Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 67-year-old female was emergently admitted to our hospital because of severe dyspnea with cyanosis. One month before admission, she consulted a doctor and chest x-ray disclosed a huge tumor shadow occupying most of the left hemithorax. At that time, she did not complain of any particular symptoms except slight cough. Twelve days after admission, the patient lost consciousness and an emergency operation was performed. The tumor showed severe adhesion to the aorta and the lower lobe of the left lung, but not to the esophagus. After the operation, mechanical ventilation was necessary for 13 days to recover pulmonary function. Histological diagnosis was made as leiomyoma, which is rarely seen in the mediastinal region. At present, the patient survived 10 years without any symptom of recurrence. In this paper, the authors report a case of mediastinal leiomyoma which received an emergency operation and attained long term survival. Twelve similar cases reported in the past were also reviewed.
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PMID:A case of giant mediastinal leiomyoma with long-term survival. 305 81

Sixteen patients with extralobar sequestration of the lung are reported on. The age at time of diagnosis varied from 21 days to 12 years (mean 3.6 years). Most of the patients presented with respiratory symptoms, such as dyspnoea, pneumonia, coughing attacks, cyanosis and asthmatic symptoms, but diagnosis was made incidentally in 4. Diagnosis was established by chest X-ray in every case. Preoperative angiography and bronchography was carried out in six cases. All 16 patients underwent thoracotomy for removal of the sequestration. Rudimentary bronchial remnants were found in 6 cases. Extralobar sequestration was associated with 12 additional malformations in 10 of the 16 patients. The clinical picture varies considerably and many of the "typical" features, such as systemic arterial blood supply, left lower lobe localization and diaphragmatic defect, are often absent. Diagnosis and treatment are easy.
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PMID:Extralobar sequestration of the lung in children. 310 80

We considered if the cyanosis frequently observed during a cough attack in patients with chronic lung disease was due to worsening hypoxemia. To investigate the effects of cough on PaO2, we measured arterial blood gases before and after a voluntary coughing period of 45 sec, in 11 patients with Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) and 14 patients with Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COPD). All patients significantly increased (p less than 0.05) their PaO2 (COPD: from 49 +/- 2 to 60 +/- 2 mmHg; ILD from 44 +/- 2 to 51 +/- 3 mmHg, mean +/- SD) and decreased their PaCO2. We conclude that stable patients with COPD and ILD increase their PaO2 with coughing most likely due to hyperventilation. The cyanosis observed could be due to peripheral circulatory effects of coughing.
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PMID:PaO2 increases with coughing in patients with chronic lung disease. 314 75

A case report is given of a patient with a 3-year history of recurrent attacks of dry cough and dyspnoea associated with cyanosis but with no demonstrable organic cause. The patient's condition responded favourably to a combined regimen of antidepressant chemotherapy and supportive psychotherapy. The authors emphasise the importance of the recognition and proper treatment of psychological disorders associated with such forms of respiratory distress.
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PMID:Successful management of paroxysms of dry cough by antidepressant chemotherapy and supportive psychotherapy: a case report. 317 27

A case of high altitude pulmonary edema with high altitude cerebral edema was reported. A young Japanese male complained of severe palpitation and shortness of breath on the third day of climbing at 3,000 m above sea level. During the next 2 d at altitude, the following symptoms occurred: cough with foamy sputum, cyanosis, and loss of consciousness. Soon after evacuation, he showed severe hypoxemia and deep coma with decerebrate rigidity; electroencephalogram showed diffuse alpha waves, indicating "alpha wave coma." Brain computerized tomography revealed brain edema, showing small compressed ventricles and diffuse low density of the cerebrum. Pulmonary edema on chest roentgenogram disappeared by the fifth hospital day, and his consciousness recovered gradually during the next 2 weeks after the admission. He was examined serially by electroencephalography and brain computerized tomography. He recovered fully, but there were transient psychological abnormalities soon after discharge and mild brain atrophy was observed by brain computerized tomography 6 years later.
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PMID:A case of high altitude pulmonary edema followed by brain computerized tomography and electroencephalogram. 320 90

Pulmonary edema after re-expansion of a pneumothorax occurs within a maximum of 3 days of the pneumothorax and manifests by intense clinical signs (cough, abundant foamy expectoration, major cyanosis), marked hypoxia and a "white lung" radiologic image. The outcome was rapidly favorable in the case reported, despite the severity of the initial symptomatology. Currently accepted physiopathologic mechanisms implicate numerous factors in the genesis of edema due to re-expansion. The lesional pulmonary edema can be explained by alteration in alveolar capillary permeability, by the atelectasis, hypoperfusion and stretching during revascularization, and possibly by the action of free radicals. A hemodynamic edema also exists as a consequence of the reduction in pulmonary interstitial pressure. Possible prophylactic measures are discussed, the most appropriate appearing to be very progressive evacuation of the pneumothorax.
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PMID:[Reexpansion pulmonary edema after pneumothorax. Apropos of a case. Review of the literature]. 328 64

Congenital tracheoesophageal fistula presents with clinical features of variable types and severity, including choking, coughing, and cyanosis with feeds, pneumonia, and abdominal distension. The rarity of the condition, its nonspecific symptomatology, and limitations in its demonstration by contrast radiology and endoscopy contribute to delays between first presentation and confirmation of the diagnosis. Recognition of symptom complexes and a high index of clinical suspicion should assist early diagnosis. In our experience with 30 infants with "H" fistula, an initial barium swallow demonstrated the fistula in 73%, and in all patients by the third attempt. Refinements in technique have shown contrast radiology to be satisfactory and safe in the initial investigation of infants with suspected congenital tracheoesophageal fistula and enables differentiation from other causes of aspiration.
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PMID:The diagnosis of congenital tracheoesophageal fistula. 337 46

We studied 149 children aged seven months to 13 years (mean age 2.9 +/- 0.2 years) who had aspirated foreign bodies for age, sex, and type of foreign body. Symptoms, physical findings, chest x-ray, and fluoroscopy were compared with different sites of enlodgement. Positive history was obtained in 135 (91%). In 133 children, the diagnosis was made on admission. Frequent symptoms were cough (80%) and cyanosis (27%) following aspiration, while prevalent emergency department symptoms were cough (33%) and dyspnea (30%). Common physical findings on admission were decreased breath sounds (65%), tachypnea (43%), and fever (36%). Admission chest radiographs revealed emphysema (43%) and infiltrates or atelectasis (29%). Forty-one children (27%) were asymptomatic, and 43 children had normal chest x-ray. Fluoroscopy showed inspiratory mediastinal shift in 57%. Bronchoscopy performed within 48 hours of admission was successful in removing the foreign material in 88% of the children. Food particles were the most common type of foreign body. Hoarseness and stridor were significantly more common in upper airway enlodgement (P less than 0.01). Decreased breath sounds were significantly more common among children with lower airway enlodgement (P less than 0.001). A delay in diagnosis of longer than three weeks was associated with equivocal history of aspiration (P less than 0.05), and with significantly more wheezing (P less than 0.02) and atelectasis (P less than 0.01). Our study reemphasizes the importance of integrating various diagnostic tools in order to accurately evaluate and manage these children.
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PMID:Foreign body aspiration in childhood. 338 Jul 39

Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (CFA) in children is supposedly a rare diffuse lung disease characterized clinically by tachypnoea, cough, poor weight gain, and cyanosis. Histologically, it is characterized by thickening of alveolar walls and infiltration of the alveolar septae with mononuclear cells and fibrous tissue. The condition is more acute in children, with fulminant course. Ten children were diagnosed as having CFA out of three hundred children seen over a period of 3 years. Diagnosis was established by characteristic clinical findings and laboratory evaluation. All the children had tachypnoea at rest and bilateral crepitations in the absence of fever. Diffuse bilateral persistent irregular shadows were noted on the chest X-ray of these children. Pulmonary function studies revealed a restrictive type of abnormality with low transfer factor for carbon monoxide in six children. Open lung biopsy was done in eight children. The biopsy material was graded according to nine morphologic variables. Administration of steroids early in the course of illness resulted in amelioration of symptoms in 60% of the patients.
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PMID:Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis in children. 357 26

A 17-year-old girl developed fever, cough and hemoptysis, as well as bouts of septic fever, dyspnea on exertion, cyanosis and weight loss. Opacification in the left lower lung was a persistent feature. Complement-fixation reaction to Aspergillus fumigatus was 1:80, and there were four precipitation lines against this fungus on immunoelectrophoresis. Aspergilli were also demonstrated in sputum and bronchial aspirate. Because the patient's condition deteriorated an atypical lingula resection was performed and cortisone treatment begun postoperatively. Subsequently all abnormal findings disappeared and the patient was cured. Two subsequent exposures to Aspergillum on the parental farm produced high fever, cough, dyspnea and thoracic pain. Histological examination of the lingular specimen revealed bronchocentric granulomatosis. In this case it was the rarely occurring morphological manifestation of an allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis without bronchial asthma.
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PMID:[Bronchocentric granulomatosis as a manifestation of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis without bronchial asthma]. 359 64


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