Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fascioliasis is a worlwide parasitic zoonosis, endemic in south-east mediterranean area, but uncommon in other areas. Clinical signs are usually non-specific. A 32 year old male patient was admitted to our hospital with complaints of abdominal pain, diarrhea, fatigue, nausea, lost of appetite, itching, cough, night sweats and weight loss. Complete blood count revealed hypereosinophilia. The abdominal ultrasound scan was normal. But computed tomography scan revealed irregular nodular lesions in periportal area of the liver. Based on these clinical and radiological signs and continuous hypereosinophilia, the patient was serologically investigated for Fasciola hepatica infection. F. hepatica indirect hemagglutination test in serum was positive at a titer of 1/1280. Single dose Triclabendasole 10mg/kg was administered and repeated two weeks later. Clinical and laboratory signs were completely resolved after treatment. Serological tests for fascioliasis should be included in all patients with hypereosinophilia and abnormal liver CT.
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PMID:A Fascioliasis Case: a not Rare Cause of Hypereosinophilia in Developing Countries, Present in Developed too. 2270 44

Tuberculosis (TB) accounts for the highest number of mortalities among infectious diseases worldwide. Laryngeal TB is an extremely rare presentation of TB. It has many similarities to laryngeal carcinoma, one of the three most common cancers among males in the city, with an age standardized rate of 8.6. The associated risk factors of laryngeal carcinoma i.e. smoking, paan, betel nut usage and alcohol use also tend to be concentrated in the same demographic background as that of TB, creating a diagnostic dilemma. We present a case of granulomatous laryngeal TB, in a 40 year old male, with characteristic presenting features of laryngeal carcinoma i.e. persistent hoarseness and weight loss. He had no associated symptoms of fever, night sweats, cough or dysphagia, nor did he have any history of tobacco or irritant use. There was no history of tuberculosis (TB) contact. He was initially worked up for laryngeal carcinoma; however laryngoscopic biopsy revealed laryngeal TB. We present this case to emphasize the point that although primary laryngeal tuberculosis is a rarity, it must not be overlooked as a possibility when evaluating dysphonia and/or considering laryngeal carcinoma.
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PMID:Laryngeal tuberculosis presenting as laryngeal carcinoma. 2275 82

Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) is an idiopathic eosinophilic pulmonary disease characterized by an abnormal and marked accumulation of eosinophils in the lung. Common presenting complaints include cough, fever, dyspnea, wheezing, and night sweats. Common laboratory abnormalities are peripheral blood and BAL eosinophilia. The pathognomonic radiographic finding is bilateral peripheral infiltrates. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of therapy, and dramatic improvement follows treatment. Relapses are common, and most patients require prolonged therapy. Side effects associated with chronic corticosteroid therapy must be monitored. Our case was that of a 36-year-old woman who had characteristic clinical and radiologic features. She was treated with corticosteroids but she needed prolonged therapy, and side effects occurred. Because the patient had high IgE levels and a positive skin prick test result, we used omalizumab for the treatment. The patient responded well. To our knowledge, this is the first CEP case in the literature successfully treated with omalizumab.
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PMID:Omalizumab as a steroid-sparing agent in chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. 2327 62

Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. The chronic eosinophilic pneumonia is part of Pulmonary Eosinophilic Syndroms. It is presented a 33-years old man, Asmathic, with dry cough, fever, night sweats and fatigue of several weeks. The chest X-ray showed opacity in the right hemithorax. He was treated with antibiotics without response. A chest TC showed multifocal involvement. The patient refused bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) so treatment antituberculostatic was started. Despite treatment the symptoms worsened. The Chest X-ray showed migration of the infiltrates and the blood smear marked eosinophilia. Finally, bronchoalveolar lavage was carried out and it showed a high percentage of eosinophils (over 50%). The patient was treated with inmmunosuppresive doses of corticosteroids with excellent response. The blood smear in Nonresolving pneumonia is key to consider eosinophilic pneumonia, an uncommon pathology but amenable to treatment.
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PMID:[Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia]. 2291 72

We sought to determine tuberculosis (TB) prevalence including multidrug resistant (MDR)-TB among a cohort of high risk patients at two directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) clinics in Delhi, India. We also aimed to compare the sensitivity of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear tests for patients with HIV using sputum cultures as the gold standard. A cross-section study was conducted among adult patients (> or = 18 years old) with prolonged cough (greater than two weeks), night sweats, fever, and/or weight loss suspected of pulmonary TB between February and March 2006. Sputum samples were obtained and processed for 165 patients; 53 (32.1%) were culture positive for TB. Patients with TB were predominantly male (92.1%), young (median age of 32 years), and the HIV-seroprevalence was high (41.5%). In the multivariable analysis adjusted for age, HIV infection was significantly associated (POR = 2.0, p < 0.05) with the presence of TB disease. Among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates recovered from 53 cases, 25 (47.2%) were resistant to > or = 1 first line anti-TB drugs and 7 (13.2%) were MDR-TB. The sensitivity of AFB smears among HIV negative and positive participants was 35.5% and 18.0%, respectively. Our findings demonstrated that the sensitivity of AFB smears to detect TB among HIV positive patients was low. Additionally, we found that even in regions where population drug resistance estimates are low, sentinel surveillance of MDR-TB in high-risk populations is useful to prioritize target groups in need of additional prevention, monitoring and health outreach.
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PMID:Prevalence of drug resistant tuberculosis among patients at high-risk for Hiv attending outpatient clinics in Delhi, India. 2308 87

Benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) is a rare condition in middle-aged women with a history of uterine leiomyomata. It is characterized by the proliferation of, usually multiple, smooth muscle nodules. Approximately 100 cases have been reported in the literature, and the lungs were the most common site of metastases. We report a case of 52-year-old obese woman (BMI 31), hospital worker, smoker, admitted to the hospital with exertional dyspnoea, night sweats, loss of weight, and productive cough. Hysterectomy for a uterine leiomyoma was performed 9 years earlier. In addition, a history of two episodes of superficial vein thrombosis 3 and 2 years before admission was noted. Chest X-ray and subsequently CT chest examinations revealed multiple, non-calcified nodules within the middle and lower parts of both lungs. Specimens obtained by transbronchial biopsy (TBLB) and from open lung biopsy displayed benign muscle cell proliferation compatible with BML. The levels of sex hormones were characteristic for the menopause; therefore, observation was advised. Additionally, Streptococcus pneumoniae was cultured from bronchial washing, and bronchitis was diagnosed. Antibiotics, bronchodilators, and mucolytics were administered, and dyspnoea and cough with expectoration were diminished. Two years later pulmonary lesions have been stable; however, she has put on weight. Subsequently the patient has developed deep vein thrombosis with pulmonary embolism. Anticoagulant treatment was introduced, with some improvement.
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PMID:Benign pulmonary metastasizing leiomyoma uteri. Case report and review of literature. 2310 9

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma generally affects the thorax in nearly half of the cases, but endobronchial non-Hodgkin lymphoma is rare. A 65-year-old man presented with refractory cough and progressive dyspnea on exertion of 2 months' duration. The patient denied fever, weight loss, or night sweats. A chest x-ray revealed bilateral lower lobe infiltrates. A computed tomography scan of the chest revealed large matted mediastinal lymph nodes without clear margination. Bronchoscopic examination revealed bilateral endobronchial diffuse nodular lesions. Bronchial mucosal biopsy demonstrated B-cell lymphoma. The patient was treated with R-CHOP (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) regimen with near-total resolution of endobronchial and parenchymal lesions.
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PMID:Endobronchial involvement in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. 2320 59

Q fever is a bacterial infection affecting mainly the lungs, liver, and heart. It is found around the world and is caused by the bacteria Coxiella burnetii. The bacteria affects sheep, goats, cattle, dogs, cats, birds, rodents, and ticks. Infected animals shed this bacteria in birth products, feces, milk, and urine. Humans usually get Q fever by breathing in contaminated droplets released by infected animals and drinking raw milk. People at highest risk for this infection are farmers, laboratory workers, sheep and dairy workers, and veterinarians. Chronic Q fever develops in people who have been infected for more than 6 months. It usually takes about 20 days after exposure to the bacteria for symptoms to occur. Most cases are mild, yet some severe cases have been reported. Symptoms of acute Q fever may include: chest pain with breathing, cough, fever, headache, jaundice, muscle pains, and shortness of breath. Symptoms of chronic Q fever may include chills, fatigue, night sweats, prolonged fever, and shortness of breath. Q fever is diagnosed with a blood antibody test. The main treatment for the disease is with antibiotics. For acute Q fever, doxycycline is recommended. For chronic Q fever, a combination of doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine is often used long term. Complications are cirrhosis, hepatitis, encephalitis, endocarditis, pericarditis, myocarditis, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis, meningitis, and pneumonia. People at risk should always: carefully dispose of animal products that may be infected, disinfect any contaminated areas, and thoroughly wash their hands. Pasteurizing milk can also help prevent Q fever.
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PMID:Q Fever: an old but still a poorly understood disease. 2321 31

A 62-year-old man with no significant medical history experienced fatigue, night sweats, hoarseness of voice, and dry cough, which were followed by vision disturbances in his left eye. He lost about 4.5 kg (10 lb) in just over a month. Three weeks later, he had difficulty recollecting his e-mail password and trouble with word finding. The next day, he experienced numbness in his left arm. He also developed a maculopapular and erythematous rash in the groin, genitalia, and buttocks. The results of an initial neurological examination were normal, including his higher mental functions. An initial blood workup revealed normocytic normochromic anemia. The results of cerebrospinal fluid studies were unremarkable. Magnetic resonance imaging of his brain at hospital admission revealed multifocal increased T2 signals in the subcortical white matter. A conventional cerebral angiogram was unremarkable. A biopsy specimen from the right frontal lobe revealed demyelination and perivascular lymphocytic infiltration. A provisional diagnosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis was made. In spite of steroid treatment and plasmapheresis, his clinical status deteriorated rapidly. The approach to the diagnosis of a rapidly progressive multifocal brain disorder is discussed.
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PMID:A 62-year-old man with fluctuating neurological deficits and skin lesions. 2383 17

We report a 15-year-old girl presenting with dry cough, exertional dyspnoea, weight loss, fever and night sweats for over 1 month. Blood tests revealed hypereosinophilia, high IgE and antinuclear antibodies levels. Chest x-rays showed bilateral peripheral infiltrates mostly in the right upper lobe which was confirmed by a chest CT. Bronchoalveolar lavage showed hypercellularity with 28% of eosinophils. Idiopathic chronic eosinophilic pneumonia was confirmed after exclusion of other causes of eosinophilic pneumonia and systemic disease. The patient responded dramatically to oral corticosteroids. Oral corticotherapy was stopped after 4 months. At 8 months of follow-up, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) remained moderately low (58%) with persistent mild exertional dyspnoea. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing showed muscular peripheral limitation. Even if in our patient, mild exertional dyspnoea can be partly correlated to peripheral deconditioning, DLCO should be systematically evaluated to determine follow-up studies standards, to correlate with subclinical disease, relapse risk and to codify therapeutic options.
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PMID:Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia with persistent decreased diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide. 2341 37


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