Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Rapid onset of severe and irreversbile airflow obstruction developed in two women. One had eosinophilic fasciitis and the other had rheumatoid arthritis. Both were treated with penicillamine. In the first patient, aged 42 years, dyspnea developed after six months of therapy. Her roentgenogram showed hyperinflation. Forced vital capacity expired in one second (FEV1/FVC%) decreased from 75% to 40%, and the residual volume increased by 1 L. In the second patient, aged 54 years, cough and dyspnea developed after ten months of therapy. The FEV1/FVC% was 56%, the FEV1 was 0.9 L, and the roentgenogram was normal. Lung biopsy specimens demonstrated severe and widespread bronchiolitis. An association between obliterative bronchiolitis and rheumatoid arthritis has been reported. Penicillamine may impair healing of bronchiolitis in such patients.
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PMID:Bronchiolitis and bronchitis in connective tissue disease. A possible relationship to the use of penicillamine. 44 84

Aspiration pneumonitis is an important cause of many anesthetic and non-surgical deaths and complication. One hundred and eight cases from 1964 to 1974 were reviewed to study the factors associated with aspiration pneumonia. Forty surgical and 68 non-surgical patients were evaluated and compared. Predisposing factors included impaired consciousness, esophageal and neurological disorders, cardiac resuscitation, debilitation, presence of a nasogastric tube or tracheostomy. The most common findings in both groups were dyspnea, cough, cyanosis, fever, tachycardia, rhonchi, rales and wheezes. Sputa of 64 patients failed to reveal the precise etiologic agent. High mortality (30%) and morbidity were found in both groups even with optimum treatment. The causes of morbidity in both groups of patients were pneumonia, lung abscess, myocardial infarction, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and pulmonary embolus. Prevention, with particular attention to high-risk patients and to factors influencing aspiration in groups of surgical and non-surgical patients, is the solution to the problem.
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PMID:Aspiration pneumonia: a ten-year review. 45 16

Forty-one consecutive patients with suspected sarcoidosis underwent pulmonary function testing and transbronchial lung biopsy at three community teaching hospitals. Transbronchial biopsy disclosed noncaseating granulomas in 22 of 23 patients (96%) in whom parenchymal disease was roentgenographically apparent and in eight of 18 patients (44%) in whom it was not. The stage of the disease as determined by the chest roentgenogram was the most reliable determinant for a positive biopsy result. Not the presence of cough, dyspnea, or constitutional symptoms or pulmonary function as measured by forced vital capacity and carbon monoxide diffusing capacity served to predict a positive transbronchial biopsy finding any more accurately than did the roentgenographic staging of the disease itself. This study suggests that while transbronchial lung biopsy may be an acceptable initial diagnostic procedure in suspected sarcoid patients without parenchymal lung disease, clinical symptoms and pulmonary function abnormalities are not helpful in predicting the liklihood of a positive biopsy result.
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PMID:Probability of a positive transbronchial lung biopsy result in sarcoidosis. 45 63

Twenty-one cases of carcinomatous lymphangitis of the lung are reported. In diagnosing them clinical, roentgenologic, and histopathologic criteria were used and the clinical, roentgenologic and evolutive findins were considered in order to emphasize the origin of the primitive neoplasm. From this point of view the principal ones turned out to be carcinomas of the breast, stomach, and lung. The absence of carcinoma of the thyroid gland as a source of pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosa must be pointed out. The higher incidence of this condition in older people and the clear predominance in the female sex are stressed. From a clinical standpoint the most important data were the existence of cough and dyspnea, which are often associated with the commom presence of enlarged left supraclavicular or axillary lymph nodes. There was a predominant pure interstitial pattern (the most common feature was the presence of Kerley's A or B lines), sometimes coexisting with alveolar impairment and very often with accompanying pleural effusion. The mean survival rate was 2 months, with a maximum of 7 months and a minimum of 3 days. The results of the present series were compared with those of the literature and the most significant and constant fact in both instances was that two thirds of the cases of pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosa had their origin in neoplasms of the breast, stomach, and lung.
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PMID:[Carcinomatous lymphangitis of the lung. Report of 21 cases (author's transl)]. 45 90

We have successfully treated two patients with symptomatic pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis using a high FIO2 delivered by face mask, with administration interrupted at meal times. While we advocate oxygen therapy for this disease, caution must be taken to avoid the complications of high PaO2, namely proliferative and fibrotic lung changes. Close attention should be paid to the development of increasing cough, dyspnea and shortness of breath. As the frequency of the diagnosis of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis increases, the success of high inspired oxygen as therapy should be recognized.
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PMID:Treatment of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis with high FIO2: report of two cases. 46 78

53 children with infective pericarditis were seen at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, between 1967 and 1976. Their ages ranged from 10 days to 15 years but 53% of them were aged 5 years and below. Cough, fever, and breathlessness were the most common symptoms; cardiac decompensation was evident in over 30% of them, 23% had muffled heart sounds, but a pericardial friction rub was audible in only one. The main pathogens identified were Mycobacterium tuberculosis (11 cases), Staphylococcus aureus (11 cases), Escherichia coli (4 cases), Pneumococcus and Pseudomonas (3 cases each). Most of the patients had some other associated infection--such as, bronchopneumonia (12 cases), empyema thoracis (10 cases), lung abscess (10 cases), septicaemis (6 cases), and osteomyelitis (3 cases). Errors in diagnosis were common, the diagnosis having been missed in 72% of the cases identified at necropsy. Even if the correct diagnosis had been made during life and appropriate treatment given, the mortality rate (36%) was high. It is suggested that the onset of cardiac failure in any child with bronchopneumonia, empyema, or lung abscess should always arouse a suspicion of infective pericarditis.
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PMID:Infective pericarditis in Nigerian children. 47 15

A 57 year-old male with lymphocytic lymphoma developed symptoms of cough, fever and progressive dyspnea accompanied by a diffuse lower lung infiltrate. Open lung biopsy revealed multiple micro-abscesses surrounding small bronchioles which yielded a pure growth of Propionibacterium acnes.
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PMID:Propionibacterium acnes pneumonia in a patient with lymphoma. 47 54

Seven young men developed acute pulmonary hemorrhage and edema from the inhalation of powder or fumes of a bisphenol epoxy resin containing tri-mellitic anhydride (TMA) while working in a steel pipe-coating plant. The illness was characterized by cough, hemoptysis, dyspnea, fever, weakness and nausea or vomiting. Chest roentgenograms showed either a bilateral or unilateral pulmonary infiltrate. All patients had a normochromic type of anemia. Pulmonary function studies demonstrated a restrictive defect, hypoxemia, and increased A-a DO2 gradients. Light and electron microscopic studies of lung tissue revealed extensive bleeding into alveoli but no basement membrane deposits were seen and no antiglomerular basement membrane antibodies were detected. The patients improved quickly without treatment. Follow-up studies of six patients three weeks to one year after their illness revealed apparent recovery. A detailed medical survey carried out on all 29 workers currently employed in the plant revealed five additional men had experienced severe recurrent pulmonary problems.
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PMID:Pulmonary hemorrhage and edema due to inhalation of resins containing tri-mellitic anhydride. 49 27

Classical symptoms and signs common to most pulmonary diseases, such as dyspnea, cough, chest pain and cyanosis, are reviewed to assess their significance for diagnosis and evaluation of the degree of impairment in acute respiratory failure. While frequently useful for diagnosis, they are often inadequate to determine the degree of emergency. In each particular etiology other information is needed to obtain an objective and quantitative assessment. Two examples selected for their frequency are considered: barbiturate intoxication and severe exacerbations of asthma. The severity of barbiturate poisoning can be assessed clinically in the light of the degree of central nervous depression. Classical signs and wheezing are poorly correlated with the intensity of acute asthmatic attacks, but high-risk patients can be identified by seeking neglected physical findings such as pulsus paradoxus and sternomastoid muscle contraction. In many other pulmonary emergencies further studies are required to assess the usefulness of various clinical signs as objective indices of the severity of respiratory impairment.
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PMID:[Various aspects of respiratory emergencies in non-hospital practice]. 53 46

Two epidemiological surveys were made by the same research team on the prevalence and the aetiological factors of chronic bronchitis symptoms in coalminers. The first study was made in a coalminers' community of Belgian Limburg, the other one in a representative sample of coalminers regularly at work. In both surveys an excess of dyspnea complaints was observed in comparison to the prevalence of this symptom in controls. These dyspnea complaints often presented themselves as isolated symptoms, without chronic cough or phlegm production. Dyspnea in excess could not be explained by massive fibrosis. The prevalence of the symptom was not linked, neither to the spirometric values, nor to the results of respiratory challenge tests with acetylcholine, tobacco use, or the length of exposure at the coalface. When dyspnea was associated with cough and phlegm production there was on the contrary a statistically significant relation with the spirometric values and the effect of acetylcholine. It seems therefore reasonable to explain at least partially the isolated dyspnea complaints in coalminers by specific mechanisms not related to bronchitis but resulting from the pathological lesions characteristic of simple pneumoconiosis. Complaints of cough and phlegm production appear as a rule later in the coalminer's life. In the groups taken into consideration in the study they were linked with cigarette smoking which appeared as the predominant aetiological factor for these complaints; in a subgroup a synergic action of coaldust, tobacco use and air pollution could be discussed in this respect. Notwithstanding the pathogenic independence of some dyspnea complaints versus cough and expectoration, it is quite clear that when productive bronchitis develops and causes broncho-obstruction, it may aggravate pre-existing dyspneic patterns.
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PMID:Contribution to the natural history of chronic bronchitis in coal-miners. 55 52


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