Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Expiratory stenosis of the trachea and the main bronchi is caused first of all by slackening of the pars membranacea in rarer cases by tracheomalacia or tracheomegalia. Often it is associated with other respiratory diseases above all tracheobronchitis, emphysema and pneumosclerosis. Predominant clinical symptoms are dyspnoea, barking cough and attacks of suffocation. X-ray-pictures in several diameters and levels and bronchological examinations are crucial for securiting the diagnosis. Among 95 patients of all age groups 14 were operated on predominantly according to the method of NISSEN. Operation is contradicted in stages of severe emphysema with respiratory insufficiency of bilateral pulmonary tuberculosis or of chronic bronchitis. In 10 patients a good result was achieved by the operation.
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PMID:[Surgery of expiratory stenosis of the thoracic part of the trachea and main bronchi (author's transl)]. 79 6

A single-blind comparison of lymecycline and amoxycillin was performed by three general practitioners in the treatment of acute bronchitis. A total of 132 patients were treated for seven days with lymecycline (204 mg) two capsules twice daily or amoxycillin 250 mg three times daily. Symptoms and signs assessed were cough, dyspnoea, sputum volume, purulence of sputum and temperature. Both drugs brought about a statistically significant improvement. For all parameters the improvements seen with lymecycline were superior to those seen with amoxycillin although in no case did any of these reach statistical significance. However, in the case of purulent sputum those patients receiving lymecycline showed improvement which reached borderline significance (0-05 less than p less than 0-1) as compared with amoxycillin. Side-effects in the case of both drugs were negligible.
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PMID:A single-blind comparative clinical trial of lymecycline and amoxycillin in the treatment of acute bronchitis in general practice. 79 79

A 64-year-old asthmatic woman began to suffer from urinary irritation after 5 months' treatment with disodium cromoglycate. After 10 months she contracted, additionally, a dry, hacking cough and gradually increasing exercise-induced dyspnoea. Chest X-ray revealed scattered, micronodular infiltrations in both lungs, and her spirogram was clearly restrictive. Peripheral blood showed eosinophilia of 23.5%. Urine was clean. When DSCG was withdrawn, her urinary symptoms and cough disappeared overnight, and her dyspnoea improved within weeks, as did her chest X-ray. Inhalation provocation test with DSCG 2 months later resulted in an immediate asthmatic reaction followed by a possible delayed-type reaction 9 hours later. Disodium cromoglycate is regarded as the possible aetiologic agent.
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PMID:Pulmonary infiltrates with eosinophilia and urinary symptoms during disodium cromoglycate treatment. A case report. 81 4

Seventy-six patients with pleural mesothelioma were seen at Memorial Hospital from 1939 to 1972. There were 10 with benign and 66 with malignant mesotheliomas. The latter were histologically divided into 39 epithelial and 27 fibrosarcomatous types. Main symptoms were chest pain, dyspnea, and cough. Most of the patients with malignant disease had clinical and radiologic evidence of effusion with or without an intrathoracic mass. Thirty-seven patients had primary untreated mesothelioma and 29 patients had disease that had previously been treated elsewhere. Treatment at Memorial Hospital consisted of surgery, with or without radiation therapy, and supplemental chemotherapy. Survival was related to extent of disease and to treatment. In patients with epithelial mesothelioma confined to the hemithorax, resection was associated with a median survival of 21 months. When irradiation was the primary treatment, the median survival was 8 months. In fibrosarcomatous mesotherlioma, the median survival with resection was 11 months and with radiation, 9 months. Median survival in patients with advanced or recurrent disease was 3 to 6 months. It is concluded that epithelial mesotherlioma with diffused pleural involvement continues to carry a grave prognosis. Better survival is obtained where pleurectomy with resection of the bulk of the tumor is combined with external irradiation and systemic chemotherapy. In fibrosarcomatous mesothelioma, complete resection offers a significant chance of long-term survival. In patients with benign mesothelioma, none had recurrence nor died of disease after adequate resection.
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PMID:Pleural mesothelioma. 82 13

A rare case of desquamating interstitial pneumonia, in a 15-year-old boy, is reported. Symptoms consisted of dry cough, progressive dyspnoea and chest pain. The chest X-ray revealed bilateral basal opacities. There were hypoxaemia and restrictive ventilatory changes. Bacteriological, virological and serological tests were all negative. An open lung biopsy established the diagnosis and corticosteroids were given as the drug of first choice. Other drugs, such as cytostatic ones, should only be given if steroids are ineffective. Arterial blood gases proved to be the most sensitive indicator of improvement, while the chest X-ray remained abnormal for several months.
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PMID:[Desquamating intersitial pneumonia (author's transl)]. 83 83

Fibrosing alveolitis is a rare, diffuse lung disease characterized by varying combinations of two histological features: thickening of alveolar walls and the presence of large mononuclear cells in the alveolar spaces. Clinical details of 10 children with fibrosing alveolitis are reported. The main symptoms in children are tachypnoea or dyspnoea, cough, poor weight gain, and cyanosis. The condition is similar to that in adults, but it is usually a more acute illness, and if untreated, more predictably fatal. Respiratory failure, pulmonary hypertension, and cardiac failure are the major complications. Less commonly, superimposed bacterial infection and pneumothorax occur. Chest x-rays often show a sequence of changes with a ground-glass appearance and fine mottling in the early stage of the disease, progressing to a picture of mainly hilar linear markings in those children who recover. The histological features at lung biopsy or necropsy are described; these correlated poorly with the radiological features, steroid responsiveness, and clinical course. Lung function tests in 3 older children showed evidence of markedly reduced lung volumes in 2. Static lung compliance in 4 children in the acute stage of the illness was normal in 3 and diminished in one. The response to steroid therapy was analysed in cases from the literature and the 10 reported cases. No spontaneous remissions occurred, all the survivors having been treated with corticosteroids. In children fibrosing alveolitis is almost always a corticosteroid-responsive disease. An appropriate course of prednisolone would be of at least 4 week's, but preferably of 8 weeks' duration, at a minimum daily dose of 2 mg/kg. After improvement the steroid withdrawal should be cautious and protracted, comprising at least a year's continuous treatment.
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PMID:Fibrosing alveolitis in infancy and childhood. 83 51

One hundred patients with pulmonary hydatid disease underwent thoractomy and operative removal of the cysts. Of the 60 men and 40 women, most were between 3 and 19 years old. Cough, fever, dyspnea, and chest pain were the prominent symptoms in the majority of cases. Intact hydatid cysts were found in 67 patients and infected or ruptured cysts in 33. The Casoni skin test, Weinberg reaction, and eosinophilia were found to be unreliable diagnostic criteria and therefore were not used routinely in our patients. Roentgenological examination was the most valuable diagnostic aid. A single lobe was affected in 72 patients. Unilateral multiple foci were present in 15 patients and bilateral multiple foci in 13. Cystectomy and capitonnage were the preferred operative procedures in most cases. Pulmonary resection was necessary to only a limited number of patients. We conclude that conservative surgical methods such as cystectomy (with or without capitonnage) are preferable, especially for children, whose residual lung parenchyma has great capacity for expansion. The mortality rate among our 100 patients was 2%; both died of cardiac arrest during operation.
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PMID:Pulmonary hydatid disease: report of 100 patients. 83 3

We present a study of 151 persons working in slate-pencil manufacturing industries located in the Mandsaur district of Madhya Pradesh, India. Cough, dyspnea, and pain in the chest were the important symptoms. Cyanosis, rhonchi, and crepitations were found in varying numbers of cases. The chest x-ray films were abnormal in 85 cases.
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PMID:Silicosis in slate pencil workers. A clinicoradiologic study. 83 63

The clinical histories of 81 patients with hypersensitivity reactions to nitrofurantoin, 66 of whom had pulmonary reactions, were studied. Of all patients, 94% were women and of these, 43% were between 40 and 59 years of age. The nitrofurantoin preparation that contained vitamin c caused significantly fewer hypersensitivity reactions than the others. Acute pulmonary reactions appeared a mean of 8.7 days after the start of nitrofurantoin treatment. Typical for these were high fever, dyspnoea, cough, blood eosinophilia, bilateral pneumonic or pleuro-pneumonic infiltrations, a reduced transfer factor of the lung and, as revealed in pulmonary biopsy specimens, vasculitis, interstitial inflammation and alveolar exudation. Symptoms of subacute and chronic pulmonary reactions developed after at least 1 and 6 months of treatment, respectively. Findings of interest were anti-nuclear antibodies in serum, capillary sclerosis, interstitial fibrosis and inflammation in pulmonary tissue. Most patients with an acute pulmonary reaction recovered within 15 days, but in more than half of those with chronic reactions slight signs of pulmonary fibrosis persisted on follow-up. The findings suggest that the interstitial pulmonary changes caused by nitrofurantoin are largely the result of an Arthus-type immune complex-mediated reaction.
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PMID:Nitrofurantoin-induced acute, subacute and chronic pulmonary reactions. 84 Dec 94

An 18-year-old woman with stage IIIB Hodgkin's disease presented with minimal shortness of breath and progressed to fatal pulmonary insufficiency in five days. Biopsy and necropsy lung tissue specimens established the diagnosis of acute radiation pneumonitis. The diagnosis of radiation pneumonitis should be considered in the presence of a nonproductive cough, dyspnea, mixed interstitial and alveolar infiltrates on chest roentgenogram, negative cultures, and the characteristic findings on lung biopsy of macrophage accumulation and alveolar fibrin deposition in the face of minimal cellular infiltrate. A trial of steroid treatment may be warranted.
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PMID:Acute febrile illness associated with bilateral pulmonary infiltrates after irradiation in a patient with Hodgkin's disease. 84 87


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