal dystonia is a movement disorder of the muscles within the larynx, which most commonly manifests as spasmodic dysphonia (SD). Rarer reported manifestations include dystonic respiratory stridor and dyscoordinate breathing. Laryngeal dystonia has been treated successfully with botulinum neurotoxin (BTX) injections since 1984. We reviewed prospectively collected data in a consecutive series of 193 patients with laryngeal dystonia who were seen at St. Vincent's Hospital between 1991 and 2011. Patient data were analyzed in Excel, R, and Prism. Laryngeal dystonia manifested as SD (92.7%), stridor (11.9%), dystonic cough (6.2%), dyscoordinate breathing (4.1%), paroxysmal hiccups (1.6%), and paroxysmal sneezing (1.6%). There were more women (68.4%) than men (31.6%), and the average age at onset was 47 years. A positive family history of dystonia was present in 16.1% of patients. A higher incidence of extra-laryngeal dystonia (ie, torticollis and blepharospasm) and concurrent manifestations of laryngeal dystonia were present in patients with dystonic cough, dyscoordinate breathing, paroxysmal sneezing, and hiccups than in other patients (P = 0.003 and P < 0.0001, respectively). The average starting dose of BTX decreased from 2.3 to 0.5 units between 1991 and 2011. The median treatment rating was excellent across all subgroups. Patients with adductor SD, stridor, extra-laryngeal dystonia and male patients had relatively better treatment outcomes. Technical failures were rare (1.1%). Dysphonia secondary to vocal cord paresis followed 38.7% of treatments. Laryngeal dystonia manifests predominantly as SD, but other manifestations include stridor, dyscoordinate breathing, paroxysmal cough, hiccups, and sneezing. BTX injections are very effective across all subgroups. Severe adverse events are rare.
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PMID:The clinical spectrum of laryngeal dystonia includes dystonic cough: observations of a large series. 2475 88