Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0010200 (cough)
 23,843 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis due to the inhalation of Shiitake mushroom spores was demonstrated in a 38-year-old woman. Symptoms of cough, nausea and malaise, and clinical findings of cyanosis, bibasilar crackles, reduced lung volumes, hypoxemia, leukocytosis, elevated ESR, positive C-reactive protein, and bilateral diffuse reticulonodular shadows on chest roentgenogram improved after the patient was removed from exposure. Alveolitis was demonstrated by transbronchial lung biopsy, as well as an increase in lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage. Serum precipitins and specific IgG antibodies to an extract of Shiitake mushroom spores, but not to other common molds or mushroom body, were detected in serum. Provocative inhalation test with the extract of mushroom spores caused the same clinical symptoms and signs as experienced in the workroom. This is the first report of typical hypersensitivity pneumonitis induced by Shiitake mushroom spores. Mushroom spores as well as thermophilic actinomycetes must be considered a causative agents for mushroom worker's lung.
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PMID:Hypersensitivity pneumonitis induced by Shiitake mushroom spores. 128 27

This report reviews the manifestations in fifteen children of proved adenoviral pneumonia. Patients' ages ranged from 43 days to 4 years and 1 month. Twelve cases were younger than 2 years old. Adenoviral infections were proved by positive viral cultures or a four-fold increase of the complement fixation titer. Prolonged fever and cough were found in all cases. In 13 patients, respiratory distress occurred; 5 needed mechanical ventilation. Injected throats, conjunctivae and ear drums were common. Other clinical pictures included abdominal discomfort, hepatomegaly, skin rash, convulsion and bleeding tendency. Abnormal laboratory findings were mild anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein, impaired liver function test, and prolonged prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time. Anemia (11 cases), leukopenia (7 cases) and elevated transaminases levels (7 cases) were more common than previously reported. All patients had para-hilar peribronchial infiltrates in chest roentgenography. Segmental atelectasis and compensated hyper-expansion were found frequently. Pleural effusion were noted in six of our cases. Air leak syndrome occurred in three patients who had received mechanical ventilation. Three of the 15 patients expired: one had a preceding measles infection, all had disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. For patients with antibiotic-resistant pneumonia, adenoviral studies should be done. Extrapulmonary manifestations, and some abnormal laboratory findings, i.e., mild anemia, leukopenia, impaired liver function are clues to adenoviral infections, while bleeding tendency can be regarded as a poor prognostic sign for children with adenoviral pneumonia.
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PMID:Adenoviral pneumonia in children. 132 94

Seven patients (mean age, 50.7 +/- 20.4 years; range 21-77) with plasma cell granuloma (PCG) of the lung are reported. Cough and sputum were the most common presenting symptoms, followed by fever. Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum C-reactive protein levels were found in all patients tested. Radiologically, five cases presented as solitary, well-circumscribed masses and two as ill-defined, pneumonia-like densities. One showed focal calcification. No predilection of occurrence was observed in either lobe of the lung. Histologically, the lesions consisted of a proliferation of mature plasma cells and reticulo-endothelial cells supported by a stroma of granulation tissue, with varying degrees of myxoid change or collagenization. Angioinvasion within the lesion was observed in 4 of the 7 cases. Immunohistochemical staining revealed the IgG-predominant polyclonal nature of the plasma cells, indicating a reactive inflammatory process rather than a neoplastic one. Electron microscopy confirmed the benign nature of the plasma cells with fibroblast and myofibroblast proliferation admixed with that of other inflammatory cells.
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PMID:Seven patients with plasma cell granuloma (inflammatory pseudotumor) of the lung, including two with intrabronchial growth: an immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study. 139 77

Clinical features of 36 cases of psittacosis experienced from 1980 to 1988 were analyzed. The following results were obtained. 1) Sixteen patients were male; twenty were female. The thirty-six patients ranged in age from 29 to 76 years. 2) Fifteen patients had been exposed to Parakeets prior to the onset of illness. 3) High fever (94.1%) and cough (94.4%) were prominent clinical symptoms. 4) The number of pneumonic foci per lung field by chest X-ray, showed the right inferior lobe was most frequently involved (45.2%). According to the nature of roentgenological shadows, the ground-glass-like shadow was most frequent (70.6%). 5) Leucocytosis was present in only three patients. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were high in many patients. Half of the patients had elevated serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and glutamate pyruvate transaminase. 6) All cases were treated with antibiotics and cured. The incidence of psittacosis may be increasing. Therefore, it is useful for clinicians to know the clinical features of this disease. These results may be useful in early diagnosis.
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PMID:[Clinical features of 36 cases of psittacosis]. 240 12

There are approximately 20,000 excess deaths from cardiovascular disease each winter in England and Wales. The reasons for the excess have not been fully elucidated. For one year, we studied 96 men and women aged 65-74 living in their own homes in order to examine seasonal variation in plasma fibrinogen and factor VII clotting activity (FVIIc), and to investigate relationships with infection and other cardiovascular-disease risk factors. Both fibrinogen and FVIIc plasma values were greater in winter with estimated winter-summer differences (confidence intervals) of 0.13 (0.05-0.20) g/L for fibrinogen and 4.2 (1.2-7.1)% of standard for FVIIc. These differences could account for 15% and 9% increases in ischaemic heart disease risk in winter respectively. After adjustment for confounding by season, fibrinogen was strongly related to neutrophil count (p < 0.0001), C-reactive protein (p < 0.0001), alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (p < 0.0001), and self-reported cough (p < 0.0001) and coryza (p = 0.0004), but not to ambient temperature. Therefore, we suggest that seasonal variation in fibrinogen might be induced by winter respiratory infections via activation of the acute phase response. Seasonal variations in the cardiovascular risk factors fibrinogen and FVIIc provide further possible explanations for the marked seasonal variation in death from ischaemic heart disease and stroke in the elderly.
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PMID:Seasonal variations of plasma fibrinogen and factor VII activity in the elderly: winter infections and death from cardiovascular disease. 790 26

The association of vitamin A supplementation with concentrations of positive acute-phase proteins in the serum was investigated in the Child Health Study of the Ghana Vitamin A Supplementation Trials, a randomized, controlled trial of the effect of vitamin A on morbidity in children aged < 5 y. Mean serum concentrations of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, serum amyloid A, and C-reactive protein did not differ overall between the vitamin A-supplemented and placebo-treated groups. Treatment groups were then subdivided according to what symptoms children had experienced in the week before blood sampling. Acute-phase-protein responses to fever and cough were not affected by vitamin A supplementation. There was a tendency for vitamin A-supplemented children, but not placebo children, to have elevated acute-phase proteins in association with reported vomiting or severe diarrhea. The failure of unsupplemented children to mount an acute-phase response may have contributed to their increased morbidity from gastrointestinal symptoms.
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PMID:Vitamin A supplementation, morbidity, and serum acute-phase proteins in young Ghanaian children. 754 31

We wanted to assess whether routine use of a rapid test for C-reactive protein (CRP) could reduce prescription of antibiotics for adults with possible lower respiratory tract infection. 239 patients were randomized into a CRP group, tested with the rapid test (n = 108) and a control group (n = 121). Before knowing to which group the patient belonged the doctors made a preliminary decision about antibacterial treatment. The C-reactive protein value was then released if the patient belonged to the CRP group, and the therapy could be adjusted in light of the result. Antibacterial courses prescribed during the consultations and in the following three weeks were registered. The clinical course was evaluated by interview after one week and again after three weeks. Antibiotics were prescribed for altogether 56% of the patients in the CRP group and 60% in the control group. The difference was not statistically significant. Prescription of antibiotics was strongly associated with the finding of crackles and wheezes, but not with cough, dyspnoea or chest pain. Slow recovery was associated with high age, absence of fever and a normal value of C-reactive protein. No significant benefit of the CRP test was demonstrated. We discuss whether the doctors made full practical use of the information provided by the test. Bronchial obstruction should probably be considered to be the problem more often in coughing patients with a normal CRP value.
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PMID:[The value of C-reactive protein testing in suspected lower respiratory tract infections. A study from general practice on the effect of a rapid test on antibiotic research and course of the disease in adults]. 764 2

A 40-year-old woman in whom the mitral valve had to be replaced with a prosthetic one (St. Jude's) had to be reoperated 8 months later because of endocarditis on the second prosthetic valve (Carbo-Medics). Four months later her general condition deteriorated progressively with cough and dyspnoea, requiring hospitalization. Auscultation revealed moist rales over both lung bases; heart sounds were distant but otherwise normal. The "international normalized ratio" was 2.5, while erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white cell count and C-reactive protein were normal. Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated a hardly moving mitral valve prosthesis with an opening area of 0.8 cm. Subsequently this decreased further and measurement of the anticardiolipin antibody titre revealed an IgG fraction of 37.9 U/ml (normal up to 12 U/ml). Within 48 hours thrombolysis with streptokinase had increased the valve's opening area to 1.8 cm. The patient made an uneventful recovery under strict anticoagulation. This case illustrates that the anticardiolipin syndrome can be a cause of an otherwise unclear genesis.
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PMID:[Thrombosis of a prosthetic mitral valve in the anticardiolipin syndrome]. 778 11

This study retrospectively reviewed those pediatric patients of acute lower respiratory tract infection with positive virus identification by direct immunofluorescence assay (Direct IF) from Jan, 1992 to Dec, 1993. One hundred and eighteen patients with 133 positive Direct IF results (107 cases with single virus identified, and 11 cases with more than one) were included. The sex ratio was 1.6:1 with males predominant; age, 22.1 (1 approximately 154.8) (months); duration of admission, 5.7 (1 approximately 69) (days); peripheral white blood cell count, 10,600 +/- 3,800/mm3; C-reactive protein, 17.0 (0 approximately 163.3) mu/ml; body temperature, 37.1 +/- 1.1 degrees C in those cases with single virus. The symptoms were cough 105 cases (98.1%), rhinorrhea 46 cases (43.0%), dyspnea and/or tachypnea 43 cases (40.2%) and diarrhea 15 cases (14.0%). The viruses identified were: Adenovirus (52 cases, 39.1%). Influenza B (45 cases, 33.8%), Parainfluenza 1 (28 cases, 20.1%), Parainfluenza 3 (19 cases 14.3%), Respiratory Syncytial virus (17 cases, 12.8%), and Influenza A (9 cases, 6.8%). The seasonal incidence rates were spring (49 cases, 36.8%), summer (46 cases, 34.6%), autumn (23 cases, 17.3%), and winter (15 cases, 11.3%). The results showed much similarity with others, except the commonest viral type (Adenovirus in this study; Respiratory Syncytial virus in others) and the seasonal incidence rate (higher in spring and summer in this study but not in others). In conclusion, most children with acute viral lower respiratory tract infection had an uneventful course and Direct IF is a reliable method for viral detection in that disease.
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PMID:Study on the children of Kaohsiung with acute viral infection of lower respiratory tract by direct immunofluorescence assay. 798 92

From 1982 to 1991, we experienced 76 patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia which were confirmed by serologic tests. There were 32 (42%) male and 44 (58%) female patients. One patient had underlying disease of diabetes mellitus while the other patients were in good health. The age ranged from 9 months old to 72 years old. All the patients complained of fever and coughing; 63% had dry cough and 37% had sputum production. Upper respiratory tract complaints such as rhinorrhea, sore throat, or earache were noted in 57% of the patients. Fifty-five percent of the patients had GI symptoms of anorexia, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Other complaints included myalgia/arthralgia (29%), headache (30%), and general malaise (32%). Dyspnea (17%) and chest pain (20%) were occasional complaints. Seventy-one percent of the patients had WBC counts < 10000/cu mm and 29% > 10000/cu mm. The mean value of C-reactive protein (CRP) was 53.1 micrograms/ml, while 16% of the patients had a CRP value above 100 micrograms/ml. Thirty-one percent of the patients were noted to have a transient elevation of serum transaminase. Four different patterns of infiltration were seen in chest radiographic manifestation: 1) peribronchial and perivascular interstitial infiltrates (18.4%), 2) nonhomogeneous patchy consolidations (22.4%), 3) homogeneous acinar consolidations (27.6%), and 4) mixed interstitial and alveolar infiltrates (27.6%). Interstitial infiltration was more commonly seen in pediatric than adult patients (46% vs 20%). Other features of the radiologic manifestation were as follows: unilateral lesions in 80% of patients, single lobe lesions in 77%, lower lobe predominant in 69%, pleural effusion in 7%, and radiographic deterioration in 10%. Mycoplasmal pneumonia should be considered in the differential diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonias.
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PMID:Clinical study of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. 832 Jul 55


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