Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Selected workers exhibiting clinical "sensitivity" to toluene diiosocyanate (TDI) (wheezing, cough, and dyspnea upon entering a TDI-containing area) were studied for : (1) in vitro TDI-induced leukocyte histamine release; (2) determination of cyclic 3',5' adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels of lymphocytes exposed to TDI; (3) effect of TDI on the isoproterenol-induced increase of lymphocyte cAMP levels: and (4) acetyl-beta-methylcholine (mecholyl) inhalation challenge. TDI did not induce histamine release from leukocytes of "sensitive" or "nonsensitive" individuals, nor were lymphocyte cAMP levels affected by in vitro TDI exposure, TDI did, however, diminish in vitro stimulation of cAMP by isoproterenol. This effect, seen with cells of "sensitive" and "nonsensitive" individuals, appeared to be dose-dependent; there were no significant differences between the two groups. When challenged with mecholyl, 7 of 10 "sensitive" but only 1 of 10 "nonsensitive" individuals showed a greater than 20% decrease in FEV1. These results suggest that TDI-induced obstructive airways disorders may be associated with altered beta-adrenergic function.
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PMID:Toluene diisocyanate pulmonary disease: immunopharmacologic and mecholyl challenge studies. 6 73

St Christophers' Hospice near London is now internationally known as a special centre for the care of terminally ill patients. In these cases, the relief of symptoms is paramount, and prominent among those symptoms is pain. Such pain can almost always be relieved without euphoria or lessening of consciousness. More than 60% of patients admitted to St Christopher's complain of pain, and the scheme of management outlined below results in substantial or complete relief of pain in all of them. Addiction does not occur when control of the patient's pain is part of the pattern of total care. The author considers management of pain of varying severity, together with associated symptoms such as vomiting, anorexia, dry mouth and hiccup, dyspnoea, cough, anxiety and depression, insomnia, constipation and diarrhoea.
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PMID:Drug control of common symptoms in the terminally ill patient. 6 49

WRL 105 strain live influenza vaccine or placebo was given to patients with chronic bronchitis in a double-blind study. The twenty-one vaccinated and twenty-three placebo-treated patients made daily self-assessments of the severity of symptoms of cough, breathlessness, tightness, wheeze, and sputum production in the following 20 weeks. Symptom scores in the first 2 weeks after vaccination or treatment with placebo were used to calculate a baseline range for each patient. Comparison of symptoms in the two groups in the baseline period showed that symptoms were more often reported by vaccinated than by placebo-treated patients but the differences were not statistically significant. One patient who responded serologically to vaccination had a moderately severe influenzal illness starting on the day after vaccination. Comparison of symptom scores during the 18-week surveillance period with baseline values showed that symptoms of breathlessness, tightness, wheeze and cough were significantly more common in vaccinated than in placebo-treated patients and that antibiotic usage was more common in the vaccinated group.
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PMID:Longer term effects of live influenza vaccine in patients with chronic pulmonary disease. 6 83

Urinary continence is maintained by the smooth-muscled system of the "internal sphincter". The striated external sphincter is not primarily responsible for continence. One of the chief functions of the external sphincter is the initiation of voluntary micturition. Its other functions are: random interruption of the urinary stream, reflex control during an increase in intra-abdominal pressure (such as coughing, sneezing, larghing, lifting) complete emp;ying of the urethra after micturition and stabilization of the posterior urethra in the urogenital diaphragm. After prostatectomy an intact external sphincter is important in order to support the smooth-muscled system which continues to be primarily responsible for continence to function as efficiently as possible. In approximately 90% of all postprostatectomy incontinences the external sphincter is intact and this cames a good prognosis following our correcture surgery without the need for prostheses. Only in rare post-prostatectomy incontinence cases (aprox. 10%) is the external sphincter also injured. Incontinence surgery according to our method has not been satisfactory in these cases.
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PMID:Post-prostatectomy incontinence. 8 55

Described here is a unique case of Whipple's disease in a 54 year old man with chronic severe cough and gastrointestinal symptoms in whom the initial diagnosis of Whipple's disease was made by lung biopsy. This is, to our knowledge, the first reported case in which the bacilliform structures of Whipple's disease have been demonstrated in tissues from other than the gastrointestinal tract of lymph nodes. Subsequently, a peroral biopsy of the small intestine was performed and revealed identical and pathognomonic features of Whipple's disease. The pulmonary roentgenologic findings are described and the histologic differential diagnosis of histiocytic infiltrates in the lung, which may be histologically similar to Whipple's disease, are briefly reviewed.
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PMID:Whipple's disease of the lung. 8 13

Eight cases of malignant tumors of the head and neck were treated with NK 631 on a dosage schedule of 10 mg at a time 3 times weekly, by intravenous one-shot injection or intravenous drip infusion, to observe its therapeutic effects and adverse reactions. The treatment was assessed markedly effective in 3, moderately effective in 1 and ineffective in 4 of them. The treatment was also assessed moderately or markedly effective in 3 and ineffective in 2 out of squamous cell carcinoma cases. Hematologic findings, serum electrolytes and enzymologic findings were normal, but the pulmonary function examinations revealed a tendency for PaO2 to decrease slightly. In 1 case where frequent cough was observed, the cough was mitigated on withdrawal of the treatment. The adverse reactions that evolved included fever, alopecia, eruptions, nausea and vomiting, and pigmentation of the nail. To summarize these findings, the authors were impressed with NK 631 and that the agent would exert an excellent antitumor effect, compared with bleomycin, and that its effect would evolve at the early stage of its treatment. Fixed drug eruption was observed as an adverse reaction of this drug in 1 case; however, the adverse reactions of this bleomycin analog appear similar to those of its parent compound, bleomycin.
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PMID:[Treatment with NK 631 (new bleomycin analog) of oral and maxillofacial cancer (author's transl)]. 8 25

The question of the efficacy of whooping-cough immunisation was central to the controversy that started in 1974. Definitive answers were not possible at the time because of the very low levels of whooping-cough in the preceding years and the absence of up-to-date information. The widespread abandonment of whooping-cough immunisation and the subsequent epidemic of whooping-cough have provided a natural epidemiological experiment. Figures from Hertfordshire in 1978 show that for children aged 4 years and under whooping-cough immunisation conferred 92% protection.
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PMID:Evidence of whooping-cough-vaccine efficacy from the 1978 whooping-cough epidemic in Hertfordshire. 8 92

An H1-receptor blocking antihistamine, clemastine, taken before aspirin gave complete or partial protection against flushing, rhinorrhea, cough, and headache in ten asthmatic patients with idiosyncrasy to aspirin. In five of the ten patients aspirin-precipitated bronchoconstriction was also reduced or prevented after pretreatment with clemastine. Thus histamine appears to play a part in the production of most non-respiratory symptoms occurring after aspirin ingestion in intolerant patients with asthma. Bronchial reactions might depend partly on histamine and partly on the action of other spasmogens. It is suggested that inhibition of prostaglandins of the E series by aspirin-like drugs plays a crucial part in the release of histamine from tissue stores in aspirin-sensitive asthmatic patients. Clemastine might be of use in the treatment of acute reactions to aspirin.
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PMID:Inhibition of idiosyncratic reactions to aspirin in asthmatic patients by clemastine. 9 16

A patient with psoriasis was treated with methotrexate (MTX) orally once a week. Bilateral pulmonary infiltrations, hilar- and peripheral adenopathy with granulomas, cough, fever and dyspnoea developed after 10 months of treatment. Similar symptoms in patients receiving MTX have been described by others. The clinical symptoms cleared after MTX was withdrawn. However, the radiographic changes persisted long after the symptoms had resolved. The possibility of sarcoidosis incidentally developing during the MTX treatment is discussed.
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PMID:Pulmonary disease complicating intermittent methotrexate therapy of psoriasis. 9 77

The interneural incision has clearly been demonstrated to be efficient, being executed rapidly and providing excellent exposure to the right upper abdominal quadrant. The postoperative period is marked by less subjective complaints; decreased narcotic requirements, and increased ease of walking, coughing and deep breathing. The result is improved pulmonary toilet and a negligible incidence of pulmonary complications. At long term observation, there is a scar which is cosmetically preferable, without neuroma or hernia formation and with no complaints of numbness or paresthesias in the area of the incision. For all these reasons, we have concluded that the interneural incision is superior, in the appropriate anatomic situation, than is either a vertical or subcostal incision for biliary tract operations.
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PMID:The interneural incision for biliary tract operations. 9 41


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