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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To determine the influence of socio-economic, clinical and radiological factors on the detection of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis-positive direct sputum smear, we studied 531 patients hospitalized for pleuropulmonary tuberculosis over a 5 year period. M. tuberculosis positivity of the expectorate smear was found more frequently in clinically detected (43%) than in radiologically detected (26%) tuberculosis (P less than 0.001). On admission, a M. tuberculosis-positive sputum smear was more common in patients under 40 years old (P less than 0.02), blacks (P less than 0.05) and alcoholics (P = 0.001). M. tuberculosis positivity on direct sputum smears was more often associated with general (asthenia, sweating, fever greater than 38 degrees C) and functional respiratory symptoms (cough and sputum production) (P less than 0.003), bilateral diffusion of lung lesions and/or excavation on chest roentgenography (P less than 0.0001). Nevertheless, 21% of the asymptomatic radiologically detected tuberculosis patients had positive direct expectorate smears and should be considered contagious.
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PMID:[Patients hospitalized with pulmonary tuberculosis presenting Koch's bacillus in direct sputum examination. Clinical, radiologic and bacteriologic characteristics]. 278 69

The radiologic appearance of atypical cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE) is presented in 10 cases admitted from 1983 to 1985, with age ranges from 74 to 89, and with diagnosis of ischemic heart disease, with myocardial infarction in 50% of them. Clinically they had asthenia, adynamia and anorexia in 80%, cough and weight loss in 50%. All of them had tachycardia, pulmonary rales and 50% pericardial rub. ECG showed in 80% anterior subepicardial ischemia, 60% posteroinferior subepicardial ischemia, 60% bifascicular block, and 50% left anterior fascicular block. Chest films were interpreted at first as pulmonary fibrosis in 90% of the cases with superior lobe involvement in 50%. Heart enlargement was present in 50%. A chronic lung disease was disclosed on clinical and pulmonary physiological grounds. It is concluded that asthenia, adynamia and anorexia were atypical manifestations of heart failure in the elderly. Silent myocardial infarction was observed in half of our patients and it was complicated with pericardial involvement in 50%. Irregular distribution of fluids in pulmonary edema was attributed to anatomic changes in elder lung. These atypical behaviour of pulmonary edema, has been misinterpreted on radiologic basis with pulmonary infection, tumours, metastasis or fibrosis. Those radiologic changes disappeared or improved in 72 hrs. with treatment of left ventricular failure.
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PMID:[Radiologic characteristics of cardiogenic pulmonary edema in the elderly]. 296 66

We report 6 cases of diffuse interstitial pneumonia complicating therapy. The patients' study included the determination of amiodarone plasma level by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and a study of lymphocyte subpopulations in alveolar lavage (wash cut). The mean cumulative dosage of amiodarone was 229 g; clinical symptoms were mainly weight loss, asthenia, dyspnea and dry cough. Bronchiolo-alveolar lavage fluids contained numerous lymphocytes, of which were T cells with a predominance of T8 lymphocytes. This is compatible with an immunoallergic mechanism as suggested in allergic alveolitis and in other drug induced pulmonary diseases. The determination of plasma amiodarone level performed after amiodarone withdrawal consistently showed a level inferior to the toxic one. These data confirm the lack of correlation between the pneumonitis outbreak and the amiodarone plasma level. Study of the red cell concentration of amiodarone and its major metabolites seems to be of greater interest.
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PMID:[Interstitial pneumopathies during amiodarone treatment. Determination of serum amiodarone, typing of lymphocytes from bronchiolo-alveolar lavage]. 354 63

In this study, we report the case of a 48 year-old female patient showing a clinical picture after a month's evolution consisting of cough, moderate effort dyspnoea, asthenia, anorexia and loss of weight. One year before, she had been diagnosed with bronchial asthma and she had been treated for two years with policarpine collyrium for a glaucoma simplex. The exploration only showed the existence of iris synechias in the right eye and conjunctival hyperaemia on the same side, together with basal crepitant rales on auscultation. Once we had proved the existence of a peripheral eosinophilia superior to three thousand elements per mm3 and of peripheral pulmonary infiltrates with radiographic negative for pulmonary edema, the picture was included in the so-called P.I.E. syndrome whose various etiologies were discarded subsequently. Following a pharmacological survey, a study of parasites in faeces and cutaneous tests as well as provocative tests, the specific causes of P.I.E. were discarded. According to the transbronchial biopsy and the biopsies of skin, nerve and muscle, it was unlikely that the diagnosis would be granulomatosis and/or angiitis. No evidence was found of any of the affections in which P.I.E. is regarded as a minor component. In view of the above, we thought the correct diagnosis was chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, since all the characteristics defining this picture according to Carrington were fulfilled. The treatment was started with corticoids and a clear improvement of all clinical symptoms was observed, including the ocular findings and the disappearance of radiographic pulmonary infiltrates.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Apropos of a case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia associated with iridocyclitis and bronchial asthma]. 383 34

We present a case of Farmer's lung with antibodies to Thermoactinomyces vulgaris and Aspergillus fumigatus. A 56-year-old male patient with an atopic family medical history came to our hospital complaining of cough, dyspnea, fever, asthenia and anorexia. His condition worsened after being exposed to cereal powder, becoming symptomatic after 20 minutes or on occasion after 6 hours. Physical examination showed basal crepitant rales in lung auscultation. The radiograph of the thorax showed a bilateral interstitial reticulo-nodular pattern. An obstructive pattern was found on functional respiratory examination. There was also a slight restriction along with the decrease of the VC and a significant reversal of the M.M.E.F. with anticholinergics. The tests for intradermal cutaneous allergies were positive after 20 minutes and for Aspergillus fumigatus Niger and Terreus (Bencard) after 6 hours. With immunoelectrophoresis and double diffusion, precipitation bands in the presence of Aspergillus fumigatus and Thermoactinomyces, were detected. IgG and IgE were high-1570 mg% and 1000 U/ml respectively. The histological study of the transbronchial biopsy showed dilatation of the alveolar septum caused by a lymphocytic infiltration with fragments of collagenous fibres. In bronchoalveolar lavage there was a predominance of lymphocytes and histiocytes. After exertion, arterial blood gases showed desaturation with hypoxemia. The static lung volumes and the flow and diffusion of carbon monoxide (CO) showed a moderate decrease of vital capacity, with the total lung capacity being below normal. Diffusion was markedly attenuated. The provocation test by indirect bronchial inhalation using cereal powder (Alfalfa) was positive. After six hours dyspnea, cough and leukocytosis appeared with an outbreak of fever and an increase in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Farmer's lung with antibodies against Thermoactinomyces vulgaris and Aspergillus fumigatus. Clinical course and treatment]. 390 94

A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out in 45 hospitalized adult patients requiring antibiotic therapy for acute or chronic respiratory tract infection to compare the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment alone or with the concomitant use of nimesulide, a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Patients were allocated at random to receive antibiotic treatment plus either nimesulide (100 mg twice daily) or placebo over a period of 15 to 23 days. The results showed that the patients in the nimesulide group had significantly greater and more rapid improvement in signs and symptoms such as chest pain, cough, oropharyngeal hyperaemia, asthenia, as well as osteoarticular pain in those arthrosis-affected patients, than those treated with antibiotic plus placebo. Treatment was well-tolerated and very few, mild side-effects were reported.
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PMID:Nimesulide and antibiotics in the treatment of acute infections of the respiratory tract. 635 3

Pulmonary infiltrates developed in three middle-aged women while receiving naproxen sodium. Weakness, fatigue, cough, low-grade fever, and eosinophilia in blood and/or sputum were common to all. All symptoms and findings resolved within a few days after discontinuing naproxen therapy in two cases and with use of corticosteroids (prednisone) in one case. A hypersensitivity reaction due to naproxen seemed to be the likely cause.
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PMID:Pulmonary infiltrates associated with naproxen. 669 Jul 68

Acquired tracheobronchomalacia is seen in middle-aged and elderly people. Weakness of the tracheal and bronchial walls allows the posterior and anterior walls to draw nearer together during expiration and coughing, producing a varying obstruction. The main symptoms are dyspnoea, cough, phlegm and haemoptysis. Tracheobronchomalacia has often been diagnosed as chronic bronchitis, and the dyspnoea has also been treated as asthma, without success. Bronchoscopy, cineradiography, spirometry and intrabronchial pressure measurements are the diagnostic methods used. Tracheobronchomalacia is a progressive condition and must be taken into account in the diagnosis of obstructive pulmonary diseases and in the assessment of the working capacity of dyspnoeic patients. Treatment is preventive and symptomatic; in selected cases surgery also may be of benefit.
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PMID:Acquired tracheobronchomalacia. 675 13

Asthenia, anorexia, fever, weight loss, dyspnea and cough developed insidiously over 3 months in a patient working in a farm and exposed to moldy organic dusts (hay and alfalfa). Complete recovery occurred when exposure was stopped, but symptoms reappeared when the patient took the same job again. Pulmonary function tests showed reduced compliance and diffusion of gases. The demonstration of precipitating antibodies to moldy hay extracts confirmed the diagnosis of farmer's lung. Eight months after discontinuance of exposure and on steroid therapy the patient was asymptomatic with spirometric values within normal limits. Chest roentgenogram showed a residual finely reticular pattern in the superior lobules. The importance of an early diagnosis and subsequent change of job in order to avoid irreversible pulmonary fibrosis is stressed.
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PMID:[Farmer's lung. Report of a case (author's transl)]. 740 35

70 children aged 4 to 12 years with acute infection and inflammation of the respiratory tract (laryngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia) were enrolled in a double-blind investigation and randomised to treatment with nimesulide (50mg granules twice daily) or lysine-aspirin (360mg granules twice daily) for 5 days. The drugs were similarly effective in reducing cough, asthenia and dyspnoea, although nimesulide-treated patients experienced fewer gastrointestinal adverse events. These results confirm the efficacy of nimesulide in the treatment of respiratory inflammation and provide preliminary evidence of its value in children.
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PMID:Double-blind evaluation of nimesulide vs lysine-aspirin in the treatment of paediatric acute respiratory tract infections. 750 76


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